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Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the single individual the central corneal thickness (CCT) shows only small variations. Therefore CCT has been studied in a number of corneal diseases in order to investigate if this dimension might contribute to the diagnosis or to the understanding of the pathogenesis. Normal CCT was found in hereditary dystrophies with the exception of the macular dystrophy of Groenouw (type II), which showed a significantly reduced thickness. Reduced CCT was found in chronic degenerations of leutic, tuberculous or indefinite nature. Marginal degenerations of Fuchs-Terrien type also showed reduced CCT. The possible role of abiotrophic processes in this corneal thinning is dicussed. Endothelial dysfunction is indicated by increased CCT. This occurs in bullous keratopathy and in many acute disorders. Vascularisation of the cornea does not preclude the occurrence of normal or even reduced thickness.
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PMID:Central thickness in corneal disorders. 30 91

Fifteen corneal buttons were removed at keratoplasty from patients with keratoconus who had previously undergone thermokeratoplasty (TKP). The buttons were studied with light microscopy, in an attempt to analyze the type of changes produced by TKP. The principal histologic findings in patients with retarded epithelial healing (8 of 15) included epithelial thinning, bullous keratopathy, thickening of the epithelial basement membrane, and frequent destruction of Bowman's membrane. More severely affected patients showed asceptic stromal necrosis and fibrinous iritis with hypopyon. A poor visual result in patients with normal epithelial healing (7 of 15) was caused by superficial stromal scarring or persistent inflammatory infiltrate. Vascularization was seen in only one patient.
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PMID:Alterations in corneal morphology following thermokeratoplasty. 79 73

Experimental glaucoma was produced in 50% of rabbit eyes by injecting 75 units of alphachymotrypsin into the posterior chamber. The elevation of intraocular pressure was stable, rarely exceeded 50 mm Hg, and lasted one year or longer. Progressive buphthalmos first appeared 2 to 3 weeks following injection of the enzyme. Ocular histologic changes included bullous keratopathy, iris and ciliary body atrophy, and cupping of the optic disc. The optic nerve became atrophic but no cavernous degeneration occurred. In the retina there was thinning of the nerve fiber layer and loss of ganglion cells with preservation of the other retinal elements. The mechanism leading to glaucoma following alphachymotrypsin injection is unclear. This study demonstrated formation of peripheral anterior synechiae and reduction of outflow facility within 2 weeks following injection and these factors may play a role.
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PMID:Experimental alphachymotrypsin glaucoma. 114 7

Sixty-three cases of vascularised lipid keratopathy were treated with the argon laser to occlude feeder vessels which had been identified by fluorescein angiography. There was a reduction in extent in 62% and density in 49%. Visual acuity was improved in 48%. Six patients had keratoplasties shortly after treatment, none of which showed graft rejection. Minor complications included temporary haemorrhage into the cornea and iris atrophy. A more serious problem was severe corneal thinning after resorption of lipid. The patients had to be carefully followed up and maintained on a low dose of topical steroid.
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PMID:Argon laser treatment of lipid keratopathy. 322 45

Two similar cases of severe band keratopathy are reported that occurred about 4 weeks after routine intracapsular cataract extraction with implantation of an anterior chamber intraocular lens. The calcareous deposits were removed and analysed. The cornea remained damaged because of severe, irregular thinning. The cause of the condition could not be determined.
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PMID:[Severe band keratopathy following cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation]. 342 40

We report the clinicopathologic features of seven cases of Terrien's marginal degeneration. Three specimens studied were lamellar resections and four were full-thickness corneal segments. Of the four full-thickness specimens, three were semilunar and one was an annular ("doughnut-shaped") specimen. All cases had stromal thinning, vascularization, lipid keratopathy and local absence of Bowman's membrane. Descemet's membrane was markedly thickened and the endothelium was intact. Three of the four full-thickness corneal specimens showed healed ruptures of Descemet's membrane. One specimen had four healed successive ruptures in Descemet's membrane in the same area. The corneal endothelium in that area had produced a basement membrane that totalled 35 micron in thickness. The clinical and histopathologic features of pellucid and Terrien's marginal degeneration are similar. When idiopathic peripheral corneal thinning remains clear, it is regarded as pellucid degeneration; vascularization, scarring, and lipid keratopathy are regarded as Terrien's marginal degeneration. Breaks in Descemet's membrane contribute to these latter changes.
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PMID:Terrien's marginal degeneration: clinicopathologic case reports. 356 46

A penetrating corneal graft was performed in 12 patients for corneal opacification induced by silicone oil. The patients were all aphakic. They had had vitrectomy and silicone oil injection for complicated retinal detachment, often with periretinal proliferation. The average follow-up time was 13.7 months, during which four out of 11 grafts failed (one case was lost to follow-up). One patient developed severe calcific band keratopathy, and three grafts failed from endothelial decompensation. Changes induced by silicone oil include band keratopathy, thinning, and endothelial damage. The indications for keratoplasty for these corneal changes are discussed.
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PMID:Silicone oil keratopathy: indications for keratoplasty. 388 51

Keratoglobus is a bilateral corneal disease characterised by thinning and protrusion of the entire corneal surface. The cornea is of normal size and usually transparent. Acute corneal edema due to rupture of Descemet's membrane and perforation even from minimal trauma are the most frequent complications. Keratoglobus may be associated with blue sclera, hyperextensibility of the joints or auditory problems. Most often it is a congenital disease with autosomal recessive transmission, but it may be secondarily acquired to an advanced keratopathy (keratoconus), to trauma or to exophthalmos. We report 5 cases of keratoglobus. 4 patients underwent penetrating keratoplasty. The anatomical abnormalities of congenital keratoglobus (3 cases) are constants : an absent Bowman's membrane, a disorganized stroma containing granular material, a thickened, striated Descemet's membrane with breaks, folds and verrucosities. On the other hand, acquired keratoglobus (1 case) shows localised breaks in Bowman's membrane resembling those of keratoconus. The anatomopathological differences are discussed.
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PMID:[Keratoglobus]. 388 24

A series of 41 patients with varying types and degrees of lipid keratopathy was examined and then treated with the Argon laser. This was done primarily in an attempt to prevent extension of lipid keratopathy, but secondarily to see if any clearing of lipid would occur. The results were encouraging and although the visual acuity was not improved in the majority of patients, the symptoms were alleviated in a significant number. Iris atrophy was very common after treatment, although the incidence was lowered by the use of the Abraham contact lens. Two cases of severe corneal thinning were encountered 6 months after laser application, but both responded well to corneal grafting.
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PMID:Lasering of lipid keratopathy. 696 48

Although the prognosis for obtaining a clear corneal transplant after aphakic bullous keratopathy is good, many patients do not achieve good vision primarily because of macular disease. To evaluate the visual benefit of an intraocular lens on corneal transplantation, we performed a retrospective study comparing the best attained and latest visual acuities, corneal thinning patterns, endothelial cell densities, and postkeratoplasty complications in 31 patients with aphakic bullous keratopathy, 19 patients with pseuodphakic bullous keratopathy, 44 combined transplants with cataract extraction and 5 secondary lens implants at the time of keratoplasty. We found the presence of a lens provided patients with early functional visual rehabilitation. Subsequent visual acuity was equivalent in similar corneal disease categories. The presence of a lens did not produce additional endothelial cell loss, abnormal corneal thinning patterns, or increase the incidence of complications. The removal of an intraocular lens at transplant did not affect ultimate visual prognosis. We conclude that the implantation of an intraocular lens does not increase complications after keratoplasty in selected cases.
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PMID:Visual prognosis in pseudophakic corneal transplants. 702 99


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