Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Congenital angular deformity of the tibia (CADT) is one of the classic inborn errors. The treatment of the disease is very difficult because of insufficient clinical and experimental data and lack of complete experimental model of the disease. The present study is designed to establish a new experimental model of CADT. In vivo experiment: Only one injection of ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate (EHDP) (4 X 10(-2)-4 X 10(-1) mumol/g egg wt.) was given into the yolk sac of fertile white leghorn egg at 8 days of incubation. The skeletal deformities of the chick embryos were examined during the period of EHDP-administration until hatching. Furthermore, the effect of EHDP was compared with that of its analogs (dichloromethylene diphosphonate: Cl2MDP and inorganic pyrophosphate: PPi) in a similar manner. In vitro experiment: Tibiae from 9-day-old chick embryos were cultured at 37 degrees C for 6 days by roller-tube method in the medium containing EHDP, Cl2MDP or PPi at concentrations of 4-400 microM to measure dry weight and calcium content of the tibiae. The results are summarized as follows. Angular deformity of the tibia in chick embryo was produced in vivo specifically by EHDP-administration compared to its analogs. There existed the critical stage of bone development and the critical dose of EHDP-administration to induce angular deformity of the tibia. The incidence and the severity of the tibial bowing depended on the dose of EHDP-administration. The thinning of periosteal bone collar and retardation of primary bone marrow formation were observed in EHDP-administered tibia. According to 3H-thymidine autoradiographic study, EHDP inhibited DNA synthesis of osteoblast by about 58% after 2 days of administration. The DNA synthesis of chondrocyte was also inhibited by about 20% after 2 days of EHDP-administration. EHDP had a more inhibitory effect on calcification of chick embryonic tibiae than Cl2MDP and PPi at concentration of 40 microM without influencing the dry weight of tibiae in vitro. This new experimental model of CADT offers a significant possibility to elucidate the etiology of this disease.
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PMID:[Congenital angular deformity of the tibia in chick embryo induced by ethane-1-hydroxy-1, 1-diphosphonate (EHDP)]. 644 26

We determined the effects of subsoiling on woody lateral roots and enzyme activities involved in stem carbon metabolism of 90- to 100-year-old Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi Grev. and Balf.) growing on the eastern side of the California Sierra Nevada Range. Twelve 1.0-ha plots were established on each of two sites. Four site treatments-thinning and subsoiling entire plots, thinning and no subsoiling, thinning and subsoiling skid trails only, and no thinning or subsoiling (undisturbed control)-were replicated three times on each site. Root excavations and assays of stem cambium sucrose metabolizing enzymes were carried out during the summer and fall of 1994 and 1995. Subsoiled plots had more roots < 1 cm in diameter exhibiting dieback than undisturbed plots. No relationship was found for stem cambial sucrose synthase (SS) activity among treatments or sites; however, a strong seasonal pattern was observed. Activity of pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase (PPi-PFK) was seasonal, whereas ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase (ATP-PFK) activity was constant throughout the seasons. Neither of the PFK activities responded to treatment or site. Among plots, ergosterol, a surrogate for estimating live fungal biomass, was present in highest concentrations in soil and rhizosphere samples from subsoiled plots.
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PMID:Effects of subsoiling on lateral roots, sucrose metabolizing enzymes, and soil ergosterol in two Jeffrey pine stands. 1487 95