Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0848237 (acute stress)
 4,619 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The data are provided on the effect of some serotoninergic substances on the avoidance behavior under acute stress. 5-Hydroxytryptophan, zimelidine (low doses), pyrenepyron, ciproheptadine, trazodon (high doses), produced a noticeable positive action on the behavior pattern under study. Quipazin and zimelidine (high doses) provoked an increase in the number of affective manifestations and a rise of the latent avoidance time. Regardless of an appreciable fall in the number of affective manifestations, the powerful sedative effect of m-chlorphenylpiperazine led to an increase in the latent response periods. It was shown that substances that produced a direct or mediated activation effect on the serotoninergic system had an appreciable favourable influence on the avoidance behavior, which was a consequence of a decrease in the animals' emotional excitement. Combination of serotonin-blocking properties (action on S2-autoreceptors) and dopaminergic properties brought about optimal results, provided that pyrenepyron was applied.
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PMID:[Effect of serotoninergic substances on escape behavior in acute stress situations]. 622 18

Chronic stress and alterations in the serotonergic system are key predisposing factors to the development of major depression. Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) is the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of serotonin (5-HT). The effects of chronic stress on TPH activity remain uncertain. The BALB/c strain is stress-sensitive, highly anxious and possess a single nucleotide polymorphism in their tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) 2 gene (tph2), resulting in reduced levels of central serotonin compared to C57BL/6J mice, which harbour the wild-type allele. We examined the effects of repeated restraint stress on the serotonergic system and TPH activity in these two inbred strains. TPH activity was assessed by accumulation of 5-hydroxytryptophan, a rapidly decarboxylated intermediate metabolite of tryptophan and precursor of 5-HT, using an enzyme inhibition strategy. Furthermore, the concentrations of 5-HT and its major metabolite 5-hydroxy indole acetic acid were assessed. Interestingly, 5-HT turnover was significantly increased in the majority of the brain regions assessed following acute stress in C57BL/6J. In contrast, BALB/c mice exhibit significant increases in 5-HT turnover in the striatum and hippocampus only following repeated stress. On the other hand, TPH activity was significantly decreased in the brainstem and cortical regions of C57BL/6J mice following both acute and chronic stress. Conversely, no significant stress-induced change in BALB/c TPH activity was observed. Together these data highlight the differential serotonergic response of BALB/c and C57BL/6J mice to acute and chronic restraint stress and may offer insight into the observed differences in their stress-related phenotypes.
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PMID:Differential stress-induced alterations in tryptophan hydroxylase activity and serotonin turnover in two inbred mouse strains. 2113 Jul 84