Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0847097 (acidity)
 15,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gastric metaplasia in the duodenum (GMD) is characterized by transdifferentiation of intestinal epithelial cells into gastric foveolar cells within the duodenal mucosa. GMD is often associated with duodenal ulceration. Higher duodenal acidity due to increased gastric acid output into the duodenum has been implicated in the development of GMD. Intestinal development and homeostasis are controlled by the homeobox transcription factor Cdx2, which is considered to be the master regulator of intestinal differentiation. Using immunohistochemistry, the present study shows that GMD is associated with loss of expression of Cdx2 and its target gene product sucrase-isomaltase. Quantitative RT-PCR experiments using the intestinal cell line Caco2 revealed that Cdx2 and sucrase-isomaltase were down-regulated and gastric mucins MUC5AC and MUC6 were up-regulated under acidic culture conditions. Thus, it is suggested that increased acid exposure leads to GMD by impairing the transcription of Cdx2 and subsequently that of its intestine-specific target genes.
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PMID:Evidence for acid-induced loss of Cdx2 expression in duodenal gastric metaplasia. 1525 92

The benzyl-protected disaccharide building blocks of core 8 O-glycan (15a/15b) for glycopeptide were stereoselectively synthesized by two glycosidation reactions with the glycosyl fluoride method. The building blocks were utilized in the solid-phase synthesis of a glycopeptide carrying two O-glycans with the consensus sequence of the tandem-repeat domain of MUC5AC. The synthetic glycopeptide was detached from the resin with reagent K, and subsequent debenzylation under conditions of low-acidity TfOH afforded glycopeptide 2. The synthetic sample will be used as a suitable standard in studies of the physicochemical or immunochemical characterization of mucin glycoforms.
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PMID:Solid-phase synthesis of core 8 O-glycan-linked MUC5AC glycopeptide. 1611 88

Cudrania tricuspidata has been used as an East Asian folk remedy to treat various symptoms. Recently, scientific evidence of the efficacy of C. tricuspidata has emerged. The objective of this study was to elucidate protective role of C. tricuspidata in the gastric mucosa using pylorus-ligated Sprague-Dawley rats and primary parietal cells. C. tricuspidata ethanol extracts attenuated gastric mucosal damage, secretion, and juice acidity in pylorus-ligated rats; however, it did not affect expression of gastric acid-related genes [muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 receptor (M3R), histamine H2-receptors (H2R), and cholecystokinin-2/gastrin receptors (CCK2R)] or serum gastrin concentrations. Furthermore, extracts greatly reduced levels of gastric cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and significantly increased mRNA levels of gastric-type mucins (MUC5AC and MUC6). To identify the mode of action of C. tricuspidata extract in regulating gastric acid secretion, intracellular cAMP and mRNA for H2R, M3R, and CCK2R were measured in primary parietal cells. mRNA levels of H2R, M3R, and CCK2R did not significantly differ following treatment with C. tricuspidata extract, whereas cAMP induced by the H2R-specific agonist was significantly decreased. C. tricuspidata may therefore reduce gastric acid secretion by inhibiting H2R activity rather than regulating mRNA expression. These finding suggest that ethanol extracts of C. tricuspidata inhibit H2R-related gastric acid secretion and increase gastric mucus to help prevent gastric mucosal damage. Therefore, C. tricuspidata extract has potential to be used in foods and medicines to prevent diseases related to gastric mucosal damage, such as gastritis and functional dyspepsia.
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PMID:Gastroprotective Effects of Cudrania tricuspidata Leaf Extracts by Suppressing Gastric cAMP and Increasing Gastric Mucins. 3267 67