Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From 1986 to '88, mass health examinations for skin disorders among hairdressers were performed in 4 Health Centers in Osaka Prefecture. Among 306 female hairdressers examined, the prevalence of skin lesions was 49.0%, consisting of skin lesions of hands and arms alone 22.9%, nail lesion alone 13.7%, and both 12.4%. Characteristic features of the skin lesions were dryness, roughness, thickening of epidermis, redness, hyperkeratinization, scales, desquamation, etc. In the case of nails, thinning, onycholysis, onychoschisis, pitting, transverse grooves and onychorexis were characteristic. The relationship between prevalence of skin disorders and site of lesions to history or category of work was studied. For the prevention of these skin hazards, improved chemicals, equipment, and hygienic education are necessary. Periodical health-checks including participation by a dermatologist, and health supervision should be continued with cooperation between Health Centers and beauty salons, because these businesses are principally small-size enterprises.
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PMID:[Occupational skin hazards in hairdressers and their etiologic factors--results of mass health examination at health centers]. 129 46

Although nail abnormalities have been reported to occur in 1% to 10% of patients with lichen planus, in children with lichen planus they are rarely mentioned in the literature. An 11-year-old boy had a two-month history of nail dystrophy affecting all the fingernails and the great toenails. The nail plates showed longitudinal ridging and thinning as well as onycholysis and distal splitting. There were no cutaneous or mucous membrane abnormalities. A nail biopsy specimen showed hyperkeratosis, hypergranulosis, and acanthosis in the ventral portion of the proximal nail fold and in the nail matrix. A band-like lymphocytic infiltrate was present in the superficial dermis, and the basal layer showed vacuolar alterations. A diagnosis of lichen planus was made. Treatment was intramuscular triamcinolone 20 mg once a month for six months. Since 1969 only 13 proved pediatric cases of lichen planus limited to the nails have been reported, including two children with 20-nail dystrophy and four with idiopathic atrophy of the nails.
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PMID:Lichen planus limited to the nails in childhood: case report and literature review. 849 65

Longitudinal erythronychia is a linear red band on the nail plate that originates at the proximal nail fold, traverses the lunula, and extends to the free edge of the nail plate. Longitudinal erythronychia is classified based upon the number of nails affected and the number of red streaks present on each nail as follows: type Ia (monodactylous - single band), type Ib (monodactylous - bifid bands), type IIa (polydactylous - single band), and type IIb (polydactylous - multiple bands). Associated morphologic findings that can be present at the distal tip of the nail with longitudinal erythronychia include fragility, onycholysis, splinter hemorrhage, splitting, subungual keratosis, thinning, and V-shaped nick. Some patients with longitudinal erythronychia seek medical evaluation because of pain in the associated distal digit; however, the linear red nail plate dyschromia is often asymptomatic and the individual is concerned about the cosmetic appearance or distal nail fragility. Longitudinal erythronychia can be a clinical manifestation of an underlying local or systemic condition. Benign tumors (glomus tumor, onychopapilloma, and warty dyskeratoma), malignant neoplasms (malignant melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma), and other conditions (hemiplegia and postsurgical scar) can be associated with monodactylous longitudinal erythronychia or it may be idiopathic or the initial stage of polydactylous longitudinal erythronychia-associated systemic conditions. Polydactylous longitudinal erythronychia is most commonly reported in patients with Darier disease (keratosis follicularis); other associated conditions include acantholytic dyskeratotic epidermal nevus, acantholytic epidermolysis bullosa, acrokeratosis verruciformis of Hopf, amyloidosis, graft-versus-host disease, lichen planus, and pseudobulbar syndrome. Polydactylous longitudinal erythronychia has also been observed as an idiopathic finding. Biopsy of the nail matrix and nail bed may be necessary to establish the diagnosis of a longitudinal erythronychia-associated condition. Indeed, a biopsy should be seriously considered in patients aged more than 50 years who present with a monodactylous longitudinal red band to exclude squamous cell carcinoma. Treatment of longitudinal erythronychia depends on the etiology. For patients with longitudinal erythronychia-associated discomfort or severe nail splitting, a surgical excision may provide not only the underlying diagnosis of the nail dyschromia, but also relief of related symptoms.
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PMID:Longitudinal erythronychia: individual or multiple linear red bands of the nail plate: a review of clinical features and associated conditions. 2166 31

Nail cosmetics are used by millions worldwide and the variety of products available is expanding. They are relatively safe, but complications can occur, and patients experiencing complications may present to dermatologists. The physical processes can cause nail thinning and onycholysis, poor technique can promote infection, and consumers may develop allergic contact dermatitis. Ultraviolet nail lamps are widely used for curing gel nails, but their use is unregulated and they are readily accessible in salons or for home use. There is concern about potential carcinogenesis; however, the risk is negligible and can be further reduced with the use of sunscreen. Despite the potential complications, nail cosmetics may be a useful adjunct in treating nail disorders. Familiarity with the procedures will enable the dermatologist to recognize problems and advise on safe use.
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PMID:Nail cosmetics: a dermatological perspective. 3079 52