Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pregnant mice were injected with 12.5 micrograms DES/kg body weight or 25 micrograms DES/kg body weight daily from gestation day 9 through day 12 or 16 and sacrificed on day 13 or 17. Placentas of DES treated animals were smaller than controls, the effect being dose dependent. Histologic changes in 13 gestation day placentas regional thinning of the labyrinth associated with an apparent inhibition of trophoblast maturation and development of fetal blood vessels. Knots of mononuclear cells form in the labyrinthine region of 13 day placentas exposed to the higher dose of DES. By 17 days gestation, coagulative necrosis is common in the decidua basalis, being most severe in those animals receiving 25 micrograms DES/kg. In many placentas the labyrinthine region is absent. The only remaining elements are trophoblast cells, giant cells and glycogen-containing cells. Fetal deaths associated with the lower dose of DES increased with time whereas 100% fetal mortality was associated with the higher dose.
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PMID:Placental changes due to administration of diethylstilbestrol (DES). 610 45

To elucidate the difference between Newtonian and shear thinning non-Newtonian assumptions of blood in the analysis of DES drug delivery, we numerically simulated the local flow pattern and the concentration distribution of the drug at the lumen-tissue interface for a structurally simplified DES deployed in a curved segment of an artery under pulsatile blood flow conditions. The numerical results showed that when compared with the Newtonian model, the Carreau (shear thinning) model could lead to some differences in the luminal surface drug concentration in certain areas along the outer wall of the curved vessel. In most areas of the vessel, however, there were no significant differences between the 2 models. Particularly, no significant difference between the two models was found in terms of the area-averaged luminal surface drug concentration. Therefore, we believe that the shear thinning property of blood may play little roles in DES drug delivery. Nevertheless, before we draw the conclusion that Newtonian assumption of blood can be used to replace its non-Newtonian one for the numerical simulation of drug transport in the DES implanted coronary artery, other more complex mechanical properties of blood such as its thixotropic behavior should be tested.
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PMID:Comparative study of Newtonian and non-Newtonian simulations of drug transport in a model drug-eluting stent. 2283 79