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Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The cause of glaucoma in 131 enucleated eyes from 128 cats was determined in a retrospective histologic study. Obliteration of the ciliary cleft by diffuse iridal melanoma (38 eyes), or other neoplasms (14 eyes), or by the presence of idiopathic lymphocytic-plasmacytic anterior uveitis (53 eyes) were the most frequent lesions likely to explain the development of glaucoma. Secondary changes of inner retinal atrophy, optic disc cupping, scleral thinning with megaglobus, and atrophy of ciliary processes were similar to those described in dogs and human beings with chronic glaucoma. In light of the duration and severity of the glaucoma, the degree of inner retinal atrophy was often less than expected. Diffuse corneal edema and breaks in Descemet's membrane, changes typical of glaucoma in other species, were rarely detected. Eyes with chronic uveitis and glaucoma had collapsed ciliary clefts, iridoscleral adhesions, and posterior displacement of the iris. We were unable to determine whether these changes were consequences of the uveitis and thus responsible for the development of glaucoma, or if they were merely the result of the chronic glaucoma itself.
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PMID:The causes of glaucoma in cats. 230 79

Three patients had pellucid marginal corneal degeneration complicated by corneal edema. The corneal edema appeared to be a result of a break or detachment of Descemet's membrane as a result of increasing corneal ectasia. The disruption in Descemet's membrane began just above the inferior, crescent-shaped area of stromal thinning. Therapeutic modalities initially included hypertonic solution to determine whether corneal edema would resolve spontaneously, apparently by endothelial migration with healing over the break in Descemet's membrane. One patient required thermokeratoplasty and another penetrating keratoplasty for persistent stromal edema. Acute hydrops can occur with pellucid marginal corneal degeneration by a pathogenesis similar to other noninflammatory corneal thinning disorders such as keratoconus.
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PMID:Acute hydrops in pellucid marginal corneal degeneration. 264 81

Transscleral neodymium (Nd):YAG cyclophotocoagulation, a new cyclodestructive procedure for controlling intraocular pressure in patients with refractory glaucoma, is designed to penetrate the sclera and selectively destroy the ciliary body and processes without damaging the overlying tissue. Complications include conjunctival edema, corneal edema, iritis, gas in the anterior chamber, pain, hyphema, hypopyon, vitreous hemorrhage, and cataract. We present a case in which a patient developed focal areas of scleral thinning 6 weeks after transscleral Nd:YAG cyclophotocoagulation. The possibility of scleral damage or thinning should be kept in mind when performing the procedure.
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PMID:Focal scleral thinning after transscleral Nd:YAG cyclophotocoagulation. 271 Apr 91

Pellucid marginal corneal degeneration is a bilateral disease characterized by a narrow band of corneal thinning localized 1-2 mm from the inferior limbus. The disease is diagnosed usually between 20 and 50 years of life, and its etiology remains obscure. During the clinical course and evolution of pellucid marginal corneal degeneration, acute hydrops with corneal edema in the lower half may develop (acute pellucid marginal corneal degeneration). However, since cases of acute pellucid marginal corneal degeneration are not frequently encountered in clinical practice, each new patient is evaluated and managed with the utmost care to contribute to our better understanding of this disease. This is a report of two cases of acute pellucid marginal corneal degeneration that had a relatively favorable functional outcome when treated medically, so that corneal grafting was not necessary.
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PMID:Acute pellucid marginal corneal degeneration. 321 64

Keratoglobus is a bilateral corneal disease characterised by thinning and protrusion of the entire corneal surface. The cornea is of normal size and usually transparent. Acute corneal edema due to rupture of Descemet's membrane and perforation even from minimal trauma are the most frequent complications. Keratoglobus may be associated with blue sclera, hyperextensibility of the joints or auditory problems. Most often it is a congenital disease with autosomal recessive transmission, but it may be secondarily acquired to an advanced keratopathy (keratoconus), to trauma or to exophthalmos. We report 5 cases of keratoglobus. 4 patients underwent penetrating keratoplasty. The anatomical abnormalities of congenital keratoglobus (3 cases) are constants : an absent Bowman's membrane, a disorganized stroma containing granular material, a thickened, striated Descemet's membrane with breaks, folds and verrucosities. On the other hand, acquired keratoglobus (1 case) shows localised breaks in Bowman's membrane resembling those of keratoconus. The anatomopathological differences are discussed.
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PMID:[Keratoglobus]. 388 24

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is a primary or adjuvant therapeutic method used in treatment of various acute or chronic disorders. Currently, eye diseases are among the off-label use of hyperbaric oxygen. However, there is an increasing body of evidence showing its safety and efficacy in retinal artery occlusion, cystoid macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion, scleral thinning and necrosis faced after pterygium surgery, orbital rhino-cerebral mucormycosis, nonhealing corneal edema, and anterior segment ischemia. Its potential to treat some blinding disease has also been pointed out in recent studies. This article constitutes an up-to-date summary of knowledge and therapeutic use of hyperbaric oxygen, and aims to contribute understanding of current and potential use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in ophthalmology.
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PMID:The use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in ophthalmology. 1834 77

A 28-year-old male who underwent uneventful radial keratotomy for myopic correction 8 years earlier presented with sudden decrease in vision in the right eye. Slitlamp examination revealed 16 healed radial corneal scars in both eyes along with marked corneal edema and conjunctival congestion in the right eye. The Scheimpflug cross-sectional image of the right cornea displayed an intrastromal aqueous cleft in communication with the anterior chamber, consistent with the diagnosis of acute hydrops. The topographic and pachymetric analysis of the left eye revealed increased paracentral elevation of the anterior and posterior corneal surfaces along with inferotemporal thinning, consistent with the presence of keratectasia in the fellow eye. The hydrops resolved with subsequent corneal scarring 2 weeks after medical therapy with topical steroids, hypertonic saline, cycloplegics, and lubricants. This case emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive preoperative topographic assessment to rule out subclinical keratoconus to minimize complications such as keratectasia and hydrops.
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PMID:Acute hydrops in keratectasia after radial keratotomy. 2038 52

Keratoconus (KCN) is an ectatic disorder with progressive corneal thinning and a clinical picture of corneal protrusion, progressive irregular astigmatism, corneal fibrosis and visual deterioration. Other ectatic corneal disorders include: post-LASIK ectasia (PLE) and pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD). Corneal crosslinking (CXL) is a procedure whereby riboflavin sensitization with ultraviolet A radiation induces stromal crosslinks. This alters corneal biomechanics, causing an increase in corneal stiffness. In recent years, CXL has been an established treatment for the arrest of KCN, PLE and PMD progression. CXL has also been shown to be effective in the treatment of corneal infections, chemical burns, bullous keratopathy and other forms of corneal edema. This is a current review of CXL - its biomechanical principles, the evolution of CXL protocols in the past, present and future, indications for treatment, treatment efficacy and safety.
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PMID:Corneal collagen crosslinking: a systematic review. 2475 84

A 10-mo-old female red kangaroo (Macropus rufus) presented with a unilateral congenital corneal opacity OD. Complete ophthalmic examination revealed a shallow anterior chamber and a focal area of corneal edema with multiple persistent pupillary membranes extending from the iris colarette to the corneal endothelium adjacent to the edematous area of cornea. High-resolution B-scan ultrasound of the anterior segment showed an area consistent with thinning of Descemet's membrane in the area of corneal edema. Ophthalmic examination and ultrasound findings are consistent with a diagnosis of Peters anomaly, a form of anterior segment dysgenesis. An electroretinogram performed on the affected animal did not reveal any specific abnormalities. Karyotype analyses revealed a normal diploid number (2n = 20, -XX), with an abnormal pericentric inversion in the second largest chromosomal pair. The kangaroo exhibits mild compensated vision deficits in the affected eye. The maternal and paternal adult pairing has been discontinued in an effort to prevent future offspring anomalies.
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PMID:Peters anomaly in a red kangaroo (Macropus rufus). 2531 51

This is a case report describing two cases of disciform corneal edema following uncomplicated selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) thought to be secondary to herpes simplex virus (HSV) given the presence of a dendrite, decreased corneal sensation, corneal thinning, and response to therapy with oral and topical antivirals. Corneal edema after SLT treatment has been reported before, but the etiology has been unclear. Our cases highlight HSV as a likely etiology, which may help with prevention and better management of such cases in the future.
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PMID:Herpetic Stromal Keratitis following Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty. 2698 40


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