Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This paper presents the findings in a series of 30 patients with blepharochalasis, including the age of onset, sex, predisposing factors, symptoms and signs, frequency and duration of attacks, and length of the history. There were 16 bilateral and 14 unilateral cases. The condition can be divided into an active (early) and a quiescent (late) stage. The active stage is further subdivided into intumescent (hypertrophic) and atrophic forms. The sequelae included excess thin skin, fat herniation, lacrimal gland prolapse, ptosis, blepharophimosis, pseudoepicanthic fold, proptosis, conjunctival injection and cysts, entropion, and ectorpion. Surgery primarily involved blepharoplasty, ptosis correction, and lateral canthal reattachment alone or in combination. The pathology showed a variable picture of epithelial atrophy, vasculitis, and loss of elastic fibers, which did not greatly help to differentiate blepharochalasis from angioedema, lymphedema, dermatochalasis, tumors and infiltrations, and floppy lid syndromes. Blepharochalasis is probably a localized angioedema. The diagnosis depends on the clinical features of intermittent attacks of localized swelling affecting one or more eyelids associated with thinning of the skin giving either an intumescent (hypertrophic) or atrophic appearance in the active stage of the condition and progressing to atrophic changes in the quiescent (late) stage.
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PMID:Blepharochalasis. A review of 30 cases. 191 19

Ophthalmological lesions enter in the definition of Cogan's syndrome, associated with vestibulo-auditory symptoms. They are present in almost one half of patients with Wegener's granulomatosis and in 10 to 20 p. 100 of patients with periarteritis nodosa, where they may be the initial symptom. Yet they are seldom described in leucocytoclastic angiitis of small vessels, 3 cases of which are reported here. The first case concerns a 71-year old woman with cutaneous leucocytoclastic angiitis which regressed within a few days under dapsone. However, the drug had to be withdrawn on account of acute haemolysis. Thereafter, new skin lesions and severe pain in the left eye with fall in visual acuity developed simultaneously. Eye examination showed a large, marginal ulceration of the cornea extending to the adjacent sclera and reflecting deep involvement of the sclerocorneal limbus. Systemic corticosteroid therapy in doses of 1 mg/kg/day was instituted, resulting in gradual disappearance of the skin lesions and stabilization of the ophthalmic lesion. There remains, however, thinning of the cornea and sclera which entails a definite risk of perforation should the angiitis recur. The second patient was a 54-year old man seen for fever, polyarthralgia, purpura of the lower limbs and rapidly extending necrotic ulceration of the scrotum. A few days previously, inflammatory chemosis of the right eye had suddenly developed. Under systemic corticosteroids (1.5 mg/kg/day), the ophthalmic symptoms rapidly regressed, but the patient died of digestive tract haemorrhage. The third case was that of a 36-year old woman with urticaria associated with arthralgias and diffuse myalgia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Ophthalmologic manifestations of leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Apropos of 3 case reports]. 357 12

Anterior segment fluorescein angiography has been used in the investigation of patients with sclerokeratitis. This showed that corneal thinning or destruction was associated with non-perfusion of the episcleral vasculature. The changes arose either as a result of a systemic vasculitis in seropositive individuals or were induced by surgery to the eye. Infiltrative forms of sclerokeratitis were commoner in seronegative patients and were less often associated with vascular shutdown.
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PMID:Fluorescein angiography in the differential diagnosis of sclerokeratitis. 382 65

A 52-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis experienced painless spontaneous hemorrhage, tearing, and necrosis of the skin on the lower laternal aspect of both legs. Thereapy with systemic prednisone had been used to suppress active synovitis for almost four years and was associated with moon facies, hirsutism, truncal obesity, thinning of the skin, extensive purpura on the extremities, and other manifestations of hypercortisolism. There was no evidence of rheumatoid vasculitis, trauma, or blood dyscrasia. The leg lesions may represent an exaggerated type of steroid-induced purpura resulting in localized areas of gangrenous skin.
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PMID:Spontaneous skin tearing during systemic corticosteroid treatment. 735 83

The objective was to test the hypothesis that there is a correlation between thinning of the skin and bone in patients on chronic oral glucocorticoids (GCs). This was a one-time cross-sectional analysis performed in an academic referral center. The study group consisted of 14 patients on GCs for a variety of disorders, including dermatomyositis, pemphigus vulgaris, pyoderma gangrenosum, and urticarial vasculitis. Skin thickness was compared with that of 24 sex- and age-matched controls. The main outcome measures were the bone density of the lumbar spine (L2-L4) and the skin thickness. The skin thickness (mm, mean +/- SEM) in GC-treated (n = 7) vs unmedicated age-matched Caucasian women (n = 20) was 0.84 +/- 0.04 vs 1.02 +/- 0.04 (t = 3.07, P < 0.01) in the upper arm, 1.13 +/- 0.09 vs 1.49 +/- 0.05 (t = 3.65, P < 0.002) in the dorsal forearm, and 0.96 +/- 0.07 vs 1.17 +/- 0.02 (t = 2.92, P < 0.01) in the ventral forearm. L2-L4 bone densities averaged 106 +/- 2% in the GC-treated female patients relative to the age and sex-matched controls. There was no correlation between skin thickness and bone density. In GC-treated (n = 4) vs unmedicated Caucasian men matched for age (n = 4), skin thickness was 1.09 +/- 0.4 vs 1.33 +/- 0.05 (t = 3.51, P < 0.02) in the upper arm, but was not significantly different at the two forearm sites. No correlation between skin thickness and bone density was observed. The level of type I procollagen mRNA in skin from three GC-treated patients was 45% of the value in three age-matched controls. In conclusion, GCs cause statistically significant thinning of skin independently of the effects on bone.
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PMID:Lack of correlation of skin thickness with bone density in patients receiving chronic glucocorticoid. 974 94

The term peripheral ulcerative keratitis represents a spectrum of inflammatory diseases, characterized by cellular infiltration, corneal thinning, and ulceration. Neutrophilic dermatoses are rarely associated with peripheral ulcerative keratitis. To date, peripheral ulcerative keratitis has only been reported in patients with pyoderma gangrenosum. Separate episodes of pyoderma gangrenosum, Sweet's syndrome, and pustular vasculitis developed in a 60-year-old patient with rheumatoid arthritis over an 8-year period. Over the past 2 years, 3 episodes of peripheral ulcerative keratitis occurred. Cyclosporine (4 mg/kg/d) treatment was started on confirmation of pyoderma gangrenosum. Over the ensuing 2 years, it became evident that the activity of her ocular and skin diseases, as well as her arthritis, paralleled the administration or cessation of cyclosporine therapy. Dermatologists should be aware of the association of Sweet's syndrome, pyoderma gangrenosum, and pustular vasculitis with peripheral ulcerative keratitis. This rare ocular manifestation and the serious sequelae when left untreated make recognition crucial. Cyclosporine proved to be a very effective treatment for all of our patient's diseases.
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PMID:Peripheral ulcerative keratitis--an extracutaneous neutrophilic disorder: report of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis, pustular vasculitis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and Sweet's syndrome with an excellent response to cyclosporine therapy. 1002 62

Gravid Nya:NYLAR mice, infected with Toxoplasma gondii on gestation day 7, experienced embryo resorptions, abortions, stillbirths, and a reduction in average litter size by one-third. Postnatally, all congenitally infected pups showed growth retardation, cachexia, and hind limb weakness. Some pups developed necrotic petechiae on the ears and tail, and a blood-tinged nasal discharge. Coronal sections of the cerebellum at age 1 month revealed developmental abnormalities including: persistence of remnants of an external granular layer; fragmented and disoriented Bergmann glial foot processes; numerous ectopic granule cells stranded in the molecular layer; focal disorganization and edema of the Purkinje cell layer; and thinning of the internal granular layer. Our working hypothesis is that the cerebellar anomalies originated with parasite invasion of the fetal vascular endothelium leading to vasculitis and microcirculatory dysfunction, perivascular edema, perfusion impairment, and tissue anoxia. In the cerebellar folia, the cellular migration defects are attributed to edema-induced swelling and fragmentation of the Bergmann glial foot processes that guide migrating neurons, whereas the focal loss of Purkinje and granule cells is ascribed to hypoxia-ischemia. Although Toxoplasma cysts were detected in the cerebellum, morphologic evidence of parasite association with neuropathology was not obtained.
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PMID:Cerebellar anomalies in congenital murine toxoplasmosis. 1210 72

Granulomatous angiitis of central nervous system (CNS) is a rare inflammatory disease of blood vessels mostly confined to CNS. We describe a case which presented with right sided hemiplegia with aphasia, after herpes zoster ophthalmicus. CT scan and MRI brain showed a large left sided infarct in the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory. MRI angiography revealed narrowing and thinning of left internal carotid artery (ICA) and to a lesser extent, left MCA suggestive of granulomatous vasculitis. Herpes zoster is often associated with major CNS involvement and a vascular etiology was previously postulated. Recent pathological reports suggest that cerebral angiitis secondary to herpes virus infection may be more common than realised.
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PMID:Granulomatous angiitis of the central nervous system associated with herpes zoster. 1212 61

There is a demand for studying the role of Toxoplasma gondii in cell death seeking aiding prevention of the disease. The neuro-pathological changes in the cerebellum cortex in case of acquired toxoplasmosis had been studied. Adult Balb C mice were infected by intra peritoneal injection of T. gondii RH strain. Immuno-histochemical expression of pro apoptotic marker Bax had been applied in parallel with Hematoxylin and Eosin stain to study the layers of cerebellum cortex. The focal necrosis in the cerebellum was expressed. Necrosis was explained on the basis of hypoxic ischemia resulting from existing vasculitis followed the infection. Purkinje cell layer was markedly affected in the form of disfiguring and focal loss of cells with apoptotic and necrotic changes. Thinning of both the molecular and internal granular layers was recorded morphometricly. Morphometric study reveals non significant change in the ratio between the viable to non viable cells in all cerebellum layers among experimental and control groups though the Purkinje cell layer was mostly affected. Statistical significant changes in depth proportion of molecular layer: Internal granular (ML: IGL) layers was noted in experimental and control group (p=0.05). Bax expression was not coexisting with the result of H & E stained cells. The hypothesis emphasizes that toxoplasmosis resist apoptosis seeking its benefit, and apoptosis followed toxoplasmosis may be due to another protein rather than Bax.
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PMID:Cell death pattern in cerebellum neurons infected with Toxoplasma gondii. 1633 90

There has been growing concern regarding the systemic and local effects of metal ions released from metal-on-metal hip resurfacings and total hip replacements, including the development of aseptic lymphocyte dominated vasculitis associated lesions (ALVAL). We describe our experience of treating 13 patients with failed metal on metal bearing hip prostheses secondary to this condition. Hip revision occurred at mean of 45 months following primary surgery. Groin pain was present in all patients. Other common features included large bursal swelling and mechanical symptoms. 3 patients developed their symptoms immediately postoperatively. The mean time to presentation was 21 months. Radiographic abnormalities noted included 3 patients with cup loosening and 2 patients with neck thinning. The mean cup inclination was 52 degrees. Surgical findings included bursal swellings and creamy brown fluid. Osteolysis was rarely seen. 12 revisions were achieved with primary implants and all patients had immediate symptomatic improvement. One patient was left with a pseudoarthrosis due to extensive soft tissue destruction. Diagnosis of ALVAL was confirmed histologically. The diagnosis of ALVAL should be considered in patients with unexplained pain from a metal on metal bearing hip arthroplasty. Surgical findings are typical and symptoms tend to resolve reliably following conversion to an alternative bearing surface.
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PMID:Clinical experience of revision of metal on metal hip arthroplasty for aseptic lymphocyte dominated vasculitis associated lesions (ALVAL). 2127 62


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