Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report sporadic, bilateral keratoglobus associated with posterior subcapsular cataract in a 43-year-old man. Slitlamp biomicroscopy showed symmetric arcus senilis-like deposits, a polygonal appearance resembling crocodile shagreen, an unusual endothelial appearance, and posterior subcapsular cataract. Orbscan II pachymetry maps (Bausch & Lomb) demonstrated bilateral diffuse corneal thinning (359.53 microm +/- 21.15 [SD] in the right eye and 379.61 +/- 11.49 microm in the left eye). These thickness values were confirmed by ultrasound pachymetry. In vivo confocal microscopy showed multiple criss-crossing dark lines and no identifiable cellular elements within the stroma. There were mild to moderate, guttata-like endothelial changes surrounded by pleomorphic cells. Phacoemulsification was performed in the left eye after careful consideration of the presenting features and modification of the surgical technique. Minimal structural alteration was observed during microstructural analysis 7 months after surgery. The endothelial morphology postoperatively was similar to that at baseline.
J Cataract Refract Surg 2004 Jan
PMID:Keratoglobus and posterior subcapsular cataract: surgical considerations and in vivo microstructural analysis. 1496 95

A candidate for refractive surgery presented with classic (type I) Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS). Clinical examination revealed blue sclera, limbus-to-limbus corneal thinning, myopia, and astigmatism. Orbscan (Bausch & Lomb) pachymetry mapping provided a striking demonstration of the limbus-to-limbus thinning with a central corneal thickness of 360 microm in the right eye and 383 microm in the left eye and midperipheral corneal thickness ranging from 370 to 438 microm and 376 to 434 microm, respectively. Despite the theoretical biomechanical weakness from the thin cornea and defective collagen, regular surface topography was maintained without the development of keratoconus. Although all types of EDS remain a contraindication to laser refractive surgery, Orbscan mapping provides a valuable insight into corneal shape and thickness in this condition.
J Cataract Refract Surg 2004 Aug
PMID:Orbscan mapping in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. 1531 10

A 27-year-old man had excimer photoastigmatic keratectomy in the right eye and laser in situ keratomileusis in the left eye for the treatment of equivalent myopia. Preoperative slitlamp examination did not reveal evidence of keratoconus, central corneal pachymetry was 485 microm in the right eye and 500 microm in the left eye, and corneal topography revealed asymmetric bow-tie astigmatism with inferior steepening in the right eye and a small area of inferior steepening in the left eye. Twenty-two months after surgery, the patient complained of poor vision in the left eye. Slitlamp examination of the left eye revealed central corneal thinning and protrusion, with a Fleischer ring within the flap. Corneal topographic evaluation revealed a stable map in the right eye and central corneal steepening indicative of keratectasia in the left eye.
J Cataract Refract Surg 2004 Dec
PMID:Photorefractive keratectomy versus laser in situ keratomileusis to prevent keratectasia after corneal ablation. 1561 36

Two patients who underwent extracapsular cataract surgery through corneal incisions developed scleral cysts 2 and 6 years later, respectively. The cysts involved the sclera without extension into the cornea or anterior chamber. To prevent further thinning of the sclera, only the anterior walls were excised and the posterior walls were mechanically debrided using alcohol and sponges. Histopathologic examination supported the clinical diagnosis of scleral cysts. No recurrence was seen. Scleral cyst formation may be encountered as a late complication of cataract surgery. Excision of the anterior wall coupled with removal of the epithelial lining of the posterior wall with alcohol may considerably lessen the likelihood of recurrence.
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PMID:Scleral cyst formation following extracapsular cataract extraction. 1568 73

A 33-year-old woman had progressive blurred vision 2 weeks after uneventful laser in situ keratomileusis surgery. Initial satisfactory uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was complicated by postoperative dry eye and drug toxicity. Slitlamp biomicroscopy revealed diffuse punctate epithelial keratitis and inferior corneal epithelial defect with rolled-up epithelium on the flaps and the inferior unoperated cornea in both eyes. Diffuse inflammatory cell infiltrates were evident in the stroma. Stromal thinning was evident on serial Orbscan (Bausch & Lomb) and pachymetry examinations, and a hyperopic shift of almost +6 diopters was observed in the refractive error in both eyes. These examinations showed a gradual recovery of stromal thickness after copious hydration with balanced salt solution. The UCVA was 1.0 in both eyes after corneal rehydration.
J Cataract Refract Surg 2005 Aug
PMID:Toxic keratopathy-related corneal dehydration after laser in situ keratomileusis. 1612 7

Inhaled corticosteroids continue to be hallmark players in asthma control. In time, they induced fear, hope, and created numerous discussions in specialty literature. Usually, the studies focus more on their beneficial effects and less on adverse effects. Surprisingly, lately more was written about systemic effects. A detailed review of some recent studies demonstrates that the most feared systemic effects (risk for osteoporosis due to calcium and phosphate metabolic changes, adrenal suppression, skin thinning, cataract, growth problems in children and teenagers, glaucoma) are very rare. The local effects, if properly addressed by the physician and patient, can be largely diminished. The conclusion of this article is that there is a non-due fear for this class of medication with certain virtues in asthma and COPD therapy.
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PMID:[Inhaled corticosteroids and the local effects--a justified fear?]. 1619 32

A 25-year-old woman presented with gradual dimness of vision in the left eye with history of recurrent cutaneous bullae, photosensitivity and passage of red coloured urine. Examination revealed cataract and high intra-ocular pressure in left eye and symmetrical areas of scleral thinning in both eyes. Systemic features of the patient pointed towards congenital erythropoietic porphyria, which was established by laboratory investigations.
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PMID:Bilateral scleromalacia in a case of congenital erythropoietic porphyria. 1724 Aug 17

A 42-year-old woman had uneventful bilateral laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) to correct myopia. She experienced intense pain in the first postoperative week and obtained topical oxybuprocaine for pain relief. Subsequently, she developed bilateral persistent corneal epithelial defects, epithelial edema, and bullae that failed to heal with bandage contact lens and topical lubricants. Over the next 4 months, there was progressive corneal stromal thinning and descemetocele formation in 1 eye, requiring application of cyanoacrylate glue, and stromal edema and scarring in the other eye, which resulted in a visual acuity of counting fingers. Investigations did not reveal associated infection or an underlying immunological disorder; however, the patient admitted to excessive use of topical anesthetic eyedrops in the post-LASEK period. She subsequently had penetrating keratoplasty and lens extraction with IOL implantation in the right eye. The left eye healed with central corneal scarring. This case illustrates that serious sight-threatening complications may occur after LASEK due to abuse of topical anesthetic agents.
J Cataract Refract Surg 2007 Aug
PMID:Topical anesthesia-induced keratopathy after laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy. 1766 48

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is a risk factor for the development of ocular disease in humans, including acute photokeratitis, chronic corneal spheroidal degeneration, and cataract formation. This report describes the ocular lesions seen in 21 mice chronically exposed to UVR as part of a skin carcinogenicity study. All globes were affected to varying degrees. The primary lesion, not previously reported in UVR-exposed mice, was marked loss of keratocytes relative to age-matched controls. Secondary lesions included corneal stromal thinning, keratoconus, corneal vascularization and fibrosis, keratitis, globe rupture, and phthisis bulbi. In addition, more than 90% of UVR-exposed and unexposed lenses had evidence of cataract formation; this is the first report of the occurrence of spontaneous cataracts in 129 mice. In a subsequent study, apoptotic cells were identified histologically and by cleaved caspase 3 immunoreactivity in the corneal epithelium and, less commonly, in the corneal stroma after acute UVR exposure. Based on this finding, we propose that the loss of keratocytes observed in the chronic study was due to UVR-induced apoptosis.
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PMID:Ultraviolet radiation-induced corneal degeneration in 129 mice. 1794 56

The latex biomembrane is a material from Hevea brasiliensis and has angiogenic properties, cellular adhesion and extracellular matrix formation. It has been used for the treatment of ulcers in the inferior extremities caused by diabetes, chronic vascular insufficiency and timpanic perforations. In this study we report a case of biomembrane use to promote granulation in the orbital cavity after exenteration in a male, 72 years, who came into our service with a left eyelid lesion for two years. The ocular examination revealed a hyperemic conjunctiva, corneal thinning, cataract and ocular perforation in the left eye. The right eye had no alterations. There was an expansive and ulcerated lesion with orbital septum, frontal bone and lamina papiracea invasion confirmed by tomography. A total exenteration of the cavity was made and the biomembrane was applied to the affected site. Changes were made every 24 hours in the first seven days, and every other day in the following seven days. The biomembrane had to be taken from the patient because no granulation could be seen. Just one occurred and a half month later. Exenteration is a procedure in which all of the orbital content is removed. If the eyelids are included it is called total exenteration. There are many exenteration techniques as spontaneous granulation, skin grafts, miocutaneous flap, etc. In this case we used a material which has been successfully applied for other wounds, but with no efficiency in our experience. More studies are necessary so that we can present benefits to our patients in the ophthalmologic area with the latex biomembrane.
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PMID:[The use of latex biomembrane in exenteration: case report]. 1815 14


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