Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty eight patients with various dermatological conditions were treated orally with the new aromatic derivate of retinoic acid, Ro 10-9359. The initial average dose was 48,3 mg/day and the maintenance dose was 26,6 mg/day. Duration of treatment ranged between 3 to 6 months. Evolution of erythema, infiltration and hyperkeratosis showed changes statistically significant (p < 0,05) and excellent to good results were obtained in 23 out of the 28 treated patients. On the basis of this study it is concluded that Ro 10-9359 is a promising drug for the treatment of several skin diseases, specially ichthyosis, Darier's disease, oral lichen planus, erythrokeratoderma variabilis and psoriasis. No serious side effects were reported; dryness of the lips, scaling of palms and soles, pruritus and thinning of the skin were the most common. In no case treatment was discontinued due to side effects. Laboratory controls did not show deviations from the normal values.
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PMID:[Oral treatment of various dermatosis with the aromatic derivative of retinoic acid Ro 10-9359]. 39 25

Etretinate is recognized to have unwanted cutaneous effects such as dryness of the skin, pruritus and hair thinning. Photosensitivity has rarely been observed as an adverse reaction but we now describe a renal transplant recipient who developed lesions of cutaneous porphyria apparently as a result of etretinate prescribed to suppress cutaneous neoplasia.
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PMID:Pseudoporphyria complicating etretinate therapy. 260 7

Skin signs and symptoms were examined in 46 menopausal women prior to estrogen replacement therapy. Several symptoms such as pruritus, bruising, dryness and thinning were seen more frequently in sun-exposed skin emphasizing the contribution of photoaging. At the end of a 6-mth treatment period, no significant difference was observed in the prevalence or severity of the cutaneous signs and symptoms when patients receiving transdermal 17 beta-estradiol (Estraderm) were compared with controls (the only exception was cutaneous flushing). Elastic fibers from sun-protected (buttock) skin of menopausal women were studied by light and electron microscopy. In 3 women (ages 30-37) with a history of premature menopause, the elastic fibers had several degenerative changes including coalescence of cystic spaces into lacunae, peripheral fragmentation, granular degeneration and splitting of the fibers into strands. Similar age-related ultrastructural changes are normally found in individuals that are at least 20 yrs older than these patients. These findings are suggestive of a relationship between premature aging of the dermal elastic fibers and estrogen deprivation.
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PMID:Skin changes in menopause. 269 17

Tigason (etretinate, RO-10-9359) is an oral aromatic retinoid acid which is effective in psoriasis and other dermatological syndromes. The present study reports the results of the use of this drug in 15 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis, aged between 42 and 74 (average 60.2) years. Two patients dropped out after one month because they showed dryness of lips, chapping and intolerable itching, and another two due to intolerable pruritus and deterioration of their skin lesions. The 11 remaining patients, five males and six females, were treated with a daily dose of 50 mg etretinate, reduced to 25 mg after two weeks. Assessments which included grip strength, Ritchie joint index, pain, and dermatological assessment were performed at monthly intervals. Routine blood tests for toxic effects and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were also performed, as well as CPR (C-protein reactive) as a test of disease activity. All patients showed an improvement in the psoriasis, joint swelling and pain. The elevated ESR observed in all patients studied also fell gradually during the course of etretinate treatment, as did as the intake of antiinflammatory agents. Elevated serum lipid levels (cholesterol and triglycerides) were found in three patients; further drug-specific side-effects such as dryness of lips and mouth, loss of hair, thinning of skin and scaling were frequently found in all patients, but they remained tolerable.
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PMID:Tigason (etretinate) treatment in psoriatic arthritis. 339 51

Two patients with severe generalized psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis whose conditions had failed to respond to oral therapy with traditional remedies, including etretinate (both patients) and its combination with psoralen and UV-A (PUVA) (one patient) were successfully treated with minimal oral dosages of the arotinoid RO 13-6298 (0.05 to 0.1 mg/day). Side effects of this new synthetic retinoid included dryness of the lips and nasal mucosa, some palmarplantar desquamation, gross thinning of the skin, itching, and transient hair loss. Laboratory investigations disclosed no abnormalities attributable to the drug. The new arotinoid, RO 13-6298, seems to be a highly potent retinoid in its antipsoriatic effects. It represents the third generation of synthetic retinoids that may be effective in extremely low doses.
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PMID:Antipsoriatic activity of a new synthetic retinoid. The arotinoid RO 13-6298. 661 62

Lichen planus pigmentosus (LPP) has thus far been described as a condition of unknown etiology which clinically differs from the classical lichen planus (LP) by exhibiting dark brown macules and/or papules mostly in exposed areas and flexural folds and a longer clinical course without pruritus or scalp, nail or mucosal involvement. Histopathologically, LPP shows the typical changes seen in LP, but with thinning of epidermis. We report a case of LPP that developed in a unilateral, zosteriform pattern on the left flank of a 49-year-old man. This case seems to lie in the middle of the spectrum between classical LP and ashy dermatosis, and, to the best of our knowledge, is the first report of LPP presenting in the zosteriform pattern.
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PMID:Lichen planus pigmentosus presenting in zosteriform pattern. 911 19

Reactions to oral contraceptive therapy tend to be maximal during the first few months of use. They include nausea or epigastric discomfort, malaise, dizziness, nervousness, fatigue, weakness, leg cramps, headache, and depression. The estrogenic component is thought to be the cause. There may also be a psychogenic basis reflecting apprehension. Breast tenderness is an occasional complaint and intermenstrual spotting or breakthrough bleeding is often reported. Increasing dosage has reduced this symptom. Dysmenorrhea prior to treatment may be improved but occasionally it is aggravated. Drug-induced amenorrhea presents a double problem in that failure to resume medication 7 days after completion of a cycle results in a risk of conception. Episodes of severe uterine bleeding in patients discontinuing use after several months or years have been reported. Other side effects include a skin reaction resembling acne, pruritus, hirsutism, thinning of scalp hair, increased skin pigmentation, and weight gain or loss. Serious vascular complications and hepatic dysfunction have been shown and deviation of thyroid function may be shown by increase of serum protein-bound iodine (PBI). Clinical signs of hyperthyroidism have not been described. Oral contraception is associated with elevated plasma cortisol (hydrocortisone) levels and decreased urinary levels of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OCHS). Suppression of ovarian activity by oral contraceptives is rapidly reversible. Fear of carcinogenesis has caused much alarm but no proof as of the present time. Safety of long term use will require additional years of experience.
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PMID:Side-effects and possible complications of oral contraceptive drugs. 1225 41

A 54-year-old man with a 24-year history of androgenetic alopecia was referred to the Department of Dermatological Sciences with follicular inflammatory lesions leading to scleroatrophy in the vertex region (Figure 1) of 1-year duration. These lesions appeared a year ago. There was no previous history of this condition. On examination, the patient showed confluent infiltrative follicular lesions on the frontoparietal and occipital scalp (Figure 2). Some lesions evolved into erosions that developed in ivory white scleroatrophy within weeks. These lesions were localized both in and outside of are as affected by alopecia androgenetica and were associated with mild pruritus. Histopathologic examination, performed on an early lesion of the vertex, documented a mild thinning of follicular epithelium associated with an intense lymphohistiocytic perifollicular infiltrate. The damage of the basal cell layer was limited to the follicle, while epidermis was intact. In particular, follicular keratinocytes under the isthmus showed a very intense degeneration exactly where the infiltrate was the most prominent. The damage of the hair sheath was under the isthmus and involved the lower portions of the follicles (including the hair bulbs). The inflammatory infiltrate was exclusively represented by perifollicular lymphohistiocytes. Finally, a connective fibrotic shell with numerous fibroblasts formed a sheath around the atrophic follicle (Figure 3). Results of laboratory investigations (including complete blood cell counts, basal thyroid-stimulating hormone, C-reactive protein, serum ferritin levels, B and C hepatitis markers, antinuclear antibodies, and cultural examinations) were negative.We diagnosed the patient with fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution.
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PMID:Case study: fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution localized on alopecia androgenetica areas and unaffected scalp. 1553 92

The therapeutic and pathogenetic effects of Dolichos pruriens were evaluated using experimental models in rats. In the therapeutic experiment Wistar rats were housed in a heated environment (25+/-3 degrees C) to induce itch, and treated with ascending potencies D. pruriens (6 cH, 9 cH, 12 cH and 30 cH), each for 10 days. The positive control group received vehicle (ethanol 30% in water). The negative control group received no treatment and were kept at a standard temperature. In the pathogenetic experiment, all animals were kept at a temperature of 20+/-3 degrees C and treated for 30 consecutive days with D. pruriens 6 or 30 cH, or ethanol vehicle, or no treatment. The experiments were performed blind. The statistical analysis used Bartlett's test, followed by ANOVA/Tuckey-Krammer or Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn. The results point to the existence of therapeutic effects, with inhibition of the itching, skin lesions and fur thinning produced by heat, more evident in later observations, with the 9 12, and 30 cH potencies (Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn; P=0.001). No changes were observed in the other parameters, such as open field activity and laterality of the itching. In the pathogenetic experiment, no changes were observed in any parameters examined. We conclude that the proposed experimental model demonstrates the therapeutic effect of D. pruriens, but not its pathogenetic effects.
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PMID:Therapeutic and pathogenetic animal models for Dolichos pruriens. 1681 16

A 4-year-old boy presented with mildly itchy, linear, skin lesions over the trunk, arms, and face of 3 months' duration. He had previously been admitted to a private hospital for generalized exfoliation of the skin following drug intake for fever and throat pain. The nature of the drugs was not known. The exfoliative dermatitis was treated with oral prednisolone, 10 mg daily, tapered over 3 weeks. No further topical or oral medication was given. The present skin lesions started 1 month after the cessation of the steroids. There was no family history of skin lesions, voice changes, or systemic complaints. Cutaneous examination showed multiple violaceous, linear, reticulate ridges with adherent scaling over the chest, back, and neck. There were scaly, flat-topped papules over the extensor aspects of both upper arms and the buttocks, and scaly plaques over the cheeks (Figs 1a-d and 2a,b). The scalp showed diffuse greasy scaling. There were no oral, genital, axillary, or eye lesions. The nails were normal. Systemic examination did not reveal any abnormal finding. Routine hematologic investigations, liver and kidney function tests, tests for hepatitis B and C, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for HIV were normal. Histopathology from skin lesions on the back revealed hyperkeratosis, patchy parakeratosis, follicular plugging, alternating irregular acanthosis and epidermal thinning, basal cell degeneration, and a band-like inflammatory infiltrate of lymphocytes, histiocytes, and a few plasma cells (Fig. 3). Based on the classical clinical features and histopathology, keratosis lichenoides chronica was diagnosed, and topical 1% hydrocortisone acetate cream, twice daily, was prescribed. There was slight relief of pruritus at a follow-up visit after 3 weeks; however, the patient was subsequently lost to follow-up.
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PMID:Keratosis lichenoides chronica in an Indian child following erythroderma. 1831


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