Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Esophageal suction biopsies were taken in 24 subjects with proven gastroesophageal reflux, 12 subjects with suspected reflux, and 20 healthy controls. Sixty-two percent of the patients with proven reflux, 33% of the patients with suspected reflux, and 10% of the control subjects had neutrophilic and/or eosinophilic granulocytes in the lamina propria. Lymphocytes, plasma cell, and basophilic granulocytes were shown to be constituents of the normal esophageal mucosa. All epithelial dimensions showed marked individual variations in reflux patients and controls. The relative length of stromal papillae as expressed in percent of total epithelial thickness showed a linear correlation with relative basal cell thickness and an indirect linear correlation with epithelial thickness. Elongation of stromal papillae in proven reflux could only be demonstrated by arbitrary retrospective stratification of the data. Hyperplasia of the basal zone and thinning of the epithelium were not observed in the reflux patients. It is concluded that granulocytic infiltrates and not epithelial alterations are the most prominent histological finding in gastroesophageal reflux.
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PMID:Esophageal histology in gastroesophageal reflux. Morphometric findings in suction biopsies. 92 Jul 5

Submandibular salivary glands of male rats weighing 330-350 g were examined after space flight and ground-based control study. Light microscopy was carried out using hematoxylin-eosin staining and PAS-reaction. Electron microscopy was performed using glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide fixation and contrasting according to Reynolds. Light microscopy revealed no destructive changes in the gland parenchyma; differences between flight and control rats remained within physiological limits. Electron microscopy of acinar cells of flight animals showed chromatin condensation, darkening of cells and nuclei, appearance of electron-dense vacuoles, fragmentation fo the granular endoplasmatic reticulum as well as enlargement of interstitial spaces, lumens of acini and intercellular canaliculi, loosening of basal membranes, and thinning of capillary walls. Electron microscopy of acinar cells of control rats demonstrated chromatin condensation in nuclei and fragmentation of the GER. Thus, both animal groups exhibited ultrastructural signs of inhibition of the synthesis and excretion of salivary protein. In addition, flight animals showed increased excretion and, probably, secretion of water and electrolytes. Examinations of granulocytes revealed enlargement of secretory granules in both animal groups, the largest granules being seen in flight animals. They also showed mitochondrial swelling which was most significant in control rats. After the ground-based study cells of the striated compartment also displayed a very distinct mitochondrial swelling which may reduce the reabsorption capacity and enhance salivation of the compartment. However the mechanism of these changes seems to be different from that underlying changes after real space flight.
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PMID:[Ultrastructure of the submandibular glands in rats kept in weightlessness]. 245 45

Isochromosome 18p (i(18p)), is a rare chromosomal disorder that occurs once in about every 140,000 live births and affects males and females equally. Most of the cases are due to a de novo formation but in the literature familial cases were reported. Here, we report a young female with dysmorphic features as microcephaly, frontal bossing, strabismus, low-set ears, small pinched up nose, small mouth, high palate and long philtrum, presenting a small metacentric chromosome. Besides the dysmorphic features she also has gastroesophageal reflux, spasticity, strabismus and specific brain MRI findings as dilatation of the right lateral ventricle trigonum occipital horn (colpocephaly), thinning of the corpus callosum especially of the posterior part and abnormality of the white matter myelinisation at the frontal and occipital region. Particularly the MR findings are rarely reported in the literature.
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PMID:A case with a rare chromosomal abnormality: isochromosome 18p. 2042 32

As a master component of endosomal sorting complex required for transport proteins, hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (Hgs) participates multiple cellular behaviors. However, the physiological role of Hgs in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) is by far unknown. Here we explored the in vivo function of Hgs in SMCs by using a conditional gene knockout strategy. Hgs deficiency in SMCs uniquely led to a progressive dilatation of esophagus with a remarkable thinning muscle layer. Of note, the mutant esophagus showed a decreased contractile responsiveness to potassium chloride and acetylcholine stimulation. Furthermore, an increase in the inhibitory neurites along with an intense infiltration of T lymphocytes in the mucosa and muscle layer were observed. Consistently, Hgs deficiency in SMCs resulted in a disturbed expression of a set of genes involved in neurotrophin and inflammation, suggesting that defective SMC might be a novel source for excessive production of cytokines and chemokines which may trigger the neuronal dysplasia and ultimately contribute to the compromised esophageal motility. The data suggest potential implications in the pathogenesis of related diseases such as gastroesophageal reflux disease.
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PMID:Smooth Muscle Hgs Deficiency Leads to Impaired Esophageal Motility. 2607 21