Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A histological method of ranking topical steroid preparations according to the degree of epidermal thinning they cause in pig skin has been shown to be applicable to human skin. A 0-05% ointment of the new compound, clobetasone butyrate (Molivate), has been shown to cause less thinning than either fluocinolone acetonide 0-025% (Synalar) or flurandrenolone 0-0125% (Haelan) when applied without the use of occlusive dressings for 3 weeks to the human forearm.
Br J Dermatol 1976 Mar
PMID:Experimentally induced steroid atrophy in the domestic pig and man. 126 70

A ratchet-controlled micrometer screw gauge has been used to measure the changes in skin thickness produced by topical corticosteroids. Measurable thinning of the mouse ear followed repeated daily application of corticosteroids. This response in the animal was used to assess the atrophic potential in a variety of standard formulations. The same compounds were applied to human skin and the changes in thickness measured. Patterns of response and the rank order of thinning obtained from the animal model were found to parallel closely the human results.
Br J Dermatol 1976 Mar
PMID:Steroid-induced atrophy in an animal and human model. 126 71

Hydrocortisone administered systemically for 3 weeks has no effect on any phase of epidermal cell proliferation as measured by autoradiographic methods. However, the speed of cell differentiation (maturation) is increased, resulting in a thinning of the living epidermis due to the shorter epidermal cell life. Comparison of the epidermis from two body sites (ear and sole of foot) in mice receiving 2.4 mug per gm body weight per day of hydrocortisone in drinking water for 3 weeks revealed no change in the labeling with [3H]thymidine, the mitotic indices, or the lengths of the cell cycle phases. Quantitation of the epidermal cell compartments showed that thinning of the epidermis with hydrocortisone was due to the loss of an identical number of differentiating epidermal cells per unit surface from both body sites. In both sites there was the same increased rate of maturation of postmitotic cells while the proliferative cell-pool remained unresponsive to the hormone. The alteration of the speed of cell maturation is the principal action of hydrocortisone in epidermis. The results indicate that the epidermal cellular concentration of, and the susceptibility to, the hormone were identical in ear and sole of foot despite the differing speeds of turnover of the two tissues.
J Invest Dermatol 1976 Apr
PMID:Selective action of hydrocortisone on postmitotic epidermal cells in vivo. 127 Aug 32

Restrictive dermopathy is a rare, lethal genodermatosis, characterized by a thin, tightly adherent skin which causes a dysmorphic facies, arthrogryposis and respiratory insufficiency. The recorded cases to date show a remarkable phenotypic similarity. Thinning of the dermis and the arrangement of collagen in parallel bundles appear to be constant findings. We have found many dead and degenerating fibroblasts in the dermis on ultrastructural examination, and have demonstrated their poor growth in vitro. Studies of collagen from a skin sample showed a marked increase in mature cross-links, indicating a decrease in skin collagen turnover. These findings suggest a primary disorder of fibroblasts, and may explain the apparent arrest in growth and differentiation of the skin which appears to be important in the pathogenesis of this rare condition.
Br J Dermatol 1992 Dec
PMID:Restrictive dermopathy: a disorder of fibroblasts. 147 23

Hair transplantation in females, to thicken discrete areas of thinning, reconstitute a hairline, or cover scars from previous facial surgery, is a viable treatment option. Techniques dealing with hair transplantation in females are discussed.
J Dermatol Surg Oncol 1992 Jun
PMID:Hair transplantation in females. 159 99

Successful aesthetic treatment of earlier thinning of scalp hair in men and women has necessitated the development of alternatives to traditional punch grafting. The hair-bearing "serrated island" remaining between two parallel rows of round donor sites can be removed and dissected to yield a large number of "serrated island grafts" and single-hair grafts. These miniature grafts, along with half grafts from bisected plugs, can be placed, in one or several sessions, into dozens to hundreds of small "slits" between the remaining hairs in patients with early or advanced thinning on the crown, vertex, or anterior scalp--hence the name "slit grafting." The versatility of this technique is demonstrated by its value for patients with dark hair and light skin, in repair work, in patients necessitating extensive vertex coverage, or in combination with alopecia reduction and traditional punch grafting. The finely tufted progressive growth from hundreds of these carefully placed slit grafts can thus counteract further hair loss in a variety of different situations.
J Dermatol Surg Oncol 1991 Mar
PMID:Slit grafting: the use of serrated island grafts in male and female-pattern alopecia. 200 45

Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) suppresses the synthesis of collagen by fibroblasts in vitro and the synthesis of collagen in vivo in animal models. Therefore, recombinant human IFN-gamma was examined for its ability to clinically modify keloids. Subjects were treated by injection of either 0.01 or 0.1 mg of recombinant human IFN-gamma into one lesional site and diluent alone into another lesional site three times per week for 3 weeks. Keloids were measured and photographed before beginning therapy and weekly thereafter. Three days after the final injection, biopsies were performed on treated and control sites. Six of eight subjects who finished the course of treatment demonstrated reduction in size at the treated site with an average reduction in height of 30.4% vs 1.1% for control sites. Lesions treated with recombinant human IFN-gamma demonstrated alterations in both the epidermis and dermis. The epidermis showed thinning of the suprapapillary plates, compact hyperkeratosis, focal or diffuse parakeratosis, exocytosis of lymphocytes, and an increased quantity of mucin. The dermis contained a diminished quantity of thickened collagen bundles and active fibroblasts and an increased number of inflammatory cells and quantity of mucin. These results suggest the feasibility of using IFN-gamma in the treatment of abnormal fibrosis. Dose-ranging studies are required to establish whether IFN-gamma can fulfill a true clinical need in the treatment of keloidal scarring.
Arch Dermatol 1990 Oct
PMID:A controlled trial of intralesional recombinant interferon-gamma in the treatment of keloidal scarring. Clinical and histologic findings. 212 Nov 4

Twelve cases of pachyonychia congenita were reviewed. The mode of inheritance was autosomal dominant. The clinical features of these patients included thickened nails, hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles, thinning of hair or alopecia, painful bullae or ulcerations of the palms and soles, leukokeratosis oris, verrucous lesions of the extremities, hyperhidrosis, premature eruption of teeth, paronychial infections, epidermal cysts with milia, and corneal dyskeratosis at times associated with cataracts. Biopsy from the plantar lesions usually revealed marked hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, moderate hypergranulosis, and minimal dermal inflammatory infiltration. Treatment with keratolytic agents and lubricants is indicated to areas of palmar and plantar hyperkeratosis but usually produces only transient benefit. Squamous cell carcinoma developed in one of the patients over the site of chronic plantar ulcerations. Areas of chronic bullous formation or ulceration should be observed for possible skin malignancy.
Pediatr Dermatol 1990 Mar
PMID:Pachyonychia congenita: a clinical study of 12 cases and review of the literature. 214 Apr 47

An open clinical study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-photoageing efficacy of topical tretinoin. A length of cream of approximately 1 cm was applied to the face daily in the evening for 6 months: during month 1 of therapy 0.01% tretinoin cream was administered; 0.025% was given during month 2; and 0.05% was given in months 3-6. The clinical symptoms of photoageing (coarse wrinkling, fine wrinkling, skin thinning, mottled hyperpigmentation, laxity and xerosis) were evaluated before and after therapy. A total of 19.1% of patients withdrew from the study; only 5.6% were for treatment-related reasons. At the end of the treatment period all the clinical parameters, except xerosis, were improved. The amount of improvement varied, but only 4.2% of patients failed to show any improvement. Tolerability was excellent in 51.4% of patients, good in 44.4% and fair in 4.2%, and compliance was excellent in 47.0% of patients, good in 48.5% and fair in 4.5%. Tolerability and compliance were improved by applying the same amount of cream each day but increasing the concentration of tretinoin over the 6-month period. Silicone skin replicas of the same area of skin taken before and after treatment, analysed by scanning electron microscopy, profilometry and computer image analysis, showed a decrease in the width of wrinkles, and an improvement in skin texture and follicle density.
Br J Dermatol 1990 Apr
PMID:The treatment of visible signs of senescence: the Italian experience. 218 93

The nasolabial flap is a useful reconstructive technique for the repair of defects on the nose. An improved technique used in 32 patients is presented, which allows use of this procedure as a single-stage rather than the more commonly seen two-stage procedure. The alterations include the following: (1) the excision of a Burow's triangle superior edge of the defect toward the inner canthus; (2) the use of a periosteal or suspension suture to minimize tenting across the concave junction of the nose and cheek; (3) wide undermining of the skin surrounding the defect to create a stabilizing platelike scar; (4) significant thinning of the donor flap; and (5) adjust the size of the flap to recreate the original preincisional skin tension on the flap after suturing. None of the 32 patients presented required a second-stage procedure to correct trapdoor defects or to recreate natural folds or creases.
Arch Dermatol 1990 Nov
PMID:The nasolabial flap as a single-stage procedure. 224 Nov 96


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>