Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a case of sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma and simultaneous transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis in a 77 year old man admitted for uroseptic fever persisting for two months. Seven years earlier he underwent cystectomy with ureterosigmoidostomy for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. CT scan described a severe hydronephrosis with dilated pelvis, several pseudocystic formations with renal parenchima thinning and absence of contrast excretion. Radical nephrectomy was performed consequent to a clinical diagnosis of uroseptic fever in secondary hydronephrosis due to stenosis of ureterosigmoidostomy. Tumors were suspected on cut section and confirmed by histological examination.
 ...
PMID:[Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the kidney associated with urothelial carcinoma: report of a case with unusual clinical presentation]. 1087 65

To clarify the clinicopathological features of an atypical cystic duct (ACD) as defined by Tsuchiya's criteria as a precancerous lesion of the breast, we used 200 whole mammary gland serial sections of breast cancer. Forty-four (22%) of the 200 breast cancer patients had ACD breast lesions. The frequency of patients with ACD increased in premenopausal women (P = 0.001). There was no correlation between the ACD-present group and the ACD-absent group for immunohistochemical status of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), p53, or c-erbB2; Ki-67 labeling index of cancer tissues; size of tumor, or lymph node metastases. A number of ACD lesions displayed continuity to cancer lesions. In 500 serial sections of a paraffin-embedded tissue of a ACD case at 3 microm intervals, an apparent transition from ACD into ductal carcinoma in situ was observed. Immunohistochemical analysis using alpha-smooth muscle actin showed that myoepithelial cells of ACD stained strongly, and their nuclei and cytoplasm were thinning. In 16 of the 44 (36%) ACD-present patients, carcinoma cells stained positive for p53. Within those 16 cases, 12 cases (75%) were positive for p53 in ACD lesions. There was a significant correlation between the expression of p53 protein in malignant cells and ACD (P = 0.001). All 44 ACD lesions had no staining of c-erbB2, regardless of staining in malignant lesions. The mean Ki-67 labeling index of ACD lesions was low (0.3%), suggesting that ACD had a low proliferative rate. We suggest that ACD is the precancerous breast lesion because of a histologic continuum between ACD and malignancy, and because of p53 protein expression in ACD.
 ...
PMID:Clinicopathological characteristics of atypical cystic duct (ACD) of the breast: assessment of ACD as a precancerous lesion. 1110 51

Maintaining tumor-bearing rats on total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for eight days significantly reduced mass, protein, and DNA in small intestine and colon. Coinfusion of glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) significantly increased each of these variables in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, but not in the colon. Histological analysis of tissue revealed normal mucosa thickness and villus height in the small intestine of GLP-2-treated rats, whereas non-treated rats maintained on TPN exhibited villus shortening and thinning of the mucosa. Compared with TPN alone, no significant effects of GLP-2 were noted on tumor growth, liver weight, or heart weight. Coinfusion of GLP-2 with TPN had no significant effect on TPN-associated immunosuppression, as measured by mitogen-induced proliferation of cultured splenocytes. Although translocation of bacteria to the mesenteric lymph nodes appeared to be reduced in GLP-2-treated rats, the difference between groups was not statistically significant. These results suggest that hormonal alterations may be more important than an absence of luminal nutrition in TPN-associated mucosa changes in tumor-bearing rats. Additionally, maintenance of gut integrity during TPN does not appear to be a sufficient condition for the avoidance of the negative sequelae associated with this route of supplemental nutrition.
 ...
PMID:Maintaining gut integrity during parenteral nutrition of tumor-bearing rats: effects of glucagon-like peptide 2. 1114 96

The authors report a patient with a rare intrasellar meningioma mimicking pituitary adenoma. A 60-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for evaluation of general fatigue. He had no neurological deficit including visual function. Endocrinological tests revealed panhypopituitarism. The craniogram showed slight enlargement of the sella turcica with thinning of the dorsum sellae. CT scan and MR imaging demonstrated a homogeneously enhanced intrasellar mass with slight suprasellar extension. Partial removal of the mass was performed via the transsphenoidal approach because it was extremely firm and hemorrhagic. Histological diagnosis was transitional meningioma. The patient has been well for two years after surgery without tumor progression on MR imaging. It is mandatory to distinguish intrasellar meningioma from pituitary adenoma preoperatively because of marked difference in their treatment strategies. Despite recent advances in neurodiagnostic imaging, it may still be difficult to differentiate pituitary adenoma from intrasellar meningioma. When we re-evaluated the MR imaging, we recognized that the tumor had demonstrated specific findings, ruling out pituitary adenoma, namely bright and homogeneous enhancement, dense enhancement in the early phase on the dynamic MR study, and flow void signal within the mass. The authors emphasize that careful evaluations of MR imaging will allow the correct preoperative diagnosis in patients with intrasellar meningioma mimicking pituitary macroadenoma.
 ...
PMID:[A case of intrasellar meningioma mimicking pituitary adenoma]. 1145 2

The need for a thin flap has increased for contour or coverage of the shallow defects caused by trauma, tumor ablative surgery, or defects created after the release of contractures. The authors describe their experience with the use of an extremely thin anterolateral thigh free flap for covering such defects in a series of 12 patients. Extreme thinning of the flap (4-5 mm) was achieved by removal of deep fascia and subcutaneous fat except for a 3- to 4-cm area around the entry of the perforator into the flap. Subdermal fat and immediate underlying superficial veins should be preserved during the thinning procedure for venous drainage of the flap. Their clinical experiences with 12 patients indicate that an extremely thin, long flap can survive on a single perforator.
 ...
PMID:Thin anterolateral thigh free flap. 1186 28

Bone is one of the most common sites of breast cancer metastasis. Metastases are often associated with bone destruction and are a major cause of morbidity. We examined structural bone changes induced by metastatic tumor in bone biopsies from 33 patients with metastatic breast carcinoma (20 from patients with pathological femoral fracture and 13 with no fracture) and 20 normal controls. In all metastatic biopsies bone remodeling was shown to be tumor volume-dependent. Bone resorption and bone formation were biphasic with both increasing at earlier stages of metastatic bone disease and decreasing later on. A comparison of patients with fracture and no fracture did not reveal statistically significant differences in the extent of bone destruction or trabecular thinning. Bone histomorphometry showed limited ability to explain the higher bone volume loss in fracture patients (decreases of 42% and 25%, respectively, in fracture and nonfracture patients compared with controls). However, changes in bone quality, including increased disconnectivity and decreased connectivity, as evaluated by node-strut analysis, suggested that there were more structural changes in the fracture compared with the nonfracture group. The nonfracture group included six patients with no radiological evidence of bone metastasis (occult metastasis). They showed a higher tumor volume and a twofold lower eroded surface compared with the rest of the group. The decrease in bone volume (14% lower than controls) was below the limit of X-ray detection. Because we observed no increase in osteoclast-related parameters and no correlation between osteoclast surface and eroded surface, we believe that, in occult metastasis, osteoclastic bone resorption is not an important factor in overall bone resorption. Quantitatively, the eroded surface in direct contact with tumor cells was threefold higher than the osteoclast surface in occult metastasis, whereas the rest of the metastatic group (27 of 33) showed predominantly osteoclast-mediated eroded surface. Node-strut analysis on occult metastasis revealed a significant increase in disconnectivity without a concomitant significant decrease in bone volume and trabecular thinning. We conclude that, in occult metastasis, bone resorption may be more osteoclast-independent and other mechanisms involving the tumor cells may be more prevalent.
 ...
PMID:Morphological, histomorphometric, and microstructural alterations in human bone metastasis from breast carcinoma. 1239 51

The benign fibrous histiocytoma is a rare tumor with only a few descriptions. In order to better define the optimal therapeutic procedure and the necessity of surgery we retrospectively analyzed the patients of the orthopedic department. Benign fibrous histiocytoma occurred in the femur (n = 3), pelvis (n = 2), humerus, tibia, fibula, rib and spine. Pain as the cardinal symptom and a median age of 28 years are factors that differentiate benign fibrous histiocytoma from other metaphyseal fibrous lesions such as the nonossifying fibroma. Radiographic investigation of this entity showed osteolytic lesions with eccentric thinning of the cortex and small fissures. To a variable extent, sclerosis was found in the margin of the lesions. Computer tomography revealed dense soft tissue in the lesions, but one lesion was filled with fluid. The tumor was restricted to bone, with no periosteal or soft tissue reaction. Magnetic resonance imaging showed enhancement of the tumor after administration of contrast medium. All lesions had uniform histological findings. Although no pathologic fracture occurred in any case, local expansion of the tumor was indicated by cortical thinning, small fissures and pain. This implied that the patients needed prophylactic curettage and bone grafting. Surgery restricted to the osteolytic area was sufficient to prevent recurrence.
 ...
PMID:Benign fibrous histiocytoma of bone: a report of ten cases and review of literature. 1240 38

In contrast to solitary enchondroma,patients with multiple enchondromatosis of bone (Ollier's disease) get affected in childhood by bone swelling and growth retardation. In adults, the main problem is the risk of malign transformation up to 40%.Pain, increasing local tumor and thinning of the corticalis are the typical clinical and radiological signs of transformation to a low grade chondrosarcoma. There is no need for a regular radiological screening. If a malign transformation occurs,marginal or wide resection of the lesion should be performed.
 ...
PMID:[Multiple enchondromatosis: Ollier's disease]. 1248 82

Myxoma/fibromyxoma of extragnathic bone is a rare, benign tumor. We report the case of a 19-year-old man with a myxoma/fibromyxoma of the pelvic bone, who presented with abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant. Radiographs demonstrated a tumor with central scattered calcifications and ossification in the left ilium. CT scans disclosed a solitary ellipsoid tumor with sclerotic borders and no evidence of cortical disruption. MRI showed homogeneous signal enhancement of the bone marrow with slight thinning of the medial iliac cortex. Final diagnosis by radiological characteristics was not conclusive and histopathological examination suggested the diagnosis of a myxoma/fibromyxoma.
 ...
PMID:Fibromyxoma of the iliac wing. 1260 84

Various materials have been proposed for cranial reconstruction. Bone autograft and alloplasts such as polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) cement are most commonly used at the present time. Patients submitted for cranioplasty were evaluated. The prognostic factors influencing the results and the outcome were analyzed. Three hundred twelve patients who had 449 procedures performed by a single surgeon to reconstruct a calvarial deformity between 1981 and 2001 were studied. Post-tumor resection deformity was the main reason for cranioplasty (32.4%). Bone graft was the material of choice (69.5%). The main surgical site was the frontal bone (53.2%). Complications were observed in 23.6% of cases and were responsible for the least satisfactory results (P > 0.001), with infection and material exposure being the most critical complications. The eventual outcome was considered good in 91.8% of cases. The use of HA cement was associated with the worst results (P > 0.001). Bone grafts showed a high grade of partial resorption and required further surgery for correction. Multiple surgical procedures were correlated with a high rate of complications and an unsatisfactory outcome. Bone graft and PMMA are still the best materials in calvarial reconstruction. Even though HA cement is an osteoconductive material, it seems to induce what appears to be an immunoguided delayed inflammatory reaction that leads to thinning of the skin and exposure of the material, making secondary repair difficult. Before deciding which reconstructive option to use, a careful evaluation of the patient in terms of diagnosis, number of previous surgeries, and surgical site should be undertaken. If this is adopted, good results and a satisfactory outcome can be achieved on long-term follow-up.
 ...
PMID:Clinical outcome in cranioplasty: critical review in long-term follow-up. 1262 Dec 83


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>