Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0847097 (acidity)
 15,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

It is assessed that heartburn with associated oesophagitis is experienced by 45% to 70% of pregnant women. Posture is the most constant associated factor; bile regurgitation through the pylorus is likely to be important in its aetiology but gastric acidity is not. Treatment with alkalis or dilute hydrochloric acid affords some relief in 95% of cases and patient acceptability is the most important factor in choice of preparation. Hiatus hernia is likely to be present in severe cases and rupture of the oseophagus has been reported. Early delivery may be advisable in the interest of the mother.
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PMID:Heartburn in pregnancy. 75 Feb 49

Antacids are often the first therapeutic approach in patients with pyrosis. We carried-out a study on 8 healthy volunteers who underwent a 24 hour gastric pH-metry to assess the real efficacy of magnesium hydroxide administration on gastric acidity. Magnesium hydroxide was alternatively administered at different dosages (400 mg or 800 mg) in the population studied. Our results showed a mild and non reproducible response to lower dose, but, on the contrary, the 800 mg dose always induced an immediate, effective and prolonged antacid action, reaching a maximum pH value of 5 and lasting up to 40 minutes. Our study confirms, using a modern and reliable technique as the 24-hour gastric pH-metry, the antacid activity of magnesium hydroxide.
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PMID:[Effects of the administration of magnesium hydroxide on gastric acidity in health volunteers]. 139 Nov 45

The combination of a histamine H2-receptor antagonist and a muscarinic receptor antagonist has been reported to result in greater suppression of intragastric acidity than either agent alone. The present randomized, double-blind, multicentre trial compared the effects of the oral combination of 150 mg ranitidine b.d. plus 50 mg pirenzepine b.d. with 150 mg ranitidine b.d. plus placebo pirenzepine b.d. in the treatment of patients with reflux oesophagitis. All 157 patients had symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux with endoscopically confirmed oesophageal erosions (Savary and Miller grades I-III). After four weeks of treatment, healing rates were 32/75 (43%) in the combined treatment group and 34/76 (45%) in the group receiving ranitidine alone. After eight weeks, the cumulative healing rates had increased to 48/72 (67%) and 51/75 (68%), respectively. More patients receiving ranitidine plus pirenzepine had complete relief of day- and night-time heartburn after four weeks compared with those receiving ranitidine alone (day: 59% vs. 38%, P = 0.02; night: 69% vs. 52%, P = 0.04). After eight weeks, symptom relief was comparable in both groups. Clinical adverse effects were reported by nine patients receiving ranitidine and by 19 patients receiving the combination. It is concluded that combining ranitidine with pirenzepine does not aid the healing of reflux oesophagitis but does improve symptom relief at four weeks.
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PMID:The effect of combined therapy with ranitidine and pirenzepine in the treatment of reflux oesophagitis. 142 Jul 52

We studied 76 patients with symptoms of heartburn, regurgitation, or both and 38 asymptomatic control subjects by measuring the gastric emptying of technetium-99m-labeled oatmeal. In addition, we performed 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring and manometric studies of the esophagus on all study participants. Endoscopy was performed on all patients. Patients with proved reflux on 24-hour pH monitoring, in comparison to those without reflux and the control subjects, had a shorter lower esophageal segment with a lower pressure and more esophagitis. Delayed gastric emptying occurred with equal frequency in patients with and without reflux. Esophageal reflux was not associated with delayed gastric emptying. Delayed emptying was associated with less esophagitis than found in those with normal gastric emptying, suggesting that the prolonged presence of food in the stomach may have a buffering effect on gastric acidity. We concluded that delayed emptying is not a major factor in the pathophysiology of gastro-esophageal reflux disease and that therapy aimed at speeding gastric emptying cannot be supported by our results.
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PMID:Does delayed gastric emptying contribute to gastroesophageal reflux disease? 291 Jan 30

Total parenteral feeding reduced gastric secretions, but patients sometimes complain of pyrosis and acidity. The gastric secretion, gastrinaemia and insulinaemia of 96 patients subjected to TPN were measured. Results showed a nonpathological increase in gastrinaemia and acidity which might be related to the high levels of insulinaemia.
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PMID:[Effects of parenteral nutrition on gastric secretion in patients in cerebral coma]. 640 34

A prospective controlled trial of proximal gastric vagotomy (PGV) in 829 patients at three surgical services is presented. Peroperative tests of vagotomy completeness were made in two of the three groups of patients. The follow-up period was four to six years. The hospital stay after PGV averaged 9.2 days. The postoperative mortality rate was 0.2%. The reduction of gastric acidity was maintained four years after PGV. Postoperatively no patient had severe diarrhoea. The incidence of dumping after PGV was 1.5% and of gastric stasis 7.3%. Though 7% of the patients reported pyrosis after PGV, only a few required treatment. Transient dysphagia was reported by 2.5% of the patients. In about 4% of the series there were relatively mild ulcer-like symptoms postoperatively, without confirmation of ulcer. Duodenal ulcer recurred in 2% of cases during the observation period and gastric ulcer appeared in 1.5%. According to the Visick classification, 74% of the series showed grade I clinical result, 18% grade II, 4% grade III and 4% grade IV. There were no intergroup differences in Visick grades.
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PMID:Proximal gastric vagotomy. A prospective study of 829 patients with four-year follow-up. 683 26

Duodenitis produced by Giardia lamblia occurred in 4.5% of the patients hospitalized in our service. Often was associated with duodenal or gastric peptic ulcer, hiatus hernia and with some other parasitic diseases; particularly with ambiasis. Forty four patients were studied in whom the only cause to demonstrate or explain their symptomatology was the presence of Giardia lamblia in the duodenum. The complaints disappeared after the administration of specific treatment. The clinical manifestations remained an atypic ulcer syndrome without defined rhythm or periodicity; however, heartburn and regurgitation are frequently present. The physical exploration does not help to the diagnosis. Gastric acidity is normal. X-ray studies demonstrate irregular mucosa of the stomach and duodenum and some spastic waves. Duodenoscopy allows to watch inflammatory changes of the duodenal mucosa and rules out peptic ulcer. The diagnosis is confirmed by the demonstration of the parasite, present in the fluid aspirated from the duodenum during the endoscopy.
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PMID:[Duodenitis caused by Giardia lamblia]. 728 Apr 57

Despite the fact that reflux esophagitis is a multifactorial disease, inhibition of gastric acid secretion is the mainstay of medical treatment, both for moderate and severe cases. Antisecretory agents lower the acidity of the refluxate, thus decreasing its aggressive effect, which favors the mucosal healing process. The greater the acid inhibition, the greater will be the mucosal repair. This is the reason for a therapeutic gain for H2-receptor antagonists over anticholinergics and antacids, and for proton pump inhibitors over H2-receptor antagonists. The most recently developed proton pump inhibitor, lansoprazole, at doses of 15, 30, or 60 mg/day for 4 and 8 weeks of treatment, has proven to be significantly more effective than placebo (one multicenter study involving 292 patients) or ranitidine (three multicenter studies involving 653 patients) in terms of mucosal healing and symptom relief. In two comparative trials with omeprazole 20 mg vs lansoprazole 30 mg (in a total of 349 evaluable patients) healing rates were found to be similar, but in one trial the relief of heartburn proved to be significantly more pronounced in patients receiving lansoprazole who also used fewer antacids. The frequency of adverse events was comparable in the two treatment groups. Reflux esophagitis is a chronic condition and after stopping antisecretory treatment, including lansoprazole, most patients relapse in terms of symptoms and endoscopical lesions, which suggests the need for long-term treatment. However, a strategy for long-term control of reflux esophagitis remains to be defined (lower daily dose, alternate-day standard dose, or concomitant prokinetic drugs?). The safety of proton pump inhibitors given for prolonged periods also needs to be more thoroughly evaluated.
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PMID:Treatment of gastroesophageal (acid) reflux with lansoprazole: an overview. 791

60 patients (p) with ages ranging between 19 and 73 (32 females and 28 males) were selected and randomized for a prospective study about he confirmation of endoscopic wounds reported like giardiasic duodenitis: a nodular whitish puncture over the mucous with a focal or diffuse pattern over. We tested the correlation between the endoscopic findings and the results of histopathology and fecal tests. A duodenoscopy until the second portion was made with an Olympus GIF-Q equipment, 2 biopsies were taken from the duodenal bulb and from the second portion. 45 (p) exhibited a typical aspect before mentioned. In this group we found the protozoa in the biopsies of 35 (p) (77.78%). The fecal test were positive for 22 of these (p) (48.88%) and negative for 23 (51.12%). 15 (p) had a normal duodenoscopy; 13 of these (p) had a negative biopsy (86.66%) and only two cases (13.33%) resulted in a positive biopsy for giardia. The results for the fecal tests were negative in 93.34% (p). The most common symptoms were: upper-abdominal pain (67.50), acidity (62.50%), pyrosis (25%) diarrhea (10%) and constipation (10%). The results of our study confirm that endoscopic lesions of duodenum observed as a whitish nodular puncture, over the mucous with a focal or diffuse pattern were compatible with a duodenitis caused by giardia lamblia. It was confirmed in the majority of cases with biopsy and in almost 50% of fecal test performed.
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PMID:[Giardiasis duodenitis: is the endoscopic diagnosis possible?]. 811 38

GERD is a common disorder. Symptoms of reflux, such as heartburn, are due to a combination of factors: relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter, hypersecretion of gastric acid, and resulting burning of the esophageal mucosa. Symptoms are usually classified as classic, atypical, or complicated. Treatment approaches include dietary and lifestyle changes, reduction of acidity with use of H2 receptor antagonists, and reduction of acid secretion with use of proton pump inhibitors. Patient motivation is an important factor in the management of gastroesophageal reflux. In rare instances, patients do not respond to medical treatment and are candidates for antireflux surgery.
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PMID:Gastroesophageal reflux disease: gaining control over heartburn. 904 34


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