Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0848237 (acute stress)
 4,619 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cyclic vomiting syndrome is characterized by sudden episodes of vomiting and abdominal pain. It occurs primarily in children, is exacerbated by stress, and is often considered a migraine equivalent. Migraines have been linked to mast cells, which are often found close to neurons where they are activated by neuropeptides. We investigated the ultrastructural appearance of rat ileal brush border and mast cells following acute stress by immobilization. The effect of sulfated proteoglycans heparin and chondroitin sulfate was also tested on mast cell histamine secretion. Ileal brush border appeared intact in control animals, but was shorter and exhibited intercellular gaps after 30 min of acute immobilization stress. Mast cell activation in control rats was minimal, while stress induced obvious signs of activation as judged from disappearance of secretory granule electron dense contents. However, these intragranular changes were not accompanied by typical degranulation through exocytosis. Treatment of purified homogeneic rat peritoneal mast cells with 10(-4) M heparin or chondroitin sulfate 30 min prior to stimulation with 0.5 microg/ml compound 48/80 decreased histamine release by over 70% and 50% (P < 0.05), respectively. These results suggest the possible usefulness of chondroitin sulfate in conditions such as cyclic vomiting syndrome.
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PMID:Stress-induced rat intestinal mast cell intragranular activation and inhibitory effect of sulfated proteoglycans. 1049 45

Research suggests a potential dysregulation of the stress response in individuals with bulimia nervosa. This study measured both cardiovascular and cortisol reactions to a standardised laboratory stress task in individuals identified as showing disordered eating behaviour to determine whether dysregulation of the stress response is characteristic of the two branches of the stress response system. Female students (N=455) were screened using two validated eating disorder questionnaires. Twelve women with disordered eating, including self-induced vomiting, and 12 healthy controls were selected for laboratory stress testing. Salivary cortisol and cardiovascular activity, via Doppler imaging and semi-automatic blood pressure monitoring, were measured at resting baseline and during and after exposure to a 10-min mental arithmetic stress task. Compared to controls the disordered eating group showed blunted cortisol, cardiac output, heart rate, and stroke volume reactions to the acute stress, as well as an attenuated vasodilatory reaction. These effects could not be accounted for in terms of group differences in stress task performance, subjective task impact/engagement, age, BMI, neuroticism, cardio-respiratory fitness, or co-morbid exercise dependence. Our findings suggest that disordered eating is characterised by a dysregulation of the autonomic stress-response system. As such, they add further weight to the general contention that blunted stress reactivity is characteristic of a number of maladaptive behaviours and states.
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PMID:Disordered eating behaviour is associated with blunted cortisol and cardiovascular reactions to acute psychological stress. 2196 79