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Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ophthalmological lesions enter in the definition of Cogan's syndrome, associated with vestibulo-auditory symptoms. They are present in almost one half of patients with Wegener's granulomatosis and in 10 to 20 p. 100 of patients with periarteritis nodosa, where they may be the initial symptom. Yet they are seldom described in leucocytoclastic angiitis of small vessels, 3 cases of which are reported here. The first case concerns a 71-year old woman with cutaneous leucocytoclastic angiitis which regressed within a few days under dapsone. However, the drug had to be withdrawn on account of acute haemolysis. Thereafter, new skin lesions and severe pain in the left eye with fall in visual acuity developed simultaneously. Eye examination showed a large, marginal ulceration of the cornea extending to the adjacent sclera and reflecting deep involvement of the sclerocorneal limbus. Systemic corticosteroid therapy in doses of 1 mg/kg/day was instituted, resulting in gradual disappearance of the skin lesions and stabilization of the ophthalmic lesion. There remains, however, thinning of the cornea and sclera which entails a definite risk of perforation should the angiitis recur. The second patient was a 54-year old man seen for fever, polyarthralgia, purpura of the lower limbs and rapidly extending necrotic ulceration of the scrotum. A few days previously, inflammatory chemosis of the right eye had suddenly developed. Under systemic corticosteroids (1.5 mg/kg/day), the ophthalmic symptoms rapidly regressed, but the patient died of digestive tract haemorrhage. The third case was that of a 36-year old woman with urticaria associated with arthralgias and diffuse myalgia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Ophthalmologic manifestations of leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Apropos of 3 case reports]. 357 12

Pigmentary anomalies are among the least serious but most frequent skin changes resulting from oral contraceptive use. A pseudo "mask of pregnancy" called chloasma or melasma may be produced. It is a blotchy hyperpigmentation of the face which can be a disfiguring cosmetic and emotional problem. Melasma most often appears 1-4 months after taking the pill. Of 13 such patients closely studied, melasma of pregnancy had previously been present in 10. Only minimal improvement was noted in 7 even up to 4 years after stopping the drug. Histological examination of 10 biopsy specimens showed normal appearing epidermis with pigment in the basal cell layer of the skin. Of 199 patients taking oral contraceptives in one study, 24% had melasma; of 212 patients in a second study, 29% developed this problem. A history of temporary melasma during pregnancy is an important predictor. Reduced exposure to sunlight is recommended. Use of a hydroquinone cream as a bleaching agent results in only slight improvement. Changing the type of pill has had little effect but reducing the amount of progesterone may help. Other skin manifestations with oral contraceptives include: 1) acne vulgaris, which may be improved or aggravated; 2) alopecia or diffuse thinning of the entire scalp hair, which may be reversible; 3) treatment of aphthous stomatitis, which is controlled by estrogen therapy; and 4) erythema nodosum, which subsides when oral contraceptives are stopped. Urticarial reactions represent an allergic response to special drugs.
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PMID:Melasma and other skin manifestations or oral contraceptives. 562 Jun 4

Coffea arabica is an indigenous understorey shrub of the moist evergreen Afromontane forest of SW Ethiopia. Coffee cultivation here occurs under different forest management intensities, ranging from almost no intervention in the 'forest coffee' system to far-reaching interventions that include the removal of competing shrubs and selective thinning of the upper canopy in the 'semi-forest coffee' system. We investigated whether increasing forest management intensity and fragmentation result in impacts upon potential coffee pollination services through examining shifts in insect communities that visit coffee flowers. Overall, we netted 2,976 insect individuals on C. arabica flowers, belonging to sixteen taxonomic groups, comprising 10 insect orders. Taxonomic richness of the flower-visiting insects significantly decreased and pollinator community changed with increasing forest management intensity and fragmentation. The relative abundance of honey bees significantly increased with increasing forest management intensity and fragmentation, likely resulting from the introduction of bee hives in the most intensively managed forests. The impoverishment of the insect communities through increased forest management intensity and fragmentation potentially decreases the resilience of the coffee production system as pollination increasingly relies on honey bees alone. This may negatively affect coffee productivity in the long term as global pollination services by managed honey bees are expected to decline under current climate change scenarios. Coffee agroforestry management practices should urgently integrate pollinator conservation measures.
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PMID:Fragmentation and management of Ethiopian moist evergreen forest drive compositional shifts of insect communities visiting wild Arabica coffee flowers. 2535 31