Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Vulval lichen sclerosus (L.S.) has been assessed clinically, colposcopically, and histologically to ascertain the suitability of including this condition in the nomenclature proposed by the International Society for the Study of Vulval Disease (I.S.S.V.D). In many cases the macroscopic appearance of lichen sclerosus is characteristic, but this is not always the case. Histologically, the appearances of the dermal hyaline change, the reduction in the length and the number of rete pegs, to a lesser extent thinning of the dermis and sometimes thinning of the epidermis are characteristics. The presence of dermal inflammatory cells and changes in the thickness of the keratin layer are, however, much more variable. Exact measurements of the various layers of the vulval skin are not necessary in the routine assessment of lichen sclerosus. The present study justifies the inclusion of lichen sclerosus on histological criteria in the I.S.S.V.D.'s nomenclature.
 ...
PMID:An assessment of vulval lichen sclerosus. 28 82

Comparative histological and neurohistological investigations in various atrophic conditions of the vulva (lichen sclerosus et atrophicans, vulvar kraurosis and senile vulvar atrophy) have been performed. Lichen sclerosus et atrophicans is an idiopathic disease within the group of atrophic inflammatory conditions. The main lesions involve the subepidermal zone which is surrounded by an inflammatory infiltration and shows at the same time the degeneration of all the fibrous and cellular components of the tissue. The resulting metabolic disturbances in the lesions enhance the degenerative processes. A neurohistological examination revealed pronounced symptoms of degeneration in the peripheral nervous system, which seems to be confirmed by the changes in LSA-lesions. Kraurosis vulvae is a separate disease and a peculiar variety of "sclerosing atrophy" leading to atrophy of the vulva and stenosis of the vaginal orifice, with atrophy of the elastic fibers, and with signs of the atrophy of the peripheral nervous network without features of degeneration. Senile atrophy of the vulva is an involuntary process without inflammatory features, in which the thinning of the entire skin and atrophy of the appendages and elastic fibers is accompanied by atrophy of the peripheral nervous system. The obtained results stress the differences which justify classification of these conditions as separate entities.
 ...
PMID:[Pathology of connective tissue and nerve fibers in lichen sclerosus et atrophicans and in genital atrophies]. 120 49

Histopathological and ultrastructural studies of 82 skin specimen from 81 cases of Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (LSA) are reported. Among 64 cases of fully developed LSA, 65 specimens showed atrophy of the epidermis and hydropic degeneration at the basal layer. The collagenous fibers were swollen and homogeneous n the superficial dermis with inflammatory cells infiltrating beneath the areas of collagenous homogenization. There were 4 early cases of LSA in which epithelial thinning with flattening of the rete ridges, lichenoid lymphocytes and some histiocytes in the papillary dermis and along the dermo-epidermal junction were seen. Lichen simplex chronicus superimposed upon LSA lesions was present in 13 cases showing hyperplastic epidermis, all other observations were the same as those described in fully developed LSA. By electron microscopy, the intercellular spaces in the lesions appeared dilated, particularly those near basal cells, and desmosomes were found to be fewer than normal. Some lymphocytes and neutrophilic granulocytes were seen in the epithelial basement membrane, which was thinner than that in normal samples. Collagen fibers of varying diameters were arranged irregularly and with unclear fine structures.
 ...
PMID:[Histopathological and ultrastructural studies of lichen sclerosus et atrophicus of the vulva]. 183 50

Morphea, or localized scleroderma, of the eyelids is an uncommon disease. Morphea usually involves the thorax, trunk, lower and upper extremities, face, and genitalia. In the present report a patient with a biopsy-proven morphea of both upper eyelids is described. The salient histopathologic features included thinning of the epidermis with thickening and sclerosis of the collagen fibers in both the papillary and reticular dermis. There was a marked decrease in the fibrocytes. The eccrine sweat glands were entrapped by sclerotic collagen fibers. The pilosebaceous units were markedly decreased in number. There was a moderate lymphocytic infiltration in the dermis and a prominent lymphocytic perivasculitis. The clinical and histopathologic features of morphea are compared with those of lichen sclerosus et atrophicus.
 ...
PMID:Morphea of the eyelids. 715 36

Early lesions of lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (LSA) may present as a mild lichenoid tissue reaction, occasionally together with basilar epidermotropism, mimicking early cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, mycosis fungoides (MF) variant. We report a case of extragenital LSA in which both histological patterns were present in the same clinically homogenous and stable lesion. A 27-year-old man presented with a history of white atrophic plaques on the trunk. A biopsy of an abdominal lesion revealed epidermal thinning, a superficial perivascular lymphoid cell infiltrate with focal epidermotropism, mild nuclear atypia and perinuclear halos. Immunophenotyping showed decreased CD5 and CD7, with a slight predominance of CD8-positive T-lymphocytes. All these changes were suggestive of MF. However, a repeat biopsy 3 months later from the same stable plaque revealed features diagnostic of LSA. LSA mimicking early MF histologically has been reported in genital skin. Conversely, MF may clinically and histopathologically resemble LSA. With gene rearrangement studies, clonal proliferation may not be detected in early MF but has been reported to occur in LSA. Awareness of the histopathologic spectrum of LSA within a stable plaque is important to avoid a potential diagnostic pitfall, and should prompt a repeat biopsy.
 ...
PMID:Extragenital lichen sclerosus et atrophicus mimicking cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: report of a case. 1990 17

Vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis characterized by ivory-white plaques or patches with glistening surface commonly affecting the vulva and anus. Common symptoms are irritation, soreness, dyspareunia, dysuria, and urinary or fecal incontinence. Anogenital lichen sclerosus (LS) is characterized by porcelain-white atrophic plaques, which may become confluent extending around the vulval and perianal skin in a figure of eight configuration. Thinning and shrinkage of the genital area make coitus, urination, and defecation painful. LS is not uncommon in India and present as an itchy vulvar dermatosis which a gynecologist may mistake for candidal vulvovaginitis. There is often a delay in diagnosis of VLS due to its asymptomatic nature and lack of awareness in patients as well as physicians. Embarrassment of patients due to private nature of the disease and failure to examine the genital skin properly are the other reasons for delay in diagnosis. There is no curative treatment for LS. Various medications available only relieve the symptoms. Chronic nature of the disease affects the quality of life. Proper and regular follow-up is required as there are chances of the development of squamous cell carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus. 2870 5