Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Persistent microscopic haematuria, especially when present in young individuals and associated with proteinuria, is generally of glomerular origin. Important causes include glomerulonephritis and Alport's syndrome. A new type of benign familial haematuria has now been reported characterised by little or no proteinuria, no deafness or hypertension and no deterioration of renal function. Examination by electron microscopy of renal biopsy material shows thinning or attenuation of the glomerular basement membrane. A family with thin basement membrane nephropathy is reported to illustrate this newly recognised entity. This disorder should be considered in any patient with persistent microscopic haematuria. Pathologists who assess renal biopsy material should pay greater attention to an ultrastructural morphometric analysis of the glomerular basement membranes of at least two glomeruli.
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PMID:Familial haematuria due to thin basement membrane nephropathy. 237 Oct 4

To examine the time course of the functional consequences of progressive left ventricular hypertrophy, diastolic left ventricular inflow and wall thinning variables were analyzed in 13 dogs before and 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after creation of perinephritic hypertension. Left ventricular echocardiograms were digitized for dimensions, mass and peak rates of wall thinning (-dh/dt/h) and cavity enlargement (dD/dt/D). Doppler recordings of left ventricular inflow were analyzed for peak early (E) and late (A) diastolic inflow velocities, their ratio and atrial filling fraction. At 2 weeks, systolic blood pressure increased from 151 to 233 mm Hg, wall stress from 52 to 80 kdynes/cm2 and posterior wall thickness from 0.68 to 0.84 cm (all p less than 0.05). Left ventricular mass increased from 90 to 115 g over 12 weeks (p less than 0.05). Heart rate, cavity size and systolic shortening were unchanged at all data points. Diastolic abnormalities accompanied the developing hypertrophy and included impairment of early function, as demonstrated by a peak rate of wall thinning, from -13.4 to -8.9 l/s at 2 weeks (p less than 0.05), increased dependence on atrial systolic filling, a decrease in E/A from 1.68 to 1.29 at 4 weeks (p less than 0.05) and an increase in atrial filling fraction from 30% to 43% at 8 weeks (p = NS). Thus, diastolic dysfunction is an early consequence of experimental left ventricular hypertrophy. Different aspects of diastolic impairment are sensitively reflected by echocardiographic Doppler recordings, suggesting that these methods should be useful for the detection of diastolic dysfunction in human patients.
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PMID:Alterations in diastolic function in response to progressive left ventricular hypertrophy. 252 6

Diffuse narrowing of the internal mammary artery graft (IMAG), the thinning phenomenon, was found in 8 (6.7%) out of 120 IMAGs underwent postoperative angiography. There were 6 males and 2 females, and mean age was 55.3 ranged from 37 to 70 year-old. There was no significant correlation with hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus or hypertension. Grafted coronary arteries were 6 anterior descending, one diagonal and one circumflex arteries. Diameter of them was 1.5 mm in one and 2 mm in 7. severity of stenosis of proximal coronary artery was 100% in one, 90-99% in one and less than 90% in 6. Undivided sizable costal or pericardial branches were found in 4 patients. All eight patients were alive without angina, although mild positive stress EKG changes were noted in two patients. In conclusion, a high resistance state such as a good competitive native coronary flow was thought to be the most important factor for the diffuse narrowing of IMAG, and close follow up should be needed because its outcome is still unknown.
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PMID:[Diffuse narrowing of the internal mammary artery graft--the thinning phenomenon]. 257 38

Clinical histories and renal biopsies were reviewed in 12 children with acute tubulointerstitial nephritis, which was drug related in eight, idiopathic in one, and multifactorial in three. Presentation with rashes and hypertension was most common in patients with drug-associated nephritis. Eosinophils, which were present in the majority of the renal biopsies, did not distinguish between drug-related and non-drug-related disease. The majority of the children had a good outcome irrespective of the insulting agent. Frequent tubular basement membrane breaks were identified in seven of the biopsies but were not associated with a poor outcome. Proximal tubule brush border thinning, demonstrated by periodic acid-Schiff and Tetragonolobus lotus staining, paralleled the severity of acute renal failure. Lectin and immunohistochemical techniques to identify proximal tubules (Tetragonolobus lotus), thick ascending limb of Henle (anti-Tamm-Horsfall protein antibodies), and collecting ducts (Arachis hypogaea) allowed better delineation of sites of inflammation and injury, showed collecting tubules to be involved in all cases, and demonstrated that small atrophic tubules were able to maintain the ability to stain with the appropriate lectin/antibody. It is proposed that studies using these techniques may better identify the nephron sites involved in a variety of renal diseases involving tubular segments.
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PMID:Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis in children: clinical, morphologic, and lectin studies. A report of the Southwest Pediatric Nephrology Study Group. 268 4

This review outlines the findings associated with topical minoxidil use. Approximately one-third of the treated patients will obtain terminal hair growth using a 2 to 3% solution twice a day. Patients should receive treatment for a minimum of six months to evaluate the drug's efficacy. Factors associated with patients who obtained new hair growth include: a thinning versus absolute baldness, treatment initiated at a relatively younger age, and hair growth noted within three months. Following a positive growth response, there may be a reduction in new hair growth gained with minoxidil use for more than one year. Stopping the medication is associated with an exacerbation of hair loss. Currently, patients with hypertension, cardiovascular disease, or any serious systemic illness should be excluded from therapy. Patients should be monitored every four to six months, or sooner with any complaints. Initial evaluation should include monitoring of the blood pressure, pulse, electrocardiogram and serum lipid determinations.
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PMID:Topical minoxidil: its use in treatment of male pattern baldness. 306 59

Left ventricular hypertrophy due to aortic stenosis, hypertension and other forms of heart disease is associated with abnormalities of diastolic function. It is uncertain whether these changes are an inherent consequence of the hypertrophic process or represent additional pathologic factors. To investigate this issue, echocardiographic indexes of left ventricular early diastolic function in highly trained athletes were compared with those in age-matched normal control subjects. Athletes were equally classified into two groups: 11 swimmers who had a pattern of myocardial hypertrophy with normal wall thickness to dimension ratio and 11 power lifters whose wall thickness to dimension ratio was increased. The peak rates of left ventricular dimension increase and wall thinning in swimmers and power lifters were greater than in control subjects despite significantly higher left ventricular wall thickness and left ventricular mass index in the athletes. This increase in diastolic function indexes was associated with greater ventricular size and systolic performance. Normalization of the peak rate of dimension increase for end-diastolic dimension and adjustment of the peak rate of wall thinning for the fractional systolic thickening resolved any differences between groups. Thus, after the effects of ventricular size and systolic function were taken into consideration, diastolic function was normal in these subjects with considerable physiologic hypertrophy. This is in contrast to the findings in patients with hypertrophy associated with left ventricular pressure or volume overload, and suggests that abnormalities of diastolic function seen in pathologic hypertrophy are due to factors other than cardiac hypertrophy itself.
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PMID:Left ventricular diastolic function in elite athletes with physiologic cardiac hypertrophy. 316 24

In the prospective Basel longitudinal study on aging (1955-1978) 123 men (age at entry from 6-61 years) were investigated in 2 year (average) intervals. Complete case histories are available on 67 subjects over the entire period (19.6 +/- 0.85 years). Part I of the study was to confirm the hypothesis of Bernstein and of Steinhaus, according to which life expectancy can be estimated from the speed of development of presbyopia. Parallel to the measurement of accommodation range (after preliminary determination of refraction and visual acuity), the development of height, body weight, vital capacity, expiratory volume, chest circumference, abdominal circumference, blood pressure, ECG and pulse wave velocity were measured. Invasive investigations were not undertaken. Only when hypertension was combined with obesity was the diminution of accommodation range striking (Fig. 10c; however there were only 3 subjects in this risk group). Taking everything into consideration there was a concomitance between decrease of accommodation range and changes of medical parameters (Table 6). Intercurrent illness did not influence the accommodation range. Longitudinal measurements and cross-sectional comparisons (data averaged to the same point as of the same age) were carried out. The results did not always coincide. We could not confirm the hypothesis of Bernstein and of Steinhaus. In Part II the results of the objective measurements are given. Apparently growth of the skull does not stop entirely. The increase of interpupillary distance can be complete at 17 years of age, but also can continue to the 30th year. The palpebral fissure increases an average of 3 mm more horizontally between the 6th and the 20th year of life. The corneal diameter remains constant in all age classes, that is, the growth of the cornea should be complete before the 6th year of life. Early arcus senilis changes are found already in the 20-year-old. The increase in the course of time of arcus senilis is obvious, it is most pronounced in obese hypertensives. Still there are persons who at 65 years of age show no arcus senilis. In the 20th year degenerative deposits in the conjunctiva begin. They increase in number and above the 60th year all subjects showed degenerative deposits. Aqueous veins are less visible in younger subjects. With increasing age--as a result of degenerative thinning of the conjunctiva--they are recognizable in ever greater numbers. The depth of the anterior chamber attains its greatest extent between the 20th and the 30th year.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:The Basel longitudinal study on aging (1955-1978). Ophthalmo-gerontological research results. 362 22

To determine left ventricular (LV) structural and functional changes induced by ultraendurance exercise training, M-mode LV echograms and Doppler recordings of LV inflow velocity in 26 triathletes and 17 normal subjects were studied. All triathletes trained 20 to 40 hours/week in swimming, cycling and running for more than 2 years. Structurally, triathletes had normal LV systolic and diastolic cavity dimensions, but increased wall thickness (1.05 +/- 0.26 vs 0.80 +/- 0.27 cm in normal subjects, p less than 0.001), increased relative wall thickness, or h/R ratio (0.41 +/- 0.10 cm vs 0.33 +/- 0.11 cm in normal subjects, p less than 0.001), and increased LV mass (226 +/- 60 vs 143 +/- 54 g in normal subjects, p less than 0.001). LV mass correlated closely with mean exercise blood pressure during an 8-hour exercise test in 14 triathletes (r = 0.88). Systolic function at rest was similar in both groups, with no differences in fractional shortening or end-systolic stress. Diastolic LV function measured by digitized M-mode echo was similar in normal subjects and triathletes, with no differences in peak rates of cavity enlargement and wall thinning by echocardiogram. In contrast, the Doppler-derived ratio of early-to-late LV inflow velocities was slightly increased in triathletes (p less than 0.05). It is concluded that ultraendurance training produces a physiologic pattern of moderate pressure overload LV hypertrophy, in proportion to the hemodynamic load imposed during prolonged exercise. Unlike the abnormal hypertrophy of systemic hypertension, early diastolic function remains normal in the triathlete heart.
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PMID:Left ventricular structure and function by echocardiography in ultraendurance athletes. 376 22

Although osteoma of the paranasal sinus is comparatively common, involvement of the sphenoidal sinus region is extremely rare. Lame reported that a total of twelve cases had been described in the European literature since 1800. Mikaelin, Kulczynski and Dolan, since then, described three cases. This paper deals with two surgical cases of sphenoidal sinus osteoma, reviewing literature on paranasal sinus osteoma and differential diagnosis in the sphenoidal sinus lesion. Case 1. A 20-year-old man was referred to us by an ophthalmologist, complaining of left visual disturbance (visual acuity: 0.02). He had a past history of chronic sinusitis. Neurological examination revealed papilledema on the left. Plain skull X-ray film showed marked destruction of the sphenoidal sinus and tomography demonstrated thinning and expanding of the sella floor with cloudiness in the sphenoidal sinus. CT scan showed an irregular high density mass in the sphenoidal sinus. Sublabial-nasoseptal sphenoidotomy was performed. The sinus was occupied by homogeneous osseous tissue surrounded by thin fibrous tissue. The osseous part was removed as much as possible by a high speed air drill. Histopathologic examination confirmed mature osteoma. Postoperative course was uneventful and left visual acuity was improved up to 0.06. He is now doing well without recurrence for six months. Case 2. A 59-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital, complaining of acromegaly for ten years. She had a past history of chronic sinusitis, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and left putaminal hemorrhage which was evacuated five months before. She had typical acromegalic features and serum levels of growth hormone was 65.8 ng/ml.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Osteoma of the sphenoid sinus--report of two cases]. 380 13

Computerized M-mode echocardiography was used to evaluate left ventricular anatomy and function in 20 patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus, without signs of overt heart disease. A similar study was performed in 20 patients with hypertension of similar severity and duration and in 20 normal subjects. Mean posterior wall thickness and mean septal thickness were increased in hypertensive patients compared to normal (p less than 0.001), but diabetic patients had thicker septa with respect to nondiabetics (p less than 0.05). All hypertensive-diabetic patients had reduced peak lengthening rate and/or peak velocity of posterior wall thinning. Six of them also had reduced peak Vcf and/or peak velocity of posterior wall thickening. Only 9 of the 20 patients with hypertension alone had abnormal diastolic function; 4 out of these 9 also had abnormal systolic function. We conclude that diabetes causes more severe impairment of left ventricular function in patients with a similar degree of hypertension. The more consistent abnormalities are reduced rate of dimension increase during filling and slower wall thinning, suggesting impaired left ventricular relaxation and distensibility.
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PMID:Echocardiographic features of hypertensive-diabetic heart muscle disease. 381 51


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