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Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Digitised M-mode echocardiography was used to study the changes in left ventricular diastolic function over a 3-year period in 11 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy an 14 normals. Compared to normal, in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, isovolumic relaxation was prolonged (P less than 0.001) and mitral valve opening delayed relative to minimum dimension (P less than 0.001). There was a wide range of values for the peak rates of dimension increase and wall thinning, and although the means were normal, 6 and 8 patients respectively were outside the normal range. There were no significant mean changes in function during the 3.4 +/- 0.3 years of follow-up, but, in 3 patients, marked alterations in relaxation were observed. They showed a gross reduction in the delay in mitral valve opening (125 to 55 125 to 35 and 110 to 75 msec). There was little overall change in isovolumic relaxation in two, but in one patient it reduced from 95 to 50 msec. In most patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, relaxation and diastolic function appear to remain stable over a period of 3 years, and none had an apparent deterioration. Some patients may have an apparently spontaneous "improvement" in function similar in extent to that described due to the therapeutic action of calcium antagonists.
Int J Cardiol 1985 Jul
PMID:Longitudinal changes in left ventricular diastolic function in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. 404 Apr 99

In conclusion, the data shows that in excellent quality studies such as those obtained in vitro, 3D echocardiography is as accurate in describing the volume of the left ventricle as is angiography. When excellent quality images are obtained, the endocardial wall motion, wall thickening and thinning are better described. This, in addition to echocardiography's promise of visualizing coronary perfusion regions using contrast agents and of detecting ultrasound tissue signatures of diseased myocardium give 3D echocardiography a very bright potential in research. Since ACCURACY is of utmost importance in defining the extent of wall motion defects for evaluation of therapeutic interventions, 3D reconstruction in the short term can only be beneficial in those patients who have excellent quality studies. In the evaluation of patients with valvular disease where changes in absolute volume may herald deterioration before change in ejection fraction, 3D echocardiography may find a more immediate role. In this situation, although there is still a degree of variability, predicted volumes are as good as those predicted from any other technique.
Int J Cardiol 1985 Jan
PMID:Three-dimensional echocardiographic reconstruction: how does it stack up? 405 40

Two-dimensional echocardiography was applied experimentally in a closed chest dog model with intact pericardium to determine the location, magnitude and extent of contractile response during pacing from discrete ventricular sites. Midventricular short-axis tomographic images obtained during regular sinus rhythm and subsequent premature ventricular beats provided comparative measurements of global and segmental systolic changes of cross-sectional luminal areas and myocardial wall thickness. Computer-assisted standardized analysis of segmental systolic fractional area change and wall thickening was used to map left ventricular contraction during normal rhythm and premature beats of 70% coupling interval, induced alternately from anterior and lateral aspects of the mid-left ventricular short-axis cross-sectional plane. A characteristic pattern consisting of early systolic contraction and wall thickening was followed by paradoxical motion and wall thinning in late systole in segments corresponding to the region of direct electrical stimulation. Statistical analysis of segment by segment function indicated a maximal amount of premature beat contractile derangement at the site of the stimuli. Pacing from a right ventricular wall site in the midventricular plane caused a similar premature beat response at the anterior aspect of the interventricular septum. It is concluded that two-dimensional echographic analysis of segmental ventricular function can identify the location of electrical stimuli, and thus might noninvasively characterize regional patterns of contraction associated with ectopic foci during arrhythmias.
J Am Coll Cardiol 1983 Mar
PMID:Characterization of left ventricular mechanical function during arrhythmias by two-dimensional echocardiography. II. Location of the site of onset of premature ventricular systoles. 618 13

The coronary arteries from 70 consecutive patients in whom percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) had not been performed during life were examined at necropsy for findings that have been previously described in patients or animals treated with PTA. In 33 (49%) of the 70 patients, 1 or more findings identical to those observed in necropsy studies of PTA-treated arteries were observed: "plaque fractures" in 31 (44%), "dissection clefts" in 26 (33%), and extensive medial thinning in 40 (57%). Observations in these 70 patients indicate that findings previously described in PTA-treated patients cannot necessarily be assumed to represent the results of PTA. The fact that improved vessel patency may be seen in the absence as well as the presence of such lesions precludes firm assurance that such lesions are the sole basis for successful angioplasty.
Am J Cardiol 1983 Mar 01
PMID:Frequency in nonangioplasty patients of morphologic findings reported in coronary arteries treated with transluminal angioplasty. 621 68

Systolic wall thickening abnormalities are sensitive indicators of ischemia and infarction. One purpose of this investigation was to assess the relation between coronary risk area, infarct size and wall thickening abnormalities (dyskinesia) using 2-dimensional echocardiography (2-D echo) in a closed-chest conscious dog model of acute myocardial infarction. The second purpose was to study the effects of systemic hypertension (SH) and left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy on these relations. Our hypothesis was that the infarct size and the extent of 2D echocardiographic dyskinesia would be quantitatively different in SH-LV hypertrophy, a condition in which coronary vascular reserve is diminished. Permanent circumflex coronary occlusion was performed in 15 conscious normal dogs and in 14 dogs with LV hypertrophy secondary to renal hypertension. Two-dimensional echocardiograms were obtained before, 20 minutes after and 2 days after coronary occlusion. The systolic wall thickening along 12 equidistant radii was analyzed in short-axis images. Percent dyskinesia on 2-D echo was defined as the percentage of radii showing systolic thinning. Infarct size was determined pathologically and risk area was determined angiographically. For a given risk area, coronary occlusion resulted in a larger infarction in dogs with SH-LV hypertrophy than in normal dogs (p less than 0.05). Two-dimensional echocardiographic dyskinesia correlated well with infarct size both at 20 minutes (r = 0.92) and 2 days (r = 0.94); dyskinesia modestly overestimated the infarct size and underestimated the risk area. The relations were similar in both normal and SH-LV hypertrophy groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Am J Cardiol 1983 Dec 01
PMID:Relations between 2-dimensional echocardiographic wall thickening abnormalities, myocardial infarct size and coronary risk area in normal and hypertrophied myocardium in dogs. 622 35

Verapamil has a negative inotropic action in isolated cardiac muscle. Its effects on left ventricular function were tested in 25 patients with suspected coronary artery disease. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study design was used. Verapamil (0.2 mg/kg over 10 minutes) significantly lowered mean arterial pressure (from 105 to 89 mm Hg) while increasing the cardiac index (from 2.8 to 3.1 liters/min/m2). No statistically significant effect was seen on heart rate, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure or end-systolic volume index, ejection fraction, peak rates of systolic wall thickening or diastolic wall thinning, or percentage of hemiaxial shortening. However, there was a small increase in the left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (from 94 to 102 ml/m2). Important findings were a reduction in systemic vascular resistance (from 39 to 30 U . m2), an increase in left ventricular end-diastolic volume index consistent with a negative inotropic effect, and no evidence of improved regional wall dynamics in portions of the left ventricular wall considered hypokinetic because of myocardial ischemia.
Am J Cardiol 1983 Apr
PMID:Effect of verapamil on left ventricular function: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. 634 Apr 53

The effect of early short-term exercise on late scar formation of myocardial infarction is unknown. Therefore, rats anesthetized with ether underwent proximal left coronary artery occlusion. Infarct extent was assessed 24 hours later by electrocardiographic criteria (QRS morphology). Immediately after electrocardiography, the rats were divided into two groups. Group 1 rats (n = 8) were subjected to daily graded swimming (up to 45 minutes a day) starting 24 hours after coronary occlusion for a total of 7 days followed by 2 weeks of nonswimming. Group 2 rats (n = 7) served as a control group and were not subjected to swimming. Twenty-one days after coronary occlusion, the rats were anesthetized, their heart excised and wall thickness determined histologically. Noninfarcted septal wall thickness was similar in both Groups 1 and 2. A ratio for transmural infarcts was obtained from multiple measurements by dividing scar thickness by noninfarcted septal wall thickness. Ratio of scar thickness divided by noninfarcted wall thickness for the control (nonswimming) group was 0.48 +/- 0.05 (mean +/- standard error of the mean); however, in the exercise (swimming) group, there was marked scar thinning with a ratio of 0.25 +/- 0.02 (mean +/- standard error of the mean, p less than 0.001). Infarct extent assessed by planimetry as percent of left ventricular slices was similar in both groups. Thus, early short-term swimming exercise during the first week after experimental myocardial infarction even when followed by 2 weeks without swimming, has long-lasting effects on scar formation.
J Am Coll Cardiol 1983 Nov
PMID:Short-term exercise has a prolonged effect on scar formation after experimental acute myocardial infarction. 663 Jul 75

Quantitative regional wall motion analyses of 2-dimensional echocardiograms (2-D echo) have usually focused on large arcs (greater than 45 degrees) of the left ventricular (LV) perimeter rather than on small LV zones. Few studies have assessed changes in wall thickness. To determine normal ranges of regional LV function, the endocardial and epicardial contours of short-axis 2-D echoes obtained at the papillary muscle level of 10 normal subjects were manually traced. Then, 15 patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) were studied, comparing their contours at admission with ranges determined from the normal subjects. In all patients with MI, 2-D echoes located abnormal wall motion involving at least the region identified as abnormal by the electrocardiogram and often extending into adjacent regions. All 9 patients with transmural MI had either decreased wall thickening or abnormal endocardial wall motion; all except 1 had focal thinning in the region of the MI. Of the 6 patients with nontransmural MI, 2 had abnormal endocardial wall motion, and all had decreased wall thickening. Evaluating regional wall motion at multiple points around the LV circumference should permit more precise delineation of LV function in health and disease than has been heretofore possible.
Am J Cardiol 1983 Nov 01
PMID:Quantitative computer-assisted analysis of left ventricular wall thickening and motion by 2-dimensional echocardiography in acute myocardial infarction. 663 49

When fed furazolidone, 700 ppm, with their mash, most turkey poults develop dilated cardiomyopathy characterized by gross left ventricular dilatation with thinning of both the left ventricular free wall and ventricular septum. Birds fed propranolol, but not digoxin, did not develop this cardiomyopathy. It is not known what pharmacologic property of propranolol conferred protection or if mammals would receive similar protection.
Am J Cardiol 1983 Sep 01
PMID:Protection of turkeys against furazolidone-induced cardiomyopathy. 668 89

The calcium channel blocking agent, nifedipine, has been shown to improve indexes of left ventricular relaxation, diastolic filling and compliance in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The mechanism of action of nifedipine on diastolic properties in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is unclear and could result from an improvement in myocardial inactivation or from systemic vasodilation and left ventricular unloading. To distinguish between these mechanisms, the effects of nifedipine and the vasodilator nitroprusside on left ventricular diastolic properties were compared in 10 patients with nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy using simultaneous micromanometer left ventricular pressure and echocardiographic measurements. Left ventricular peak systolic pressure was comparable during nitroprusside infusion (132 +/- 38 mm Hg) and after nifedipine (132 +/- 32 mm Hg). During nitroprusside infusion, the decrease in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (22 +/- 11 to 17 +/- 11 mm Hg, p less than 0.05) was associated with a decrease in left ventricular end-diastolic dimension. In contrast, the decrease in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure after nifedipine (22 +/- 11 to 18 +/- 10 mm Hg, p less than 0.05) was associated with no reduction of left ventricular end-diastolic dimensions, suggesting an increase in left ventricular distensibility. Compared with nitroprusside, nifedipine was associated with less prolongation of the left ventricular isovolumic relaxation time and less depression of the peak left ventricular posterior wall thinning rate and peak left ventricular internal dimension filling rate. These data suggest that the effects of the calcium channel blocker, nifedipine, on diastolic mechanics in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy result not only from systemic vasodilation but also from improved cardiac muscle inactivation.
J Am Coll Cardiol 1983 Nov
PMID:Comparison of the effects of nitroprusside and nifedipine on diastolic properties in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: altered left ventricular loading or improved muscle inactivation? 668 50


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