Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Currently, techniques for managing western pine beetle, Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae), infestations are limited to tree removals (thinning) that reduce stand density and presumably host susceptibility, and/or the use of insecticides to protect individual trees. There continues to be significant interest in developing an effective semiochemical-based tool for protecting trees from D. brevicomis attack, largely as an alternative to conventional insecticides. The responses of D. brevicomis to tree volatiles and verbenone were documented in eight experiments (trapping assays) conducted over a 4-yr period in which 88,942 individuals were collected. Geraniol, a tree volatile unique to Pinus ponderosa that elicits female-specific antennal responses in D. brevicomis, did not affect D. brevicomis behavior. Blends of two green leaf alcohols [hexanol + (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol] tested at two release rates (5.0 and 100.0 mg/d) had no effect on the response of D. brevicomis to attractant-baited traps. A nine-component blend [benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, guaiacol, nonanal, salicylaldehyde, (E)-2-hexenal, (E)-2-hexen-1-ol, (Z)-2-hexen-1-ol, and (-) -verbenone; NAVV] and subsequent revisions of this blend disrupted the response of D. brevicomis to attractant-baited traps in all experiments. The inhibitory effect of a revised five-component blend [nonanal, (E)-2-hexenal, (E)-2-hexen-1-ol, (Z)-2-hexen-1-ol, and (-)-verbenone; NAVV5] on the response of mountain pine beetle, D. ponderosae Hopkins, to attractant-baited traps was also documented. Acetophenone significantly reduced D. brevicomis attraction, but was not as effective as verbenone alone. Acetophenone increased the effectiveness of NAVV5 in one of two experiments. Furthermore, by adding acetophenone to NAVV5 we were able to remove the aldehydes from NAVV5 without compromising effectiveness, resulting in a novel four-component blend [acetophenone, (E)-2-hexen-1-ol + (Z)-2-hexen-1-ol, and (-)-verbenone; Verbenone Plus]. We discuss the implications of these and other results to development of Verbenone Plus as a semiochemical-based tool for management of D. brevicomis and D. ponderosae infestations.
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PMID:Responses of Dendroctonus brevicomis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in behavioral assays: implications to development of a semiochemical-based tool for tree protection. 2242 Feb 67

A novel hydrogel (HA-az-F127 hydrogel) formed by reacting hydrazide modified hyaluronic acid (HAAD) and benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) was developed in this work. The hydrogel with dynamic covalent chemically and micellar physically double-cross-linked networks exhibited rapid gelation and shear thinning properties. Besides, the hydrogel possessed functions, such as adaptable mechanical strength, self-healability, liquid-absorption, or drainage and tissue adhesion, which are important for wound treatment. Studies on cytocompatibility and histopathology by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide tests, live/death staining, and cell counting kit 8 assay demonstrated excellent biocompatibility of the hydrogels. After it was applied in the deep partial-thickness burn model, the hydrogel contributed effectively in promoting burn wound repair. Therefore, the HA-az-F127 hydrogel combined multiple functions in one system, demonstrating potential application in promoting burn wound healing.
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PMID:Hydrogel Cross-Linked with Dynamic Covalent Bonding and Micellization for Promoting Burn Wound Healing. 2998 26

Surgical sealants suitable for wounds with non-flat complex geometries are still a challenge to fulfill clinical requirements. Herein, a novel fit-to-shape sealant enhanced by photo-initiated crosslinking was developed utilizing maleic anhydride modified chitosan (MCS), benzaldehyde-terminated PEG (PEGDF) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA). Initially, the shear-thinning hydrogel prepared through the Schiff-base linkage between MCS and PEGDF could be injected into target sites, remolded to conform to a wound with non-flat complex geometry, and remain on the wound, avoiding adverse liquid leakage. Under illumination with ultra-violet (UV) light, the hydrogel was solidified in situ rapidly to adopt the wound contour and enhanced in adhesive strength to seal defects of the tissue. In addition, the hydrogel exhibits stability in extreme pH environments (pH = 1) and has potential to treat wounds inside the stomach with the existence of gastric acid. Moreover, the hydrogel can be applied as adhesive wound dressings through in situ 3D printing. Taken together, the fit-to-shape sealant enhanced by photo-initiated crosslinking can be considered as promising tissue adhesives for wound closure and other biomedical applications.
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PMID:A shear-thinning adhesive hydrogel reinforced by photo-initiated crosslinking as a fit-to-shape tissue sealant. 3157 99