Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A series of 45 adults with severe valvular aortic stenosis underwent echocardiographic examination before surgery. The echocardiographic indices of the severity of the stenosis were reviewed: In M mode: aortic valve opening was only clearly defined and quantifiable in 22 out of 45 cases. In these 22 cases, the separation of the valves was variable in 9 cases; the stenosis was underestimated in 2 cases both of which were unsuspected bicuspid valves; the stenosis were overestimated in 1 case leading to an erroneous diagnosis. In 2D: aortic valve opening was easier to detect than in M mode; it was quantifiable in 16 out of 21 patients (80 p. 100). The subcostal view was particularly valuable in patients with chronic pulmonary disease or with barrel-shaped chests. The 2D examination however, suffers from the same limitations as M mode: variability in the values of aortic valve opening in a third of cases and a general tendency to overestimate the severity of the stenosis. In two cases an erroneous diagnosis of severe stenosis was made in cases of simple aortic sclerosis either because of the inability to visualise a mobile 3rd left anterior cusp in the long axis view or because of artefact due to paravalvular calcification. The most reliable index of severity was the thickness of the left ventricular posterior wall: this measurement was never less than 13 mm, with a mean value of 15,8 +/- 1,8 mm in the 43 patients in whom it was measured. The measurement was also of prognostic significance; paradoxical thinning of the posterior wall and septum was a poor prognostic sign which was associated with cardiac failure and passive dilatation of the left ventricle sometimes shortly preceding sudden death. In the absence of cardiac failure, a posterior wall thickness of less than 13 mm excludes surgical aortic stenosis.
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PMID:[Echocardiography in the diagnosis of severe aortic valve stenosis in adults]. 640 7

Sixty-eight long-term survivors of childhood cancer were evaluated for dental and maxillofacial abnormalities. Forty-five patients had received maxillofacial radiation for lymphoma, leukemia, rhabdomyosarcoma, and miscellaneous tumors. Forty-three of the 45 patients and the remaining 23 who had not received maxillofacial radiation also received chemotherapy. Dental and maxillofacial abnormalities were detected in 37 of the 45 (82%) radiated patients. Dental abnormalities comprised foreshortening and blunting of roots, incomplete calcification, premature closure of apices, delayed or arrested tooth development, and caries. Maxillofacial abnormalities comprised trismus, abnormal occlusal relationships, and facial deformities. The abnormalities were more severe in those patients who received radiation at an earlier age and at higher dosages. Possible chemotherapeutic effects in five of 23 patients who received treatment for tumors located outside the head and neck region comprised acquired amelogenesis imperfecta, microdontia of bicuspid teeth, and a tendency toward thinning of roots with an enlarged pulp chamber. Dental and maxillofacial abnormalities should be recognized as a major consequence of maxillofacial radiation in long-term survivors of childhood cancer, and attempts to minimize or eliminate such sequelae should involve an effective interaction between radiation therapists, and medical and dental oncologists.
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PMID:Dental and maxillofacial abnormalities in long-term survivors of childhood cancer: effects of treatment with chemotherapy and radiation to the head and neck. 672 83

This report concerns a 29-year-old man with recent Streptococcus viridans endocarditis on a bicuspid aortic valve who was found to have a mycotic aneurysm of the left anterior descending coronary artery and infective erosion and thinning of the posterior wall of the ascending aorta 1.5 to 3.5 cm above the origin of the left coronary artery, a combination of lesions not previously reported. Mycotic aneurysm of the coronary arteries affects less than 1% of patients with infective endocarditis, and there are few reports of the management of these rare lesions. The surgical management of this patient is presented with a brief review of the available literature.
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PMID:Mycotic aneurysm of the left anterior descending coronary artery after aortic endocarditis. A case report and brief review of the literature. 800 Feb 73

Both genetic and haemodynamic theories explain the aetiology, progression and optimal management of bicuspid aortic valve aortopathy. In recent years, the haemodynamic theory has been explored with the help of magnetic resonance imaging and computational fluid dynamics. The objective of this review was to summarize the findings of these investigations with focus on the blood flow pattern and associated variables, including flow eccentricity, helicity, flow displacement, cusp opening angle, systolic flow angle, wall shear stress (WSS) and oscillatory shear index. A structured literature review was performed from January 1990 to January 2018 and revealed the following 3 main findings: (i) the bicuspid aortic valve is associated with flow eccentricity and helicity in the ascending aorta compared to healthy and diseased tricuspid aortic valve, (ii) flow displacement is easier to obtain than WSS and has been shown to correlate with valve morphology and type of aortopathy and (iii) the stenotic bicuspid aortic valve is associated with elevated WSS along the greater curvature of the ascending aorta, where aortic dilatation and aortic wall thinning are commonly found. We conclude that new haemodynamic variables should complement ascending aorta diameter as an indicator for disease progression and the type and timing of intervention. WSS describes the force that blood flow exerts on the vessel wall as a function of viscosity and geometry of the vessel, making it a potentially more reliable marker of disease progression.
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PMID:Haemodynamic assessment of bicuspid aortic valve aortopathy: a systematic review of the current literature. 3023 33