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Query: UMLS:C0848237 (acute stress)
 4,619 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A comparative study of changes in the fatty acid composition of rabbit heart and adrenal mitochondria was carried out after acute (1h) immobilization stress. In heart mitochondria the stress induced a decrease in the content of capric, lauric, myristic and pentadecanic acids. A statistically significant reduction of the amount of heptadecanoic, linoleic, arachidonic acids and an increase in the level of palmitic acid was noted in adrenal mitochondria. The acute stress resulted in differently directed shifts in the saturation of fatty acids. An elevation of the sum of unsaturated fatty acids was observed in the heart, and a decrease was detected in the adrenal glands. The above shifts in the fatty acid composition of adrenal and heart mitochondria provide evidence for different directions of lipid metabolism in these organs following stress.
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PMID:[Effect of acute stress on the fatty acid composition of lipids of adrenal and heart mitochondria in rabbits]. 404

Obese individuals are both insulin resistant and have high levels of circulating free fatty acids (FFAs). In cell culture, saturated but not unsaturated fatty acids induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We hypothesized that chronic exposure to low dose fatty acids would significantly attenuate the acute stress response to a saturated fatty acid challenge and that unsaturated fatty acids (oleate) would be more protective than saturated fatty acids (palmitate). The ER stress response to palmitate was reduced after low dose fatty acid exposure in human hepatoma cells. Palmitate and oleate gave distinctive transcript responses, both acutely and after chronic low dose exposure. Differentially regulated pathways included lipid, cholesterol, fatty acid, and triglyceride metabolism, and IkappaB kinase and nuclear factor kappaB kinase inflammatory cascades. Oleate reduced palmitate-induced changes significantly more than low dose palmitate and completely blocked palmitate-induced phosphoinositide 3 kinase inhibitor (PIK3IP1) as well as induction of GADD45A and B. These changes are predicted to alter the PI3 kinase pathway and the pro-apoptotic p38 MAPK pathway. We recapitulated the oleate response by small interfering RNA-mediated block of PIK3IP1 stimulation with palmitate and significantly protected cells from palmitate-mediated ER stress. We show that transcriptional responses to oleate and palmitate are distinct, broad, and often discordant. We identified several potential candidates that may direct the transcriptional networks and demonstrate that PIK3IP1 partially accounts for the protective effects of oleate.
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PMID:Distinct gene expression profiles characterize cellular responses to palmitate and oleate. 2041 17