Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0847097 (acidity)
 15,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The introduction of a halogen atom at any aromatic position of toluene considerably accelerates the base-promoted deprotonation of the methyl group. p-Fluorotoluene is the only exception; proton abstraction from its benzylic site occurs approximately at one tenth of the rate found with toluene (at -75 degrees C). Lone-pair repulsion appears to be at the origin of the decrease in acidity. Chloro- and bromotoluenes instantaneously exchange benzylic hydrogen against metal when treated with solution of lithium 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide (LITMP) in diethyl ether in the presence of potassium tert-butoxide and N,N,N',N",N"-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine at -100 degrees C. Due to extensive side reactions ("aryne" formation as a consequence of concomitant deprotonation of aromatic sites adjacent to the halogen atom), products can be isolated only in moderate yield (10-35%), but they are regioisomerically pure.
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PMID:Enhancement of Benzylic basicity by a fluorine substituent at the para- position: a case of lone pair/lone pair repulsion 1082 98