Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Query: UMLS:C0851184 (
thinning
)
11,252
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
Three-dimensional (3D) printing has been an emerging technique to fabricate precise scaffolds for biomedical applications. Cellulose nanofibril (CNF) hydrogels have attracted considerable attention as a material for 3D printing because of their shear-
thinning
properties. Combining cellulose nanofibril hydrogels with alginate is an effective method to enable cross-linking of the printed scaffolds in the presence of Ca
2+
ions. In this work, spherical colloidal lignin particles (CLPs, also known as spherical lignin nanoparticles) were used to prepare CNF-alginate-
CLP
nanocomposite scaffolds. High-resolution images obtained by atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed that CLPs were homogeneously mixed with the CNF hydrogel. CLPs brought antioxidant properties to the CNF-alginate-
CLP
scaffolds in a concentration-dependent manner and increased the viscosity of the hydrogels at a low shear rate, which correspondingly provide better shape fidelity and printing resolution to the scaffolds. Interestingly, the CLPs did not affect the viscosity at high shear rates, showing that the shear
thinning
behavior typical for CNF hydrogels was retained, enabling easy printing. The CNF-alginate-
CLP
scaffolds demonstrated shape stability after printing, cross-linking, and storage in Dulbecco's phosphate buffer solution (DPBS +) containing Ca
2+
and Mg
2+
ions, up to 7 days. The 3D-printed scaffolds showed relative rehydration ratio values above 80% after freeze-drying, demonstrating a high water-retaining capability. Cell viability tests using hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 showed no negative effect of CLPs on cell proliferation. Fluorescence microscopy indicated that HepG2 cells grew not only on the surfaces but also inside the porous scaffolds. Overall, our results demonstrate that nanocomposite CNF-alginate-
CLP
scaffolds have high potential in soft-tissue engineering and regenerative-medicine applications.
...
PMID:Three-Dimensional Printed Cell Culture Model Based on Spherical Colloidal Lignin Particles and Cellulose Nanofibril-Alginate Hydrogel. 3199 46
