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Query: UMLS:C0847097 (acidity)
 15,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The suitability of the metabolic test of rumen liquor for the diagnosis of subclinical rumen dysfunction was tested. The test for the assessment of the metabolic profile of the rumen included: the determination of pH, total titration acidity in clinical units, lactic acid in mg%, fatty acids in mmol 1-1, ammonia N in mg%, urea N in mg% and the number of infusorians in 1 ml of rumen liquor. This test enabled, on the basis of the examination of rumen liquor, to determine not only the kind and form of the disease but also its cause, with an incomplete clinical syndrome. Therapeutic measures, either direct (in the rumen liquor) or indirect (adjusted monodiet) improved the health condition and provided optimum rumen fermentation of permanent character. The resuption of rumen fermentation also enabled an increased production of fatty acids which favourably influenced the content of butterfat in milk.
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PMID:[Significance of ruminal juice examination in the diagnosis of subclinical rumen dysfunction]. 1 38

Intra-arterial injection of a fixed acid load caused only a short-lived (less than 2h) disturbance of blood pH but a long lived (2-3 days) elevation of urinary acid excretion in freshwater trout (Salmo gairdneri). The renal response comprised an immediate increase in acid output in the form of titratable acidity minus bicarbonate, and a slower rise in acid output in the form of ammonia. The total elevation in urinary acid efflux over 72h was such that no other mechanism besides renal function is needed to explain the ultimate compensation of this experimental acid-base disturbance.
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PMID:Renal regulation of acid-base balance in a freshwater fish (1). 2 76

The effect of Jorpes secretin on the urinary volume, pH, and excretion of sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, titratable acidity, ammonia and phosphate was studied in five healthy male volunteers with and without simultaneous aspiration of duodenal fluids. A three- to fourfold increase in urinary volume and sodium excretion occurred within the first 30 min after secretin injection and this was accompanied by a significant rise in urinary pH in each instance. Urinary bicarbonate excretion increased from 55 plus or minus 13 to 395 plus or minus 33 mueq/30 min after secretin injection. Aspiration of alkaline duodenal contents was accompanied by an even greater postsecretin increase in urinary bicarbonate excretion. No significant changes in arterial pH or blood gases were detected throughout the study. These observations are compatible with a direct effect of secretin upon the renal tubular reabsorption of water, bicarbonate, and other ions, and could account for the transient alterations in urinary pH occurring in response to a meal.
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PMID:Renal response to secretin. 23 65

In regularly dialyzed patients in basal gastric juice and after stimulation with pentagastrin the volume of titrable acidity, urea and ammonia were assessed. It was revealed that in relation to the plasma urea concentration in basal juice the mean urea and ammonia concentration is roughly half and in stimulation juice roughly one third. The urea concentration in gastric juice is negatively correlated to the ammonia concentration. Urea excretion into the stomach depends on the plasma urea level and on the secretory gastric activity. The decisive factor of gastric secretion is probably parietal cell secretion. From the results ensues that gastric juice of dialyzed patients contains a quantitatively significant amount of urea and ammonia. Ammonia due to its neutralizing action distorts the examination of gastric acidity assessed by titration. The findings call for a revision of hitherto known data concerning gastric secretion of uraemic patients.
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PMID:Urea and ammonia excretion into gastric juice in regularly dialyzed patients and patients after renal transplantation. I. Dialyzed patients. 35 87

The health condition and course of fermentation processes in the rumen were studied in four cows of the Red Spotted breed at the age of four to nine years. The clinico-biochemical indices in the rumen liquor and urine were used. The experimental animals were exposed to a mixture of aflatoxins applied in the dose of 200 mg B1 and 80 mg B2. The toxic action of aflatoxins manifested itself as inappetence, increased temperature, changes in the pulse and respiration rate and reduced activity of the proventriculi. Diarrhoea was observed in two animals. The pH value, total acidity and ammonia level in rumen liquor ranged within the limits of reference values. The significant drop of the production of volatile fatty acids with changes in their proportions and a reduction of the acetic acid level with a simultaneous increase of the percentage of butyric acid testity to a disorder in the activity of rumen microflora. The reduction of the number of infusorians as a biological indicator of fermentation processes proves the correctness of this assumption. During the elimination of aflatoxins through the kidneys the function of the kidneys is impaired, showed proteinuria, ketonuria, glycosuria and haematuria.
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PMID:[Changes of the clinico-biochemical indices in the rumirid juice and urine in experimental aflatoxicosis of dairy cows]. 40 95

In order to investigate the effect of monofluoroacetate (MFA) on renal H+ excretion, anesthetized rats under mannitol diuresis were given intraperitoneally MFA and some of the acido-basic status parameters were determined. Urinary pH and pCO2 did not change after MFA administration, while urinary flow rate increased. MFA induced a decrease in H+ net excretion and in ammonia excretion. Titratable acidity did not change significantly within the experiment.
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PMID:Effect of monofluoroacetate on renal H+ excretion in the rat. 48 11

One subject was exposed for six days to increasing levels of CO2, rising at a constant rate from 0.03 to 3.0% CO2 within a 15-h period followed by 9 h of air breathing. To assess acid-base parameters, arterialized capillary blood was taken from a finger twice daily (at 8 a.m. and 11 p.m.) at times corresponding to the beginning and end of the intermittent exposure to CO2. Venous blood samples were obtained on alternate days at the same times. Urine specimens were collected twice daily. The subject was on a liquid diet. Resting respiratory minute volume (VE), oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide excretion (VCO2), alveolar carbon dioxide and oxygen tension (PACO2) and PAO2) were measured twice daily. PACO2 and PAO2 were also determined at the end of breath-holding twice daily; CO2 tolerance tests and lung function tests were also carried out. In contrast to the effects of chronic exposure to 3% CO2, the CO2 tolerance tests showed an increased sensitivity (increase of slope) and breath-holding PACO2 did not change, indicating that acclimatization to CO2 did not develop. The ventilatory response to CO2 was not sufficient to prevent CO2 accumulation in the body; this accumulation was eliminated during the nightly air-breathing periods on the fourth and fifth days, indicated by higher values of PaCO2 and PACO2. The known renal response to hypercapnia, consisting of an increased excretion of titratable acidity, ammonia, and hydrogen ion excretion, occurred but was interrupted after the first day and was triggered again on the fourth and fith days when accumulated CO2 was released from body CO2 stores. The second renal response was associated with a marked calcium excretion, which suggests that bone CO2 stores were involved.
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PMID:Effect of intermittent exposure to 3% CO2 on respiration, acid-base balance, and calcium-phosphorus metabolism. 50 20

The latent and hypertonic forms of the course of compensated nephritides more frequently make difficulties concerning the differential diagnosis between a chronic glomerulonephritis and a chronic pyelonephritis. According to the results achieved the determination of the renal processes furthering homoeostasis gives the possibility to demarcate the two diseases. A certain reduction of the creatinine clearance (to less than 90 ml/min) and of the maximum water diuresis (to less than 10.0 per 100 ml glomerular filtrate) is suitable for the latent form of the chronic glomerulonephritis. On the other hand, a reduction of the ammonia secretion (to less than 35 per 100 ml glomerular (filtrate) and of the total H+-ion secretion (to less than 50 per 100 ml glomerular filtrate) in the determination after Alkinton is characteristic for the chronic pyelonephritis. In the hypertensive form of the course of the chronic glomerulonephritis in contrast to the same form in chronic pyelonephritis a reduction of the maximum water diuresis to less than 7.5, of the clearance of the "osmotically free" water to less than 6.0, of the titrable acidity to less than 25 is the result. Here the ammonia quotient transgresses 45%. In chronic pyelonephritis the titrable acidity in considerably increased and the ammonia genesis relatively decreased (to less than 45%).
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PMID:[Determination of homeostatic kidney function in the diagnosis of chronic glomerulonephritis]. 60 91

Below the critical concentration of polyvinyl alcohol, the effect of inorganic acids or alkalis on gelation of polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution was investigated by color development with iodine after gamma-ray irradiation. The absorbances of the polyvinyl alcohol-iodine complex decreased remarkably in the presence of nitric or perchloric acid. These acids decompose and form oxygen or hydrogen peroxide which oxidize the polymer and leads to a fading of the color. On addition of sulfuric, phosphoric and hydrochloric acids, the absorbances decrease in the order that agrees with that of the acidity of these acids at the same molarity. In the alkaline solution the absorbances decrease by the addition of sodium hydroxide and aqueous ammonia in the order that agrees with that of the basicity of these alkalis. These results indicate that the gel formation is caused by the radiolysis of water. As a result of chemical analysis, these additives are considered not to be attached to the polymer.
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PMID:Effect of addition of inorganic acids or alkalis on gelation of polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution by gamma-ray irradiation.--Color development with iodine--. 74 Sep 20

1. The renal dysfunction in the chronic compensated pyelonephritis means a selective decrease of the maximum osmotic concentration power, the ammonia secretion and the total secretion of hydrogen ions in the glomerular filtration rate, proximal reabsorption of the fluid of the tubule, excretion of osmotically free water and acidity of the urine which can be titrated. 2. The functional distrubances observed in chronic pyelonephritis do not as a whole differ from those disturbances in chronic compensated glomerulonephritis, but in the disease first mentioned there is in every case no decrease of the endogenic creatinine clearance and the maximum water diuresis. 3. The latent chronic pyelonephritis differs from the latent chronic glomerulonephritis by a normal endogenic creatinine clearance and maximum water diuresis and by a decrease of the ammonia and hydrogen ion secretion. These disturbances to a certain extent may be regarded as specific for the chronic pyelonephritis. In comparison with the chronic hypertonic pyelonephritis in the chronic hypertonic pyelonephritis the maximum water diuresis is normal and the titratable acidity is slightly increased. 4. The kind of renal dysfunctions can be of importance for the differential diagnosis between chronic glomerulonephritis and chronic pyelonephritis particularly in the latent forms of the two diseases.
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PMID:[Tubular kidney dysfunction and its etiology in chronic pyelonephritis]. 84 42


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