Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0740577 (acute abdominal pain)
 1,982 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In discussing these 2 patterns, a detailed review has been made of the composition of plasma (in terms of water, proteins, crystalloids and lipids) and of the physico-chemical composition of proteins and lipids. This should enable the reader to give a clearer explanation to his clinical colleagues in instances of pseudohyponatremia from water 'displacement'. Prompt notification to the clinical of the laboratory observation that a specimen of plasma or serum is lipemic may on occasion prevent incorrect and potentially dangerous therapy of a 'low' sodium concentration or even, rarely, an unnecessary laparotomy for acute abdominal pain. It is for these very practical reasons that the examples have been chosen.
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PMID:Test and teach. Number forty-one. Diagnosis: hypertriglyceridemia with pseudohyponatremia in acute or chronic alcoholism; multiple myeloma with pseudohyponatremia, decreased anion gap and hypercalcemia. 664 14

We report a fatal case of haemorrhagic pancreatic necrosis in a 15-year-old mentally retarded epileptic male who had been taking sodium valproate (VPA) in the recommended dosage for one and a half years. The patient was admitted to hospital because of acute abdominal pain, with nausea and vomiting. Serum amylase was 609 U/l (normal range 100-360 U/l). Two exploratory laparotomies were performed. The second revealed haemorrhagic pancreatitis with areas of necrosis. VPA therapy was discontinued after the second laparotomy, but the patient died 25 days after admission. Autopsy showed extensive haemorrhagic pancreatic necrosis. Non-specific vomiting and abdominal pain occur frequently during VPA therapy, but VPA-related pancreatitis should be considered when there is severe abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting. Awareness of this problem and early discontinuation of VPA therapy may prevent serious reactions.
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PMID:[Fatal pancreatitis associated with valproate therapy]. 764 93

The acute pancreatitis is still serious diagnostic and therapeutic problem. In spite of many experiments there are no satisfactory methods of the treatment of this disease. Usually, it is diagnosed clinically by acute abdominal pain and increased pancreatic enzymes in blood and urine. The main disorder of this disease is the necrosis of the pancreatic gland. The aim of our investigations was the evaluation of effect of necrolytic enzymes on the course of acute experimental pancreatitis. Fibrolan was used. Fibrolan (Parke-Davis) is a preparation, which has necrolytic properties. It consists of two bovine enzymes: fibrinolysin and deoxyribonuclease. The examinations were carried out on 380 Wistar rats. The acute pancreatitis was induced by retrograde injection of 0.1 ml/0.1 kg body weight of 3% sodium taurocholate solution into the pancreatic duct as previously described by other authors. The experimental animals were divided into four groups: K0-control group (healthy animals), KP-animals with acute experimental pancreatitis without medication, S-rats with acute experimental pancreatitis, which were treated with 0.9% NaCl solution, and F-animals with acute experimental pancreatitis treated with Fibrolan. Fibrolan and 0.9% NaCl were injected into the peritoneal cavity three times a day with eight hours intervals from the 24th experimental hour. The serum amylase and lipase activities and the amylase activity in the urine were determined in each animal group in the 24th, 48th, 72nd, 96th, 120th, 144th experimental hour. For histopathological analysis pancreatic tissue samples were taken from the pancreatic gland. The intensification of the histological changes of these tissue samples was judged using a point score as described by Spormann et al. The results were statistically analysed. The animals of the KP group showed significant histological changes of the pancreas during the whole examination time. Point score: 75-100. Microscopically, tissue samples taken from the animals treated with Fibrolan showed less changes from the 72nd examination hour. There were observed regenerative processes and the improvement of the histological state was evident (point score: 0-50). Changes were less in rats treated with 0.9% NaCl solution than in KP group but the regenerative processes were slower than in F group (point score: 50-75). Enzymes levels were significant lower in F group than in others from the 48th experimental hour.
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PMID:[The effect of intraperitoneally administered necrolytic enzymes on the course of experimental acute pancreatitis]. 942 54

Drepanocytic anemia is an uncommon hereditary disease in Chile. The heterozygous state of drepanocytic anemia or "sickle trait" has a frequency of 8% among Afro-Americans. A small number of patients carrying hemoglobin S are homozygous, with clinical manifestations of hemolytic anemia and thrombotic disease. Sickle trait is usually asymptomatic. We report a 59-year-old male who presented an acute abdominal pain and dyspnea while staying at high altitude. Six days later, an angio CAT scan showed the presence of a subcapsular splenic hematoma that was managed conservatively. Sickle cell induction with sodium metabisulphite was positive. Hemoglobin electrophoresis confirmed the sickle trait.
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PMID:[Sub capsular splenic hematoma in a sickle cell trait carrier. Case report]. 2221 99

Allergic drug reactions must always be considered when prescribing treatment, even in frequent pediatric problems such as acute abdominal pain due to constipation. We describe an original case of anaphylactic shock due to the administration of hypertonic rectal enema in a child. A 9-year-old child admitted to the emergency department for an acute complaint of abdominal pain related to constipation received an administration of a hypertonic rectal enema to allow the passage of stools. Afterwards, the child presented a life-threatening episode, requiring emergency treatment with transfer to the pediatric intensive care unit, suggesting an anaphylactic shock. The absence of any other drug or food intake, the chronology of events, and favorable outcome after treatment led to the diagnosis of a probable allergy to methylparaben, sodium parahydroxybenzoate, present as the excipient in the rectal enema. Anaphylactic shock is a serious allergic reaction, setting in rapidly, which may lead to fatal outcome. Most reactions to parabens reported concern, almost exclusively, the cutaneous application of paraben-containing topical preparations. The present observation underscores the original and undescribed risk of an allergic general reaction following the rectal administration of parabens. The indications of any prescription must be carefully observed and potential drug contraindications, considering the patient's history of allergy, should be sought.
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PMID:[Severe allergic reaction due to a rectal enema]. 2418 33

Porphyrias are a group of rare disorders caused by enzyme defects in haem biosynthesis pathway. Acute intermittent porphyria is the most common hepatic porphyria. The disorder presents with severe neuropathic abdominal pain that can be accompanied by a wide range of gastrointestinal, psychiatric and neurological symptoms, making the diagnosis clarification very challenging. We report a case of a 27-year-old female patient who presented with acute abdominal pain, vomiting and marked hyponatremia, developed seizures and disorientation, and eventually required intensive care unit treatment to maintain breathing. Her symptoms were initially misinterpreted as a functional gastrointestinal disorder, thus delaying the needed specific treatment. She was diagnosed a week after the initial hospital admission, and her condition improved after receiving treatment with intravenous glucose and haemin. For patients with acute neurovisceral attacks, early clinical recognition is essential. Severe hyponatremia, urine that develops orange colour on exposure to light and gastrointestinal symptom combination with neurologic symptoms are three valuable clues that may lead to the right diagnosis faster. Pathophysiology of hyponatremia in case of acute intermittent porphyria in only partly understood and can be associated with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, gastrointestinal or renal sodium loss.
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PMID:THINK PORPHYRIA: CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE. 2681 25