Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A rare case of primary malignant lymphoma of the skull was reported. A 74-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital complaining of a growing mass in her forehead where she had had minor trauma one month previously. On admission, neurological findings were normal and an elastic hard tumor (6 x 6 x 2 cm) was found in the right frontal region. Computed tomography (CT) showed a large soft tissue mass in the subcutaneous tissue and a small mass in the ethmoid sinus, with erosion at the inner and outer tables of the frontal bone. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a low intensity area in the bone marrow beneath the tumor. Right carotid angiography showed that the tumor was fed by branches of the ophthalmic artery in the arterial phase and stained in the capillary phase. Partial excision of the tumor was performed, but the affected bone was left because of her advanced age, even though thinning and spicular formation of the frontal bone were observed beneath the tumor in places. Pathological examination showed the tumor to be a malignant lymphoma of non-Hodgkin and diffuse mixed type. Postoperatively, systemic examinations were performed by 99mTechnetium-MDP bone scanning, 67Gallium citrate scanning, bone marrow puncture, and CT scanning, without any evidence of systemic lymphoma. The patient received postoperative chemotherapy with Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin HCl, Vindesine Sulfate, Prednisolone, and complete remission has been achieved for the 8 months since the operation.
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PMID:[Primary malignant lymphoma of the skull presenting as a growing mass in the forehead; a case report]. 203 20

A prospective study of 20 patients was conducted to determine changes in the computed tomography appearance of glioblastomas seen at the completion of radiation therapy. An interval CT was obtained after 4000 to 4500 cGy to the whole brain and was compared to a similar baseline study. The tumor volume increased in twelve patients by 13 to 878% (mean 126%) and decreased in seven by 13 to 73% (mean 37%). It remained unchanged in one patient. A broadening or thinning of the enhancing rim frequently accompanied the increased or decreased tumor, respectively. Volume change immediately after whole brain radiotherapy was no prognostic indicator. The volume increase seen in 60% of the patients had implications for treatment planning of the boost field. It translated into a potential field size increase of up to 5.6 cm (mean 3.5 cm) and could contribute to a geographic miss. It is concluded that following whole brain radiation therapy, a repeat CT scan or magnetic resonance imaging, depending on the initial exam, is necessary for optimal planning of the reduced radiation field.
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PMID:Glioblastoma oncometry. 217 56

The protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor staurosporine was found to dramatically alter the actin microfilament cytoskeleton of a variety of cultured cells, including PTK2 epithelial cells, Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts, and human foreskin fibroblasts. For example, PTK2 cells exposed to 20 nM staurosporine exhibited a progressive thinning and loss of cytoplasmic actin microfilament bundles over a 60-min period. During this time microtubule and intermediate filament systems remained intact (as shown by immunofluorescence and at higher resolution by photoelectron microscopy), and the cells remained spread even though microfilament bundles were absent. Higher doses of staurosporine or longer exposure times at lower doses resulted in morphological alterations, but even severely arborized cells recovered normal morphology and actin patterns after a wash and an incubation for several hours in fresh medium. The actin filament disruption induced by staurosporine was distinguishable from the actin reorganization induced by exposure to the tumor promoter (and activator of PKC) phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). Swiss 3T3 cells made deficient in PKC by prolonged exposure to PMA (PKC down-regulation) exhibited actin alterations in response to staurosporine which were comparable to those in cells which had not been exposed to the phorbol ester. In a parallel control experiment, the actin cytoskeleton of PKC-deficient 3T3 cells was unaffected in response to PMA, consistent with down-regulation of this kinase. While the exact mechanism of staurosporine-induced actin reorganization remains to be determined, the observed effects of staurosporine on PKC-deficient cells make a role for PKC unlikely. These results indicate the need for care when staurosporine is employed as an inhibitor of protein kinase C in studies involving intact cells.
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PMID:Staurosporine induces dissolution of microfilament bundles by a protein kinase C-independent pathway. 218 42

The purpose of this work was to detect in periductal connective tissue of breast carcinoma in situ changes induced by intraductal tumor cells before any dehiscence in basement membrane. Histological, electron microscopic, immunohistochemical and histoenzymological methods were used in 3 carcinomas in situ, 4 microinvasive carcinomas and 13 control invasive carcinomas. We could demonstrate a high functional activity of fibroblasts with secretion of mucopolysaccharides and type III collagen around intraductal carcinomas. These changes occurred simultaneously to those of the basement membrane which was either thinning or thickening. Any dehiscence in basement membrane secondarily induced in this periductal stroma the usual changes seen in invasive stroma, peculiarly numerous vascular pedicles, myofibroblasts, elastic material. These periductal stromal changes are interpreted according to recent concepts about the possible influence of tumor cells upon their environment: stimulation of mitotic and metabolic activity of fibroblasts: stimulation of angiogenesis by means of an angiogenic factor.
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PMID:Stromal changes in early invasive breast carcinoma. An immunohistochemical, histoenzymological and ultrastructural study. 231 15

Twenty-one dogs with spontaneously occurring appendicular osteosarcoma were given preoperative radiation therapy prior to a limb sparing procedure using a cortical allograft. Radiation doses were randomly assigned, ranged from 36-52 Gy in 4 Gy intervals, and were given in 10 equally-sized fractions on a M, W, F schedule. Seventeen of the 21 dogs underwent the limb sparing procedure approximately 3 weeks after completion of radiation therapy. Local tumor recurrence was documented in 4 of 17 dogs at mean and median times of 5.5 and 5.8 months, respectively, after initiation of radiation therapy. Three of 4 recurrences were in anatomic regions with sparse adjacent soft tissue which precluded wide excision. Complications were significant. Fixation device failure occurred in 9 of 17 dogs and was associated with host bone necrosis, muscle thinning and fibrosis of vessels and nerves in irradiated normal tissue. Incidence of host bone necrosis was directly related to radiation dose (Kendall's statistic, p = 0.005). Metastasis occurred in all 21 dogs. Mean and median times to metastasis in these dogs were 5.1 and 4.0 months, respectively, after initiation of radiation therapy. Local tumor control rates and survival times were higher in dogs developing allograft infection suggesting that infection acted as an immunostimulant. All local failures occurred in dogs that did not develop allograft infection and median survival times for uninfected versus infected dogs were 5 and 11 months, respectively (logrank test, p = 0.029). Increased tumor radiopacity following radiation therapy was significantly related to survival. Median survival in dogs whose tumors were characterized by decreased, unchanged or increased opacity after radiation therapy were 3.5 and 14 months, respectively (logrank test, p = 0.014). Based on the results of our study, radiation therapy can not be recommended as part of limb sparing treatments for patients with osteosarcoma at doses and dose per fraction values similar to those used herein.
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PMID:Radiotherapy prior to cortical allograft limb sparing in dogs with osteosarcoma: a dose response assay. 237 Jan 84

Adamantinoma of long bones is a rare, primary bone tumor of controversial histogenesis, usually arising in the anterior midshaft of the tibia. This slowly growing, radiolucent, expansile tumor eventually causes thinning or destruction of overlying cortical bone. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is a rapid, safe, and relatively painless means of obtaining diagnostic material from bone tumors, provided the mass has eroded through or markedly attenuated the overlying cortex. A case is presented of primary adamantinoma of the tibia which was sampled first by FNAB and subsequently by surgical biopsy.
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PMID:Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of tibial adamantinoma: a case report. 245 80

Etretinate is recognized to have unwanted cutaneous effects such as dryness of the skin, pruritus and hair thinning. Photosensitivity has rarely been observed as an adverse reaction but we now describe a renal transplant recipient who developed lesions of cutaneous porphyria apparently as a result of etretinate prescribed to suppress cutaneous neoplasia.
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PMID:Pseudoporphyria complicating etretinate therapy. 260 7

To characterize the cellular architecture of papillary and nonpapillary transitional cell carcinoma. 2 normal ureters, 6 papillary bladder cancers and 5 nonpapillary bladder cancers were subjected to light and electron microscopic study as well as three dimensional reconstruction by 0.5 microns thick serial sections. Normal urothelium consisted of three cell layers of the basal, intermediate and superficial cells, each of which was morphologically characterized in terms of cell shape and development of cell organelles. Over 90% of the epithelial cells were proved to be connected to the uniform basement membrane directly or with long, fine cytoplasmic processes, forming hemidesmosomes at the junctional portion. Papillary tumors had, as a rule, the same cellular architecture as that of normal epithelium in terms of the regularity of cellular polarity, arrangement and differentiation, and the connection to the basement membrane. But, in G2 tumors, the connection between the intermediate and superficial cells and the basement membrane failed to be confirmed in 7 to 44% of the cells, suggesting the heterogeneity of the tumors. In contrast, nonpapillary tumors showed a high irregularity of the cellular architecture in both lesions of stromal and intra-epithelial invasion. The development of the basement membrane was indefinite, often showing thinning or disruption where occasional cytoplasmic protrusion of the tumor cells into the lamina propria was found. Nearly all of the intermediate and superficial cells in the intraepithelial lesions proved not to communicate with the basement membrane. The present results indicate distinct differences of cellular architecture between the papillary and nonpapillary urothelial tumors, which may reflect not only the growth pattern but also the biological behaviour of the individual tumors.
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PMID:[Cellular architecture of papillary and nonpapillary transitional cell carcinoma]. 260 15

Pellets made of a carcinogenic substance, methylcholanthrene admixed with a high molecular substance, hydroxypropycellulose were implanted into the thigh of 90 Wistar white female rats of 5 weeks of age (3 groups, 30 rats each). Ten control rats did not receive the pellets. In group 1, the pellets were placed at the window made at the cortex of the right femur; in group 2, into the space between the cortex and the periosteum; in group 3, into the pouch created outside of the periosteum. Twenty weeks after implantation, spindle cell sarcoma developed in 28 rats of group 1, 27 of group 2, and 21 of group 3. Tumor invasions into the bone marrow of the femur were seen in 14 rats in group 1 (46.7%), 5 in group 2 (18.5%). In group 3, however, tumor invasion was not observed. There were significant differences in the frequency of tumor invasion between group 1 and 2 (p less than 0.01) as well as between group 2 and 3 (p less than 0.05). At implant sites, group 2 showed thinning out of periosteum, while group 3 exhibited thickening of both cortex and periosteum. This experimental results suggested that periosteum provides an important barrier in the bone against tumor invasion.
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PMID:[Localization and invasion of the femur in the rat by a soft tissue tumor induced by pellets made of hydroxypropylcellulose mixed with 20-methylcholanthrene: special reference to effects of the periosteum]. 273 32

Benign osteoblastoma accounts for less than 1% of the primary bone tumors and the calvarial lesion is extremely rare. There are only 12 reported cases in the literature as far as we could collect. We have presented a case of benign osteoblastoma originated from the parietal bone. This 9-year-old boy struck his head on the parietal region and noticed the bulging at the same site. A month later he visited to Fukuoka University Hospital because of persistent bulging of the same site. Neurological examinations were normal. Plain skull roentgenogram on Towne view showed radiolucent area in the midline of parietal bones with irregular margins and in tangential view the outer table revealed thinning and expanding. Coronal CT scan demonstrated same abnormality and intact inner table. The tumor was located within the dipole in the bilateral parietal bones and was removed by a simple curettage. The microscopic feature showed numerous osteoblasts, osteoblastic rimming and many multinucleated giant cells. These indicated a typical benign osteoblastoma. He has been doing well one year after the operation without any evidence of recurrence.
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PMID:[Benign osteoblastoma of the parietal bones]. 304 Dec 99


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