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Query: UMLS:C0851341 (infestation)
 10,121 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Animals were experimentally infested with Sarcoptes scabiei var suis at weekly intervals between birth and five weeks of age. Excoriations were observed on the luminal surface of the ear seven days after the initial infestation. Encrusted lesions developed in the ears of all pigs between the third and eighth weeks but spontaneously regressed and disappeared by the 14th week. A generalised pruritus, accompanied by focal erythematous skin lesions developed in a majority of pigs between seven and 11 weeks of age. The presence of pruritus was associated with an eosinophilia and histological changes in the skin which were consistent with an allergic reaction. The results are discussed in relation to their diagnostic significance and their importance in the control and eradication of the disease.
Vet Rec 1979 Jan 06
PMID:Experimental Sarcoptes scabiei infestation in pigs: (1) pathogenesis. 43 1

The importance of fly infestation in the transmission of disease and in the loss of production through "fly worry" to meat and milk producing animals is reviewed. As well as being confirmed disseminators of certain enteric diseases of man, eg, cholera, salmonellosis and colienteritis, flies have also been implicated in the transmission of mastitis and certain ophthalmic infections, principally keratoconjunctivitis in cattle. "Fly worry, particularly from biting flies such as Stomoxys calcitrans and Haematobia irritans, has been shown to have an adverse effect on meat and milk production since fly control greatly increases yields.
Vet Rec 1979 Oct 13
PMID:The epidemiological and economic importance of fly infestation of meat and milk producing animals in Europe. 55 24

A survey of faecal samples taken from 1000 suburban dogs revealed an infestation of 7-2 per cent Toxocara canis, 2-7 per cent Toxascaris leonina, 1-3 per cent Trichuris vulpis and 1-3 per cent Uncinaria stenocephala. The faecal material examined was obtained per rectum from well cared-for pet dogs resident in an area of north-west suburban London. The age of the dogs examined, both male and female, ranged from three weeks to 18 years. The clinical picture of the dogs affected by ascariasis and in particular Toxocara canis is described and some advice on treatment is included.
Vet Rec 1977 Apr 02
PMID:A survey of patent nematode infestations in dogs. 86 Mar 84

Over a period of 15 months data were collected from abattoirs in Great Britain on 213,082 cattle and 362,838 sheep livers to determine the distribution and prevalence of damage by Fasciola hepatica. The stock came from 8239 farms, and from livestock markets in 81 counties. 53 per cent of the farms had sent affected stock, with significant percentages in eastern as well as the western counties of England and Scotland. 21 per cent of all cattle and 7 per cent of all sheep livers examined were affected. In both species, the percentage of adult stock affected was more than double that of young stock. The condemnation rate in cattle was relatively constant throughout the year. The effects of infestation are more widely distributed than has been generally recognised. Greater emphasis should be placed on the control of chronic fascioliasis in cattle.
Vet Rec
PMID:Liver fluke in Great Britain: a survey of affected livers. 120 44

Routine light microscopy and transmission and scanning electron microscopy were used to describe and compare the biliary tree of larval Lampetra lamottenii before and during infestation of the bile ducts with the nematode, Truttaedacnitis stelmioides. The most prominent changes to the biliary tree following infection by the parasite are the dilation of the bile ducts, alterations to their epithelial cells, and an increase in periductal fibrous tissue. In recently infected animals, the simple epithelium of dilated bile ducts often contains many mitotic figures. In long-term infestations, the epithelium is stratified or pseudostratified. Changes to the fine structure of the biliary epithelial cells include increase and/or dilation of the RER and SER, and increases in microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. The abundance of dense bodies may reflect enhance reabsorption of biliary constituents, and their accumulation may ultimately result in cytolysis. There are increased mucous granules in the apical cytoplasm of biliary epithelial cells and an abundance of mucinous material within the bile duct lumen, and the basal lamina appears thickened. The changes to the liver of L. lamottenii following infection are discussed and compared to those reported in small mammals following bile duct ligation, in patients with extrahepatic biliary obstruction, and in parasitic infection of the biliary tree.
Anat Rec 1992 Oct
PMID:Morphology of the bile ducts of the brook lamprey, Lampetra lamottenii (Le Sueur) before and during infection with the nematode, Truttaedacnitis stelmioides (Vessichelli, 1910) (Nematoda: Cucullanidae). 141 6

Parasitic otitis associated with psoroptes infestation was diagnosed in a small pedigree flock of sheep with aural haematomas, abscessation and cauliflower ears. Thirteen of the 15 lambs were affected but the clinical signs were mild; small, discrete, crusty lesions on the inner aspect of the ear at the junction of its anterior and posterior borders were typical. Nine of the 20 adults were affected but the lesions were more severe. Eighteen of the 64 members of the breed society who responded to a telephone survey reported sheep with similar clinical signs in their flocks. The proportion of animals affected ranged from 1 to 60 per cent with a median value of 16 per cent.
Vet Rec 1992 Jun 13
PMID:Parasitic otitis in sheep associated with psoroptes infestation: a clinical and epidemiological study. 144 Oct 96

The field efficacy of pour-on formulation of flumethrin 1 per cent was assessed in cattle naturally infested with Psoroptes ovis. In a finishing unit, 18 infested animals were selected, left untreated for one month and examined twice to monitor the progress of the infestation. They were treated twice 10 days apart with a pour-on formulation of flumethrin 1 per cent (2 mg/kg bodyweight). Skin samples were collected from the animals on days 0, 7, 14, 28 and 42 and examined for the presence of live mites. The clinical condition of the cattle was evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the trial using a standardised chart. Bodyweights were recorded on days -32, 0, 28 and 50. In addition the 65 cows in a calving unit were given the same treatment regimen and its efficacy was evaluated on days 0, 7, 14 and 28 in 11 P ovis infested animals. On the day of treatment most of the infested animals had a severe pyodermatitis. From day 7 onwards no live mites were found in the treated animals and there was a marked clinical improvement. The percentage efficacy on day 28 was 100 per cent in both units. In the finishing animals treatment was associated with a marked improvement in daily weight gains between day 0 and day 28.
Vet Rec 1992 Jul 25
PMID:Field efficacy of flumethrin pour-on against Psoroptes ovis in cattle. 152 5

The prevalence of Sarcoptes scabiei in pigs in the Netherlands, and the causal relationship between infestation and dermatitis in fattening pigs were assessed in a survey in 1988. In the first part of the survey 400 fattening pigs from 88 farms and 200 sows were examined. In the second part of the survey 193 fattening pigs with normal skin and 201 with dermatitis were examined; the dermatitis was characterised by small round, slightly thickened skin lesions, mostly on the rump, flanks, abdomen and buttocks. Ear scrapings were collected from all the animals after slaughter and examined for the presence of sarcoptic mites. In the first part of the survey, 33 (8.25 per cent) of the 400 fattening pigs and nine (4.5 per cent) of the 200 sows were positive for S scabiei. Mange was detected in fattening pigs from 21 (23.9 per cent) of the 88 farms. In the second part of the survey, six (3.1 per cent) of the 193 fattening pigs with normal skin and 30 (14.9 per cent) of the 201 pigs with dermatitis were positive for S scabiei. This difference was statistically significant (P less than 0.001). Histological examination of the skin lesions revealed an eosinophilic perivasculitis compatible with an allergic reaction, and consistent with infestation with S scabiei. The results of this survey indicate that mange is common in the Netherlands, and that sarcoptic mite hypersensitivity can be a cause of the skin lesions seen in fattening pigs at slaughter.
Vet Rec 1990 Mar 31
PMID:Sarcoptic mite hypersensitivity: a cause of dermatitis in fattening pigs at slaughter. 211 97

An outbreak of muscle disease affected approximately 20 of 600 ewes in spring 1987 in south-east Scotland. The clinical signs were a flaccid paralysis of the hind limbs and in severe cases collapse. Serum creatine kinase and aspartate aminotransferase activities were increased. Clinically affected sheep had a mean reciprocal serum antibody titre in a sarcocystis immunofluorescence antibody test of 557 whereas 22 sheep from the same flock, sampled one year earlier, showed a mean reciprocal titre of only 51. Histologically a heavy infestation of sarcocysts, myodegeneration and a non-suppurative myositis centred on degenerating sarcocysts were observed in a wide range of skeletal muscles and myocardium from four affected sheep. Monensin sodium had been inadvertently included in the protein pellet used in the feed for one week before the onset of the disease.
Vet Rec 1989 Apr 22
PMID:A myopathy of sheep associated with sarcocystis infection and monensin administration. 250 29

Flumethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid, used in the laboratory as a sheep dip (Bayticol) at a concentration of 55 ppm, eradicated sheep scab from 30 infested sheep and provided protection against infestation for at least seven weeks. Similar results with at least five weeks protection were obtained on monitor sheep dipped under field conditions with flocks of 525 and 870 sheep. The dip was prepared and replenished with 66 ppm flumethrin and the concentration did not strip.
Vet Rec 1987 Feb 28
PMID:Flumethrin: a non-stripping pyrethroid dip for the control of sheep scab. 357 37


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