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Query: UMLS:C0848237 (acute stress)
 4,619 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intragastric glucose prevents acute stress-induced gastric mucosal injury in the restrained rat. Because increased gastric contractions contribute to mucosal injury in this model and because parenteral glucose infusions have been shown to suppress gastric contractility, we hypothesized that centrally mediated responses to hyperglycemia might contribute to the cytoprotective effect of intragastric glucose. We compared intragastric and intravenous 25% glucose with saline infusions during cold restraint and measured their impact on gastric lesions, serum glucose levels, gastric residual volume (an indirect indicator of net gastric contractility), acidity, and mucin concentration. We found that both intravenous and intragastric glucose infusions increased serum glucose to over 500 mg/dl after 4 hr of stress. Intragastric glucose increased residual volume and gastric pH, as well as decreased gastric mucosal injury, but intravenous glucose had no effects on gastric function. We found that none of the potentially protective effects of intragastric glucose are mediated by central responses to hyperglycemia, and likewise that intravenous glucose has no effect on gastric mucosal injury.
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PMID:Effects of intragastric and intravenous glucose on restraint model of stress ulceration. 147 35

In the last decade, significant progress has been made in understanding the basic mechanisms involved in the development of acute stress gastritis. Many of the experimental observations have been applied in our clinical approaches to patients at high risk. A strong impression exists among investigators that efforts to improve ventilatory support, correct abnormalities in cardiac output and intravascular volume, and maintain adequate nutrition in critically ill patients may have contributed to the decreased incidence and prevalence of stress gastritis over the past decade. In addition, reduction of intragastric acidity, either by titration with antacids or administration of H2 antagonists, further prevented stress gastritis in these patients. We have every reason to believe that progress will continue at the same rate in the decades before us in this area of investigation.
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PMID:Thomas G Orr Memorial Lecture. Pathogenesis, prophylaxis, and treatment of stress gastritis. 305 33

First the Japan earthquake, then tsunami, now a country with more than 20,000 known dead and missing must cope with the threat of nuclear contamination. Disaster may place survivors at risk for a range of negative outcomes. Disaster-related mental health problems may include acute stress disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and depression. The individuals with psychologically wounded by this disaster will leave their imprint for years, even decades, to come. We are now planning to open a new department named Psychiatric services for the survivors of natural disasters. Through the activities of this department, we aim to continue daily psychiatric services and to promote wellness of the survivors. Thus, we are making a system to recruit and dispatch psychiatrists for the psychiatric services at the damaged areas. On the other hand, in modern Japan society, namely aging society with low birth rate, the latent ability of university students is indispensable for the recovery after big disasters. We will take their academic ability into the activities of the new department. We also plan to promote their wellness through this kind of volunteer acidity.
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PMID:[Mental support for the victim of Japan earthquake]. 2256 56

Stress-related mucosal disease (SRMD) is highly prevalent in intensive care patients leading to increasing treatment cost and mortality. SRMD is a disease elusive of ideal treatment. Evaluation of drugs is very pertinent for the efficient and safe treatment of SRMD. It relies mainly on in vivo screening models. There are various stress models, and till date, none of them is validated for simulating the SRMD pathophysiology. The present study aims to choose the best model, which reproduce pathophysiology of SRMD, among previously established stress models. This study evaluates ulcer index, hexosamine content, microvascular permeability, and gastric content in three acute stress models (cold-restraint, restraint, and water immersion restraint). Macroscopic pictures of the ulcerogenic stomach explain that in contrast to other models, cold-restraint stress (CRS) exposure produced marked ulcers on the fundic area of the stomach. Results of the present study depicted that each stress model significantly increased ulcer index, microvascular permeability and decreased hexosamine level, however, the maximum in the case of CRS-exposed rats. Total acidity and pH of the gastric content remains unchanged in all the stress models. On the contrary, the gastric volume significantly decreased only in case of CRS, while unchanged in other stress models. The overall results revealed that the CRS resembles the pathophysiology of SRMD closely. It is the best and feasible model among all the models to evaluate drugs for the treatment of SRMD.
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PMID:Comparison of three acute stress models for simulating the pathophysiology of stress-related mucosal disease. 2832 Sep 82