Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three patients who had a diagnosis of congenitally absent lumbar pedicle underwent CT examination. Findings showed that each patient had an aberrant hypoplastic pedicle plus a retroisthmic defect in the ipsilateral lamina rather than an absent pedicle. Axial CT was the diagnostic modality of choice; reformated images were of little value. The nature of the anomaly explains the difficulty in diagnosis by plain film radiography or tomographic study. The differential diagnosis to be considered from findings of plain film radiography includes pediculate thinning, neoplastic disease, neurofibroma, mesodermal dysplasia associated with neurofibromatosis, and vascular anomalies.
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PMID:Congenitally absent lumbar pedicle: a reappraisal. 646 53

Serial proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) images of distal upper extremities were obtained in four healthy volunteers and four patients with giant cell tumor of the distal radius. The steady-state-free-precession (SSFP) data collection technique and an 8-cm bore superconducting magnet (1.44 tesla) were used. All images demonstrated high spatial resolution and excellent soft-tissue contrast. In patients with giant cell tumor, the NMR images revealed bone marrow replacement by tumor, cortical bone thinning, and cortical bone destruction. The extent of tumor involvement was clearly delineated by the NMR images and corresponded to radiographic and surgical findings. NMR signal intensity was lower in tumors, suggesting altered relaxation times. These findings demonstrate that proton NMR imaging can provide high-resolution images of extremities and detect tumors by changes in both anatomic structure and relaxation times.
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PMID:NMR imaging of forearms in healthy volunteers and patients with giant-cell tumor of bone. 710 Apr 70

The authors stressed the reliability of lateral thin-section hypocycloidal tomography not only for the detection of pituitary microadenomas but also as an aid in surgical removal of them. Fourteen women with secondary amenorrhea were studied of which 13 cases showed high serum prolactin levels. Transsphenoidal surgery confirmed the presence of microadenomas less than 10 mm in all cases. The sellar volume measurement from plain radiographs of the skull was normal in all cases. The contour of the sella on plain lateral radiographs was abnormal in 4 cases (28.6%); double floor in 2 cases and localized ballooning in 2 cases. Hypocycloidal tomography was carried out at 2 mm intervals in both anteroposterior projection and lateral projection. Anteroposterior tomograms were abnormal in only 4 cases; each case with destruction of the sellar floor with small tumor shadow in the sphenoid sinus, central depression, lateral depression and sloping of the sellar floor. Lateral tomograms were, on the other hand, abnormal in all cases. Localized expansion with thinning in the anterior or anteroinferior portion of the sellar wall was found in 11 cases and the same finding in the inferior or inferoposterior portion of the sellar wall associated with thinning of the dorsum sellae was present in 3 cases. Lateral tomograms were considered more sensitive than anteroposterior tomograms from these results. We also studied the reliability of hypocycloidal tomography in the accurate localization of the tumor in comparing with the actual location of the tumor from the operative findings. In 12 cases the location of the tumor defined by hypocycloidal tomography was coincident with that by surgery. Moreover, when the sellar destruction was shown to be larger by hypocycloidal tomography, size of the tumor tended to be larger. These results suggested hypocycloidal tomography would be an accurate aid in surgical procedures.
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PMID:[Diagnosis of pituitary microadenoma by thin-section hypocycloidal tomography (author's transl)]. 745 35

The gradual corneal thinning seen in keratoconus may be due to altered degradation of the corneal extracellular matrix. Studies have shown that human keratocytes produce matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and two proteins (28 kDa and 21 kDa) that are capable of inhibiting the activity of MMP-2. In the present study, the 28 kDa inhibitor from keratoconus keratocyte cultures has been characterized as it may be important to the elevated MMP-2 activity seen in these cultures. Biochemical analyses indicated that this keratoconus corneal inhibitor was similar to TIMP-1 from other sources. Oligonucleotides to the reported sequence of human tumor cell TIMP-1 were used for reverse-transcriptase PCR to generate a 700 bp clone of the 28 kDa inhibitor from keratoconus keratocyte cytoplasmic RNA. Sequence analysis verified that the clone was nearly identical to the reported human TIMP-1 with a single base substitution that did not affect the predicted amino acid sequence. In addition, protein translated from the clone corresponded to the expected size. This data suggests that the elevated levels of gelatinolytic activity in these keratoconus keratocyte cultures is not due to a primary alteration of the TIMP-1 molecule. Protein expression studies of the TIMP-1 clone are currently underway.
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PMID:Characterization of a human corneal metalloproteinase inhibitor (TIMP-1). 750 19

Inverted papillomas in the nose and/or paranasal sinuses exhibit a high recurrence rate, and an association with malignancy. Early diagnosis and aggressive surgical therapy are thus essential. Seventeen cases of inverted papilloma seen at Saitama Cancer Center over a 17-year period were reviewed. Common presenting symptoms, the primary papilloma sites and the results of surgical treatment were as follows. 1) Almost all patients complained of nasal obstruction. The usefulness of nasal biopsy of the tumor was confirmed, with 12 cases being diagnosed as having inverted papilloma pre-operatively. Inverted papilloma without squamous cell carcinoma caused osseous thinning, but did not destroy the bone. 2) It was found that the primary site of the papilloma involved the lateral wall of the nasal cavity. Lateral Rhinotomy was therefore recommended as a standard treatment. 3) The recurrence rate was 1/12 after Lateral Rhinotomy. Two cases had complaints associated with the Lateral Rhinotomy, nasolacrimal duct stenosis, and a scar in the median corner of eye. 4) Only one case had concomitant squamous cell carcinoma in the nose and maxillary sinus. This patient received chemo therapy, radiation therapy and finally maxillectomy, but the inverted papilloma recurred several times. Six years later, squamous cell carcinoma recurred and lead to this patient's death.
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PMID:[Inverted papillomas in the nose and paranasal sinuses]. 820 7

Teratomas are rare germ cell tumors that comprise approximately 1% of orbital tumors in childhood. Review of the world literature revealed only 51 well-documented patients with true congenital orbital teratomas. We present a newborn girl with a massive orbital teratoma that caused significant orbital enlargement with inferior and lateral displacement of the zygoma and a thinning of the orbital roof. The ipsilateral maxilla and palate were depressed inferiorly. No bony invasion was seen despite its massive size. A craniofacial approach was used to safely and completely extirpate this tumor. Histological sections demonstrated derivatives of all three germ cell layers. Recommendations for definitive treatment and a review of the literature are presented.
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PMID:Massive orbital teratoma in the newborn. 828 32

A 54-year-old woman was hospitalized because of paraparesis, sensory disturbance of the lower extremities, and dysuria. Laboratory data included an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of 16 mm/h and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level of 459 IU/l. Myelogram showed an enlarged spinal cord at the L1 level, and spinal MRI revealed a high signal area on T2-weighted images. Spinal cord biopsy by thoraco-lumbar laminectomy showed thickening of the pia mater and neovascularization, but no malignant cells. Immediately after the operation, the patient displayed progressive mental deterioration. Cranial MRI showed widespread high signal areas in the cerebral white matter on T2-weighted images which resembled those of leukoencephalopathy. Steroid therapy was tried but was ineffective. Ten months after the onset of symptoms, a brief period of regression of both clinical symptoms and MRI appearances occurred following the administration of Inosiplex, subsequent progressive deterioration led to death 14 months after the onset of symptoms. LDH, C-reactive protein (CRP), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein were all elevated during the deterioration of her general status. Postmortem examination revealed a large tumor mass of the left adrenal gland which extended to the Th12, L1, and L2 vertebrae and remarkable brain edema. Microscopic mononuclear tumor cells were widespread but confined to the lumens of small vessels of the brain, spinal cord, spinal root and right adrenal gland, almost as if they were occluded. Cerebral white matter presented widespread multiple small infarcts and extensive myelin thinning. In addition to the left adrenal gland, interstitial invasions of tumor cells were discovered in the kidneys, iliopsoas muscles, oviducts, myocardium, lymph nodes, and thyroid gland.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[An autopsied case of intravascular malignant lymphomatosis with paraparesis, that presented a leukoencephalopathy-like image after spinal cord biopsy]. 836 55

The authors report a case of chondroblastoma in the unusual location of the temporal bone. CT findings do not differ dramatically from other reports: the lesion appeared as a soft-tissue density mass in the right temporal bone, with bony destruction and thinning of cortical margins. MR findings are more rare: on coronal T1-weighted images the lesion appeared as a mass, isointense to gray matter, centered in the right petrous bone; on axial T2-weighted images, as a mixed-intensity signal mass. They conclude that MR is an accurate indicator of the location and extension of the tumor, but that CT gives more specific information regarding bone involvement.
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PMID:Chondroblastoma of the temporal bone: CT and MR appearance. 842 13

Tumour invasion in the central nervous system (CNS) was studied using a mouse melanoma cell model. Attention was concentrated on the third ventricle as this site is distant from any implantation artefact. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the formation of tumour cell aggregates within the ventricle. Underlying ependymal cells showed loss of cilia and microvilli. Progressive thinning of the ependymal cells took place until continuity of the ependyma was lost through ependymal retraction. Tumour cells were then in direct contact with sub-ependymal neuroglial processes. Further invasion was then accomplished by penetration between neuropil processes, followed by tumour cell infiltration along the intact basement membrane of cerebral capillaries with displacement of astrocyte foot processes from the capillary basement membrane.
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PMID:Ultrastructural aspects of tumour invasion in the central nervous system. 843 19

The authors present 2 cases of tumours of third ventricle with intracranial hypertension and cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea. The cause of the CSF rhinorrhea most often was thinning of lamina ethmoidalis and dura mater and rarely intussusception of arachnoidea into the intrasellar space in patients with oval orifice for the stalk of pituitary body due to prolonged intracranial hypertension. Efficacious treatment of CSF rhinorrhea comprises not only removing of the tumor but also introducing the valve and in some cases tightening of the base of the anterior and middle fossa.
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PMID:[Two cases of colloid cysts of the third ventricle with nasal rhinorrhea]. 850 51


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