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Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Left ventricular aneurysm is a common complication of myocardial infarction. The most common type of aneurysm is a true aneurysm which forms after transmural infarction by gradual thinning and expanding of the scarred left ventricular wall. Its distinctive features are that of a large-mouthed sac containing all layers of ventricular wall. A rare type of aneurysm is the "false" or pseudoaneurysm of the left ventricle that develops from rupture of recently infarcted myocardial wall forming a localized haemopericardium confined by parietal pericardium. Pathologically, there is a small narrow-necked channel connecting the ventricle with a large sac consisting of only clot and fibrous pericardial tissue without any myocardial elements. Pseudoaneurysms are distinguished from the true variety by their marked tendency to rupture. Because surgical repair of a pseudoaneurysm is often successful, it is important to make the diagnosis of this entity as early as possible. Two-dimensional echocardiography in combination with Doppler-flow is the mainstay of clinical diagnosis.
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PMID:[Ventricular pseudoaneurysm after acute myocardial infarction]. 292 62

Left ventricular aneurysm (LVA) remains a poorly understood entity, often resulting in congestive failure that is not consistently improved by standard resection with linear closure. Although other surgical approaches have been proposed, current methods to assess their effect on left ventricular function are not adequate. The purpose of the present study was to quantitatively define regional systolic function in patients with LVA and to assess acute changes in regional function after standard repair. Seven patients underwent resection of an anteroapical LVA. Intraoperative two-dimensional echocardiography was performed off cardiopulmonary bypass immediately before and after resection. In all patients, short-axis views at the papillary muscle (apex) level showed anteroseptal paradox and distorted geometry, whereas at the mitral valve (base), symmetric wall motion and geometry were preserved. Videotaped echo images were divided into octants by a floating axis fitted to internal landmarks. Myocardial area and midwall perimeter were obtained for each octant, and wall thickness was calculated at end diastole (ED), isovolumetric systole (IS), and end systole (ES). Wall thickening (delta t) for each segment was calculated as the percent increase in thickness from ED and averaged for all seven patients. At the apex level before resection, isovolumetric thinning occurred in the aneurysm as well as bordering segments, with delta t ranging from -17 +/- 5% (+/- SEM) in the anteroseptal segment to 12 +/- 6% posterolaterally (p less than 0.05). The isovolumetric bulge was followed by late-systolic thickening, however, with delta t ranging from 13 +/- 7% to 27 +/- 8% (NS).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Quantitative analysis of regional systolic function with left ventricular aneurysm. 316 93

Free wall rupture of the left ventricle (LV) is a rare but life-threatening complication of acute myocardial infaction. Very rarely such rupture may be contained by the adhering pericardium creating a pseudoaneurysm. This condition warrants for an emergency surgery. Left ventricular aneurysm is the discrete thinning of the ventricular wall (<5 mm) with akinetic or dyskinetic wall motion causing an out-pouching of the ventricle. Given the propensity for pseudoaneurysms to rupture leading to cardiac tamponade, shock, and death, compared with a more benign natural history for true aneurysms, accurate diagnosis of these conditions is important. True aneurysm, usually, calls for an elective surgery. Clinically differentiating the two conditions remains a challenge. We report the case of a patient with LV pseudoaneurysm, initially diagnosed as true aneurysm at our institution. We have attempted to review the existing literature and discussed the characteristic findings of each entity.
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PMID:Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm versus aneurysm a diagnosis dilemma. 2675 Jun 96