Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0849787 (nipple discharge)
 518 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A histopathologically proven case of Paget's disease of the breast in a 47-year-old male induced a review of the 32 cases in the world's literature. Paget's disease usually presents in the 5th and 6th decades of life without any obvious racial predilections. The most frequent presenting signs include ulceration, eczema, nipple discharge, bleeding, and crust formation. At the time of presentation, 50 per cent of the patients have a palpable breast mass, positive lymph nodes, or both. When entertaining the diagnosis of Paget's disease of the breast using morphologic characteristics of the cells, the diagnosis of malignant melanoma and Bowen's disease (intraepithelial squamous cell carcinoma) must be included in the differential diagnosis. Certain differences will be seen between these three entities based on specific cell staining and the uptake of certain tumor markers. There is no evidence that this disease behaves differently in males versus females, but the 5-year survival for males is worse: 20 to 30 per cent in males versus 30 to 50 per cent in females. The treatment of this disease must focus on the pathology of the underlying tumor. Current treatment involves modified radical mastectomy or radical mastectomy for Stage I and II tumors. Adjuvant chemotherapy, radiation, and tamoxifen are also used depending on the nodal and receptor status of the tumor.
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PMID:Paget's disease of the male breast. 895 52

The male nipple-areola-complex (NAC) is a residual organ without physiologic functions in the male. It possesses similar hormone sensitivity and sexual sensitivity as the female organ. The location of the NAC on the chest wall with respect to other surface features is relevant for the male appearance. All known disseminated skin diseases may involve the nipple and areola. A number of specific localized diseases have been described in the literature, such as mammillary eczema, demodicidosis, lymphadenosis cutis benigna, nevoid hyperkeratosis, and thelalgia. Special attention is required if nipple discharge is observed. Areolar sebaceous hyperplasia and nearly all kinds of benign cutaneous tumors occur on the nipple and areola. Malignant tumors such as basal cell carcinoma, melanoma, Paget disease and other forms of breast cancer may also be found. In addition, aberrant mammary tissue may occur with a broad clinical spectrum, while absence of the nipple is an unusual observation and occurs in rare syndromes. The association of aberrant mammary tissue with urinary tract malformations has not been confirmed.
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PMID:Diseases of the male nipple and areola. 2165 22