Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0851184 (thinning)
 11,252 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied 3 eyes from 2 patients with posterior keratoconus. One patient (a 17-year-old female) had posterior keratoconus bilaterally and the other (a 8-year-old male) had posterior keratoconus in one eye and Peters' anomaly in the contralateral eye. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy disclosed localized thinning with stromal haze underlying the endothelium in the central cornea. Photokeratoscopy revealed no abnormalities suggestive of anterior keratoconus. Wide-field specular microscopy showed the endothelial cells with normal cell density (approximately 3500 cells/mm2) and morphology in both the peripheral and central corneas (adjacent to the hazy areas).
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PMID:[Two cases of posterior keratoconus]. 187 24

The present study determined the effect of the full range of humidities on the deswelling function of the human cornea. The closed-eye deswelling function and the open-eye deswelling responses for five different levels of humidity (0%, 25%, 60%, 85%, and 100%) were assessed for 8 normal, young-adult subjects. Open-eye corneal deswelling for the 8 subjects was unaffected by relative humidities from 0 to 100%. Therefore, osmotically-driven corneal thinning effect of tear evaporation does not significantly contribute to the deswelling function of the human cornea. We conclude, contrary to recent reports, that the endothelial pump is the primary mechanism that maintains normal corneal thickness and provides recovery from stromal edema.
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PMID:Effect of humidity on the deswelling function of the human cornea. 189 66

Keratoconus is a condition in which the cornea assumes a complex irregular curvature caused by central corneal thinning. The abnormal topography of the cornea in combination with central corneal scarring results in an impaired visual acuity. Even in mild cases spectacles do not correct vision adequately. The use of hard contact lenses with a spherical geometry in the past has already given a marked therapeutic improvement. The use of these lenses however, is complicated by hypoxia and mechanical trauma of the cornea. These complications could theoretically be avoided by fitting elliptical lenses with a high oxygen transmission. To investigate this hypothesis we compared low oxygen-permeable spherical lenses with high oxygen-permeable elliptical contact lenses in a group of twenty patients with mild keratoconus. Our results showed both a marked subjective and objective visual improvement after fitting elliptical lenses with a low incidence of complications.
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PMID:Improvement of visual acuity and corneal physiology in keratoconus by fitting aspherical, high oxygen-permeable contact lenses. 191 21

A 45 year old caucasian female underwent longterm psychiatric treatment including Oxypertin. Ocular changes occurred in close time relation with the treatment of oxypertin: Corneal sicca-syndrome was found at first in both eyes, later on severe corneal scaring, vascularisation, and thinning indicated the need of further ophthalmologic treatment. Although the psychiatric treatment was stopped the ocular effects remained and keratoplasty had to be performed in the right eye. A case report is given to show the clinical and histopathologic aspect of the cornea in a patient undergoing treatment with a new designed and widely used neuroleptic drug.
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PMID:Case report: oxypertin-induced keratopathy? 198 7

Keratoconus is a corneal thinning disorder usually localized to the paracentral cornea. Though acute hydrops has been well described, perforation in keratoconus is an extremely rare event. We report a case of keratoconus with acute hydrops and perforation.
Cornea 1991 Jan
PMID:Keratoconus with acute hydrops and perforation. Brief case report. 201 14

Freehand corneoscleral lamellar grafts were used in the treatment of advanced Terrien's marginal degeneration of the cornea in four eyes of three patients followed over a period of 12 to 20 years. Anatomic reconstruction of the ectatic thinned peripheral cornea was achieved and irregular astigmatism eliminated in all four eyes. Corneal astigmatism secondary to the corneal ectasia was reduced by 4.00 to 9.00 diopters. The progressive increase in against-the-rule astigmatism associated with advancing Terrien's was arrested for up to 20 years. Gradual thinning of the lamellar graft was noted in all four eyes after 10 years, but the return of corneal ectasia and increasing astigmatism has not occurred.
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PMID:Corneoscleral freehand lamellar keratoplasty in Terrien's marginal degeneration of the cornea--long-term results. 204 40

In order to identify the direct pathogenic factors involved in the stromal thinning of keratoconus, quantitative analysis of keratocytes, collagen fibers and collagen lamellae in keratoconus cornea was performed histologically by light and electron microscopy. Both normal and keratoconus corneas showed a similar cell density of keratocytes in the central stroma, therefore the total number of keratocytes in keratoconus cornea might be smaller than that of controls, because of the thinning of stroma in the keratoconus. The collagen lamellae in keratoconus corneas showed a significant decrease in number compared with controls. There was a direct relationship between the stromal thickness and number of collagen lamellae. On the other hand, there was no statistical significance between normal and keratoconus corneas in terms of the thickness of collagen lamellae. These results suggest that the thinning of the cornea in keratoconus might occur as the result of a defect of some collagen lamellae due to a disorganization during the process of collagen lamellae formation.
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PMID:[Quantitative analysis of collagen fiber in keratoconus]. 207 70

Computer-assisted corneal topographic analysis was used to evaluate the corneal contour of four patients with Terrien's marginal degeneration. The corneal topography in these patients was characterized by flattening over the areas of peripheral thinning produced by the disorder. When thinning was restricted to the superior and/or inferior areas of the peripheral cornea, there was a relative steepening of the corneal surface approximately 90 degrees away from the midpoint of the thinned area. This resulted in high against-the-rule or oblique astigmatism characteristic of the disorder. This common pattern is attributable to the frequency with which the superior and/or inferior peripheral cornea is preferentially involved in Terrien's marginal degeneration. In some patients, the central corneal topography may remain relatively spherical if the area of thinning is small or if the disorder extends around the entire circumference of the cornea.
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PMID:Terrien's marginal degeneration: corneal topography. 224 99

Autogenous periosteum was used to reinforce scleral thinning, perforation, or corneoscleral wound dehiscence in four eyes of three patients with necrotizing scleritis or peripheral ulcerative keratitis associated with advanced rheumatoid arthritis. All grafts have remained intact during an average follow-up interval of 36 months (range, 19-52 months). The postoperative visual acuity ranged between 20/30-20/60. Two eyes exhibited age-related macular degeneration, and one eye had an epiretinal membrane postoperatively. No systemic complications occurred following surgery.
Cornea 1990 Apr
PMID:Long-term follow-up study of scleroplasty using autogenous periosteum. 232 82

We examined three patients who had dermatologic and biochemical manifestations of porphyria cutanea tarda and localized thinning or excavation in the sun-exposed interpalpebral sclera, adjacent to the cornea. All three patients had signs of acute scleritis. The acute scleritis responded to oral indomethacin in one patient, but systemic corticosteroids were required to control the inflammation in the other two patients. Phlebotomy, protection from sunlight, and refraining from alcohol played an important part in the treatment of the patients.
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PMID:Acute scleritis in porphyria cutanea tarda. 233 Sep 42


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