Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0849787 (nipple discharge)
 518 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases of nodular hidradenoma of the breast with possibly different origins are reported. Case 1 is of a 58-year-old female with a breast mass in the left, outer lower-quadrant. A histogenetical origin in the skin adnexal glands was suspected due to its superficial location and immunohistochemical findings. Case 2 is of a 44-year-old male with a subareolar nodule and nipple discharge. Histological examination demonstrated that the tumor was located deep in the breast tissue, was surrounded by dilated mammary ducts and exhibited intraductal extensions, which are all features mimicking those of breast cancer. Immunohistochemical positivity against gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 was weakly identified and negativity for endoplasmic reticulum was observed. This case can be interpreted as arising in the mammary ducts. It is well known that various kinds of skin adnexal tumors arise in the breast tissue; however, nodular hidradenoma of the breast is still a rare benign neoplasm. Clinically, nodular hidradenoma of the breast tends to occur in the nipple or subareolar region of the female breast. It should be kept in mind that nodular hidradenoma may occur in mammary ducts and it should be included when differential diagnoses are made of subareolar breast tumors.
 ...
PMID:Nodular hidradenoma of the breast: report of two cases with literature review. 983 62

Foam cells with abundant vacuolated cytoplasm are prominent in most samples of spontaneous nipple discharge, nipple aspirate fluid, and ductal lavage. Although several investigators have attempted to characterize these cells, there is no consensus about whether these cells are derived entirely from macrophages or from both ductal epithelial cells and macrophages. Using immunocytochemical methods, we studied 20 paired specimens of nipple aspirate fluid containing abundant foam cells obtained from the involved breast of women with in situ or invasive carcinoma and from the contralateral normal breast. We used a cocktail of anticytokeratin antibodies including AE1, AE3, and CAM5.2 and the macrophage marker KP1 (CD68). In addition, we examined samples by electron microscopy. The foam cells were consistently negative for cytokeratin and positive for CD68. In every case electron microscopy of these cells revealed irregular outlines with short cytoplasmic processes. The cytoplasm was abundant and contained numerous lysosomes, a small Golgi complex, lipid droplets, mitochondria, and short profiles of rough endoplasmic reticulum. There was no evidence, however, of cell junctions or tonofilaments. The immunocytochemical and electron microscopic findings of our study together clearly support a macrophage derivation for foam cells in nipple aspirate fluid.
 ...
PMID:Characterization of foam cells in nipple aspirate fluid. 1241 88