Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Query: UMLS:C0849640 (
skin damage
)
1,516
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of simultaneous application of two penetration enhancers of different chemical classes or a chemical penetration enhancer and current application on permeation of zidovudine (
AZT
) across rat skin. Ex vivo permeation of
AZT
using combinations of cineole or menthol in vehicle with either oleic acid/linolenic acid or 0.5 mA/cm2 anodal current application for 6 h was studied. Penetration enhancers were significantly different in enhancing the permeability of
AZT
across rat skin and are in the decreasing order of activity: linolenic acid > menthol > oleic acid > cineole > vehicle. The combination of cineole and oleic acid synergistically enhanced transdermal flux of
AZT
in addition to reducing lag time. However, this was not observed for combinations of menthol with oleic or linolenic acid. On the other hand, the simultaneous application of current with menthol and cineole significantly increased cumulative amounts of
AZT
permeating during the course of current application and reduced the lag time but failed to further increase steady state flux of
AZT
. These results suggest that a combination of two penetration enhancers of different classes or the simultaneous use of iontophoresis and a penetration enhancer may be advantageous to achieve permeation enhancement with low risk of
skin damage
.
...
PMID:Combination strategies to enhance transdermal permeation of zidovudine (AZT). 1470 69
