Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The time course of recovery of left ventricular wall motion after coronary reperfusion and how that relates to anatomical infarct size, wall motion abnormality, and the amount of cardiac myosin light chain II release were evaluated in conscious dogs. One week after the implantation of hydraulic occluders on the left circumflex arteries, myocardial infarction was induced. Coronary reperfusion was performed 3 h after the occlusion in 9 dogs (R) and occlusion was sustained in 9 dogs (C). All dogs underwent serial 2-dimensional echocardiograms and determination of serum cardiac myosin light chain II. The infarct size was identified at 14 days. Systolic wall thickening at the center of the ischemic area (SWT) at 3 h was -7.7 +/- 2.8% (C), -9.9 +/- 3.0% (R). Systolic thinning was observed even at 14 days in C. Significant recovery of contraction was observed in R, but the improvement continued for as long as 2 days. SWT at 14 days was -1.5 +/- 2.8% (C) and 7.0 +/- 4.6% (R) (p less than 0.05). All of SWT or the extent of systolic thinning (EST) 3-hour and 14-day were correlated well with infarct size in C. In group R, 14-day SWT and 14-day EST correlated with infarct size but 3-hour SWT and 3-hour EST did not. Total release of serum cardiac myosin light chain II levels correlated well with infarct size (r = 0.88), 14-day SWT (r = -0.90) and 14-day EST (r = 0.89) in all dogs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Jpn Circ J 1989 Sep
PMID:Infarct sizing after reperfusion by two-dimensional echocardiography and serum cardiac myosin light chain II in conscious dogs: dissociation between early left ventricular wall motion and ultimate infarct size. 260 Oct 4

A 64-year-old carpenter had an unsteady gait, severe dizziness, nocturia, and a loss of erection for more than 4 years. The neurological manifestations consisted of a wide-based ataxic gait, bilateral dysmetria with intentional tremor, staccato speech, rigidity, bradykinesia, and an iris-thinning. There was reproducible orthostatic hypotension. A sweat test revealed severe anhidrosis. Nicotine and methylbenzene sensitivity was absent, whereas norepinephrine infusion test showed a significant elevation of blood pressure. The resting plasma norepinephrine level on recumbency was low and a subnormal surge was noted on standing or exercise. We conclude that the clinical features caused by a degenerative process involving both the central and peripheral autonomic systems, together with atrophy of other systems in this patient, constitute the Shy-Drager syndrome.
Taiwan Yi Xue Hui Za Zhi 1989 Sep
PMID:Abnormal cardiovascular responses to postural changes and pharmacologic agents in a case of Shy-Drager syndrome. 262 36

A transmission electron microscope (TEM) study was made of spindles and tufts as identified in the light microscope, from samples prepared by selected-area argon-ion-beam thinning. Spindles in human dental enamel were found to be continuous with dentinal tubules across the dentin-enamel junction (DEJ) and usually appeared at the DEJ as electron-lucent, empty channels nearly circular in cross-section. The spindles were found to cross prism boundaries, branched rarely, and some were occasionally found to be occluded or partially occluded with small needle-like crystals (approximately 5 nm width and approximately 70 nm length), granular material (approximately 1.5 nm diameter) and/or amorphous material. Near the DEJ, the majority of spindles had a diameter less than 2 microns, while in the prismatic enamel away from the DEJ, spindles with a diameter greater than 2 microns were generally found. Spindle varicosity was characterized by an enlargement of their diameter. Tufts started at the DEJ and were not associated with dentinal tubules. Two types of ultrastructure were observed in the TEM: (i) disrupted regions of enamel incorporating large voids (up to approximately 0.1 microns in diameter), or, more commonly, (ii) channels within the enamel occluded or partially occluded, with small needle-like crystals and granular and/or amorphous material similar to that found in the enamel spindles. It was concluded that spindles and tufts represent areas of hypomineralization with increased void volume and partial remineralization.
Adv Dent Res 1989 Sep
PMID:Ultrastructure of spindles and tufts in human dental enamel. 264 Apr 35

Entry times for spherical (no pseudopods) polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) into a 4 microns micropipet have been measured as a function of pipet suction pressure (2,500-20,000 dyn/cm2) and concentration of the drug pentoxifylline (PTX, 0.1-10.0 mM). For control cells (0 mM PTX), entry rates (reciprocal entry times) increased almost linearly with increasing suction pressure, indicating a Newtonian-like behavior. With incubation in PTX solutions, entry rate vs. suction pressure became increasingly non-linear, suggesting a shear-thinning effect for the dissipative structure. At a given suction pressure the rate of entry showed a dose-dependent increase with increasing PTX concentration, the effect being most pronounced at high suction pressures (20,000 dyn/cm2). Also, with increasing PTX concentration two other effects were observed: i) there was a decreased incidence of cells that displayed pseudopodia, and ii) there was an increased incidence of cells forming hernias and an increased streaming of cell cytoplasm during aspiration. The first observation points to a down-regulation of the cell's functional ability to "activate" in response to surface/chemical stimuli, and the second indicates that both the cortical and cytoskeletal networks are weakened either by disruption and/or reduction in density of the protein polymers. These observations are in line with other recently published experiments which suggest that the rheological effects of pentoxifylline on PMNs may be associated with the state of actin.
J Cell Physiol 1989 Sep
PMID:Rapid deformation of "passive" polymorphonuclear leukocytes: the effects of pentoxifylline. 277 92

Pleural pressure was measured by a capsule in 9th or 10th intercostal space (ics) of dogs during tetanic stimulation of phrenic nerves (PS). When lung border passed under capsule (bor.I) a marked negative spike occurred, reflecting pleural liquid pressure (Pliq). In 9th ics spike was briefer than during spontaneous breathing (SB), speed of lung border being 4.6 times greater. During PS spike was greater and longer in 10th than in 9th ics, lung volume at bor.I being 228 ml greater. Lung volume at bor.I was smaller during PS than passive inflation because of chest wall deformation. Dynamic fall in Pliq at bor.I has been estimated about 4 cm H2O during SB, and at least 12 and 16 cm H2O (in 9th and 10th ics, respectively) during PS. Dynamic fall in Pliq seems essentially a viscous loss: it increased with thinning of pleural liquid (increase in lung volume), and with speed and displacement of lung border. Results suggest that at ordinary lung volume viscous loss of pleural liquid in this region is about 2 cm H2O per cm displacement at a speed of 1 cm/sec.
Respir Physiol 1989 Sep
PMID:Lung border sweep upon phrenic stimulation: dynamic fall in pleural liquid pressure. 278 Nov 72

In a review of 10 patients with superior segmental optic nerve hypoplasia, all of whom were the children of diabetic mothers, 17 of 20 eyes had one or more of four characteristic findings in the optic disc: relative superior entrance of the central retinal artery, pallor of the superior disc, superior peripapillary halo, and thinning of the superior peripapillary nerve fiber layer. We believe that the presence of these four signs of superior segmental optic nerve hypoplasia strongly suggests maternal diabetes.
Arch Ophthalmol 1989 Sep
PMID:Superior segmental optic hypoplasia. A sign of maternal diabetes. 278 63

Noninvasive measurement of myocardial blood flow in absolute terms (i.e., milliliters per gram per min) has been difficult to accomplish despite the intrinsically quantitative power of positron emission tomography because of the nonphysiologic nature of tracers that have been employed conventionally as well as the limited spatial resolution of currently available instruments. It was previously demonstrated that myocardial blood flow in animals can be quantitated accurately with the diffusible tracer oxygen-15-labeled water (H2(15)O) when the arterial input function and myocardial radiotracer concentration were measured directly. To extend the approach for completely noninvasive measurement of blood flow, a parameter estimation procedure was developed whereby effects of limited tomographic spatial resolution and cardiac motion were compensated for within the operational flow model. In validation studies in 18 dogs, myocardial blood flow measured with positron emission tomography after intravenously administered H2(15)O correlated closely with flow measured with concomitantly administered radiolabeled microspheres over the range of 0.29 to 5.04 ml/g per min (r = 0.95). Although regional ischemia was clearly identifiable tomographically, absolute flow could not be determined accurately in ischemic regions in four dogs because of poor count statistics related to wall thinning. Subsequently, myocardial blood flow was measured in 11 normal human subjects. Flow was homogeneous throughout the myocardium, averaged 0.90 +/- 0.22 ml/g per min at rest and increased to 3.55 +/- 1.15 ml/g per min after intravenous administration of dipyridamole. Therefore, positron emission tomography with H2 15O and the approach developed permits noninvasive measurement of myocardial blood flow in absolute terms in humans and should facilitate objective assessment of interventions designed to enhance nutritive perfusion.
J Am Coll Cardiol 1989 Sep
PMID:Noninvasive quantitation of myocardial blood flow in human subjects with oxygen-15-labeled water and positron emission tomography. 278 69

Changes in the mechanical properties of pig skin have been studied in vivo, using a dermal extensometer, after irradiation with a single dose of 18 Gy of X rays. There was no significant change in the stiffness of irradiated skin, when compared with unirradiated skin, until 9 weeks after irradiation when the irradiated skin was significantly stiffer. This effect was also found at 12 and 15 weeks after irradiation. When the increase in skin thickness, as a consequence of oedema, was taken into account a significant increase in the unrelaxed elastic modulus of irradiated skin was only seen at 12 and 15 weeks after irradiation. There were no significant changes in force relaxation, after extension of the skin, over this time period. After the resolution of oedema, which was associated with a significant 20% reduction in the thickness of irradiated skin relative to unirradiated skin, the mechanical properties of irradiated skin were not markedly different from those of unirradiated skin. However, between 30 and 39 weeks after irradiation there was a further wave of dermal thinning, resulting in a total reduction in the thickness of irradiated skin relative to unirradiated skin of 26%. This was associated with a rapid rise in the skin stiffness and unrelaxed elastic modulus by approximately 65 and approximately 140%, respectively. It was only at these late times after irradiation that the force relaxation of the skin was modified significantly. At 9 and 12 weeks after irradiation the reduction in skin stiffness and the unrelaxed elastic modulus were dose related. Based on the percentage of fields showing a significant reduction in these biomechanical parameters, ED50 values of between 12 and 14.5 Gy were established. This would appear to be a sensitive method for assessing radiation-induced dermal changes since few gross changes are observed in this dose range.
Br J Radiol 1989 Sep
PMID:The effects of single doses of X rays on the mechanical properties of pig skin in vivo. 279 Apr 23

During the period 1 January 1980 to 30 June 1986, a total of 543 small-intestinal biopsy specimens from adults with gastrointestinal symptoms were available for routine analysis with correlated scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. Adhesion of microorganisms was found in 77 biopsy specimens. Microorganisms in 64 specimens were classified as bacteria, in 10 as microfungi and in 4 as protozoa, including 1 specimen with both bacteria and microfungi. The structural types of bacteria found were morphologically cocciform, 8; short rod-shaped, 14; and long rod-shaped, 43. One specimen demonstrated adhesion of two structural types of bacteria. Bacteria were found in specimens from all age groups in roughly equal frequency. There was no difference in villus structure when comparing specimens from the groups with and without adhering bacteria, whereas ultrastructural alteration--that is, thinning of glycocalyx layer--was significantly more frequent in the group with bacteria. Moreover, within the group of specimens with bacteria the presence of long rod-shaped bacteria was associated with both damage of villus structure and deviation of cell surface ultrastructure. An increased amount of neutrophil granulocytes as an indicator of acute inflammation was found in 6 of 51 specimens with bacterial adhesion but in none of a matched reference material. In contrast, the amount of plasma cells and lymphocytes in the lamina propria and the amount of intraepithelial lymphocytes did not differ.
Scand J Gastroenterol 1989 Sep
PMID:Adhesion of bacteria to the human small-intestinal mucosa. A scanning electron microscopic study. 279 90

The height (thickness) of epicardial fat has been measured in histological slides at 10 standard "measuring points" in 200 human hearts. The 172 male and 28 female hearts were obtained from unselected autopsy material of the Institut of Pathology of the hospital groups "Bergmannsheil" in Bochum. The thickness of the epicardial fat on the surface of the right ventricle varies in histological paraffin slides between 0 and 13.6 mm. The mean of all 2,000 measurements is 2.19 mm, the median 1.7 mm. The mean values of the measurements at each of the standard points ranges between 0.851 mm at point No. 6 (dorso-caudal at the middle of the septum) and 4.12 mm at point No. 2 (sharp heart edge close to the bases). The lowest mean figure of the fat layer thickness is found in the dorso-caudal (diaphragmatic) region of the ventricular wall alongside the septum. At this point 0 thickness (fat-free area) is observed most frequently. The highest mean value and also the highest absolute measurement of fat layer thickness are found along the sharp heart edge - the ventro-lateral edge of the right ventricle - decrease from the heart bases to the apex. The average values of the standard "measuring points" along the ventral surface of the ventricular wall which decrease gradually from the heart bases to the apex, lie somewhere between the average values of the test points of the ventricle edge and the dorso-caudal surface close to the septum. In women, the epicardial fat layer on the right ventricle is, on average, thicker than that in men - ratio 1.65:1. A correlation can be seen between the thickness of the subcutaneous and epicardial fatty tissue layers. The weight of the ventricle wall can be increased in the case of marked fat development, and in exceptional cases the whole heart weight may be positively affected. Between age of 40 and death the thickness of the epicardial fat generally undergoes no statistical change. There is no statistical influence of the thickness of epicardial fat on the age at death, no is there any correlation between cause of death and thickness of the epicardial fat, and the epicardial fat is not diminished in deceased cancer patients. In the case of hypertrophy of the right ventricle there are no differences in the thickness of the fat layer as compared with the non-hypertrophic left ventricle. Chronic decompensated insufficiency of the right ventricle is associated with thinning of the fatty layer. No relationship is found between epicardial fat layer thickness and pathological silicosis in ex-miners.
Pneumologie 1989 Sep
PMID:[Epicardial fatty tissue of the right ventricle--morphology, morphometry and functional significance]. 281 3


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