Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0751295 (memory loss)
 3,619 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study of 191 data processing workers undertaken in Porto Alegre, Brazil, in 1989, is presented. The relationship between complaints of loss of memory and their respective scores on cognitive testing in three groups of workers, one with automatized repetitive activities and two others with diversified activities, is analysed. The scores and complaints are compared with the results of a screening test for psychiatric disorders in order to verify the influence of this confounding factor. No significant evidence of cognitive problems was found despite the high prevalence of complaints of memory loss in this population (65.4%). There is a significant statistical association between these complaints and the scores of the psychiatric testing. It is suggested that futures studies should emphasize psychiatric analysis with a view to clarifying the complaints of Data Processing workers.
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PMID:[Cognitive changes in workers at a data processing company]. 130 17

Preparing the elderly patient for radiation therapy requires knowledge of the major cancers, the role of radiation treatment, sequelae of treatment, and the age-associated factors that exacerbate treatment reactions. Elderly patients often require long treatment courses. Encouragement to express feelings and report symptoms may be necessary in this patient population. Instructions should be written and repeated, especially for patients with memory loss. The nurse caring for the elderly patient receiving radiation must help the patient to anticipate side effects and manage sequelae of treatment. The patient who knows what to expect is better able to tolerate therapy and to maintain an optimal quality of life during treatment.
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PMID:The elderly patient receiving radiation therapy: treatment sequelae and nursing care. 131 39

We report here the first sleep deprivation study done on a group of 5 healthy students (1 female, 4 males, 23-24 years of age) while playing a game (Triviant). In 2 persons an EEG was recorded for 6 consecutive 24 h periods with an ambulatory monitor from the baseline night until 72 h after deprivation. The baseline night showed normal hypnograms. The students were deprived of sleep for 65 h following the baseline night. Sleep deprivation was complete and resulted in bradyphrenia, loss of memory and contact with reality, ataxia, decrease in body temperature and loss of body weight. The main sign of recuperation was a strongly increased slow-wave sleep synchronization during the first recuperation period (day-time sleep) only. There were no signs of REM rebound.
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PMID:Long-term sleep deprivation as a game. The wear and tear of wakefulness. 132 May 35

At the present time, it seems unlikely that progressive neurodegenerative diseases, such as ALS, Parkinson's disease, and dementia of the Alzheimer type, are triggered by environmental agents with excitotoxic potential. These include excitotoxic agents that behave as glutamate agonists or disrupt energy metabolism: both types elicit permanent but self-limiting neuronal diseases with patterns of neuronal deficit that reflect selective chemical exposure (MPP+ and parkinsonism), differential susceptibility to energy dysmetabolism (NPA and dystonia), or the distribution of glutamate-receptors (domoic acid and memory loss). If environmental agents play an etiologic role in progressive neurodegenerative diseases, they are likely to target a critical, irreplaceable neuronal molecule that is required to maintain long-term neuronal integrity.
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PMID:Are human neurodegenerative disorders linked to environmental chemicals with excitotoxic properties? 132 79

This study reports on the value of head injury instruction cards as purveyors of information to patients. Patients over 10 years old attending the North Staffordshire Royal Infirmary Accident and Emergency Department with a mild head injury were invited to attend a special brain injury follow-up clinic, where they were asked to complete a questionnaire. Patients failing to attend this clinic were contacted and asked to complete the questionnaire. This revealed that they were no less severely affected by the injury as the attenders. They were asked why they had not attended and a significant number of patients had no recall of being given a head injury instruction card on which the information of the follow-up clinic was given. Memory loss was the most likely cause of this and is more common than is widely appreciated in patients attending accident and emergency departments.
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PMID:Use of head injury instruction cards in accident centres. 133 12

We examined the relationship between memory impairment and functional disability in multiple sclerosis. Tests of memory, sensorimotor ability, and functional capacity were administered to fifty-six subjects with chronic-progressive or remitting-relapsing MS. Sensorimotor impairment, functional disability, and chronicity predicted impairment on various measures of memory acquisition, while age and type of diagnosis did not. After accounting for the effects of initial acquisition, delayed-recall performance was weakly-associated with disability. We suggest that: (1) Functional disability is associated with memory loss in MS; (2) MS-forgetting is caused by defective acquisition, rather by a deficit in consolidation or storage; (3) Level of disease activity, rather than type of MS diagnosis, determines the degree of memory impairment; and (4) MS disability needs to be evaluated multidimensionally, to account for both neurologic and functional impairment.
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PMID:The relationship between disability and memory dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. 134 11

The case of a patient with symptoms suggestive of a dissociative disorder is presented. The consultant reviews the diagnosis of multiple personality disorder (MPD) as defined in DSM-III-R and DSM-IV in relation to the patient's dissociative states, hallucinations, memory loss, and other symptoms. He then highlights the distinctions among MPD, schizophrenia, borderline personality disorder, major depression, and complex partial seizures. After presenting the conceptualization of MPD as a chronic posttraumatic stress disorder, he concludes with a review of treatment approaches that address the traumatic history and that involve hypnosis to gain access to and control dissociative states.
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PMID:A case of probable dissociative disorder. 135 64

A group of 43 patients from seven families affected by Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) with the codon 178Asn mutation of the PRNP amyloid precursor gene is compared to a group of 211 patients with the sporadic form of the disease. As a group, the patients with the codon 178Asn mutation had an earlier age at onset of illness (almost always presenting as an insidious loss of memory), a longer duration of illness, and an absence of periodic electroencephalographic activity. Transmission of disease to primates was accomplished using brain tissue homogenates from 6 of 10 patients, resulting in significantly shorter incubation periods than those due to sporadic CJD inocula. These findings are interpreted and discussed in terms of possible differences in the temporospatial evolution of damage to the brain, and of accelerated induction of polymerized amyloid protein by its mutationally altered template precursor.
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PMID:Phenotypic characteristics of familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease associated with the codon 178Asn PRNP mutation. 135 42

In 1987, an intoxication by cultured mussels produced neurological problems, such as headache, confusion, and loss of memory, particularly severe at times. Neuronal damage was found in the hippocampus and amygdala of four patients. The intoxication was attributed to the presence in mussels of domoic acid, a rare excitatory amino acid acting at the non-NMDA receptor. We now report that a domoic acid-containing mussel extract is more neurotoxic for cultured neurons than purified domoic acid. Moreover, we show that this increase in neurotoxicity is selectively due to domoic acid potentiation of the excitotoxic effect of glutamic acid and aspartic acid present in high concentrations in mussel tissue. We also show that subtoxic concentrations of domoic acid are sufficient to potentiate glutamic acid and aspartic acid neurotoxicity, and we present evidence suggesting that the neurotoxic synergism may occur through a reduction of the voltage-dependent Mg2+ block at the NMDA receptor-associated channel, following activation of non-NMDA receptors by domoic acid. Thus, based on our results, we suggest that the contemporary presence in the brain of concentrations of domoic acid insufficient alone to be toxic, together with excitatory amino acids, of endogenous and eventually of diet-related origin, may have been relevant in the occurrence of the neurological problems reported.
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PMID:Domoic acid-containing toxic mussels produce neurotoxicity in neuronal cultures through a synergism between excitatory amino acids. 135 95

The study of the drugs effective in the treatment of cognitive deficits and memory loss associated with senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type--tacrine and amiridin, acetylcholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine and nootrop piracetam on uptake of 3H-serotonin (3H-5-HT), 3H-adrenaline (3H-AD), 3H-noradrenaline (3H-HA), 2H-dopamine (3H-DA), 3H-gamma-aminobutyric acid (3H-GABA), 3H-glutamic acid (3H-GLU), 3H-aspartic acid (3H-ASP) and 3H-glycine (3H-GLI) showed that tacrine and amiridin (5 x 10(-5) M) statistically significantly (P less than 0.05) inhibited the uptake of 3H-DA and 3H-5-HT. Physostigmine at concentration 5 x 10(-4) M statistically significantly (P less than 0.05) inhibited uptake of 3H-5-HT only. Piracetam at concentration range 1-5 x 10(-3) M had no effect on uptake of all investigated neurotransmitters. The above finding suggest that the uptake of neurotransmitter in nerve terminals is not the main target of amiridin and tacrine.
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PMID:[Effects of amiridin and tacrine, drugs effective in Alzheimer's disease, on synaptosomal uptake of neuromediators]. 135 7


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