Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0740577 (acute abdominal pain)
 1,982 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

There are increasing challenges for the practising gastroenterologist in treating AIDS-related gastrointestinal diseases. The differential diagnoses of dysphagia and odynophagia include cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, non-specific aphthous ulceration and non-AIDS oesophageal diseases, especially reflux oesophagitis. Chronic subacute abdominal pain with nausea, vomiting, early satiety and weight loss is suggestive of an obstructive lesion caused by lymphoma or Kaposi's sarcoma. Severe acute abdominal pain can indicate pancreatitis or intestinal perforation due to cytomegalovirus. Right upper quadrant pain (with or without fever, vomiting or abnormal liver function tests with a cholestatic profile) is suggestive of hepatobiliary pathology including cholecystitis, cholangitis, acalculous cholecystitis and AIDS cholangiopathy. Diarrhoea is the most common gastrointestinal symptom of AIDS, affecting 50-90% of patients. Causes of AIDS diarrhoea include protozoa (Cryptosporidium parvum, Isospora belli, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Septata intestinalis, Cyclospora spp, Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia), bacteria (Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare, Clostridium difficile, Salmonella, Shigella and Campylobacter jejuni), and viruses (CMV, HSV and possibly HIV). Chronic diarrhoea, malnutrition and weight loss can shorten the life-span of patients with AIDS. Elemental diets, isotonic formulas, medium chain triglycerides and total parenteral nutrition have been tried with little success in AIDS patients with severe diarrhoea and wasting.
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PMID:AIDS and the gut. 805 32

Several weeks or even months after heart-lung transplantation, gastroparesis-or delayed gastric emptying-commonly presents with cough, early satiety, and bloating. As it progresses, gastroparesis can cause substantial malnutrition and impair drug absorption. Gastroparesis after heart-lung transplantation can be attributed to bilateral vagus nerve injury, which probably occurs just above the level of the carina, where the recipient's trachea is resected. We report a highly unusual case wherein gastroparesis presented early after heart-lung transplantation and was managed conservatively. However, 19 days postoperatively, the patient developed acute abdominal pain and hypotension. Laparotomy revealed a massively dilated stomach and total avulsion of the splenic capsule with hemorrhage. The patient was fed via jejunostomy tubes until the gastroparesis resolved spontaneously. This case illustrates an important sequela of heart-lung transplantation. In order to decrease the morbidity from gastroparesis in these fragile patients, a drainage procedure should be considered as an adjunct to heart-lung transplantation.
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PMID:Severe gastroparesis causing splenic rupture: a unique, early complication after heart-lung transplantation. 1721 83

The present study describes the case of a 62 year-old female patient with a metastatic tumor in the right hemi-liver of >25 cm in diameter, who presented to The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University (Guangxi, China) with acute abdominal pain and severe malnutrition. Radical surgery was performed to remove the tumor by open surgery. A biopsy was not performed prior to the surgery, so the tumor was diagnosed as end-stage primary liver cancer (PLC) based solely on the character and appearance of the tumor on computed tomography prior to surgery. However, subsequent to the surgery, upon analysis by the Department of Pathology, the mass was identified as an ovarian granulosa cell tumor (GCT). These tumors occur rarely, representing only 2-3% of all ovarian tumors, and are well known for late recurrences, with an incidence of 25-30%. As metastasis of the liver with GCT is extremely rare and the data available on the subject is limited by the small number of studies, and due to the absence of a biopsy report prior to surgery, the patient was initially misdiagnosed with PLC. However, despite this misdiagnosis, a good result was obtained, as the patient was later diagnosed with GCT following a detailed pathological examination and was treated with rational therapy. The performance status and quality of life were significantly improved, and the patient remains disease-free at one year post-surgery.
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PMID:Metastasis of the liver with a granulosa cell tumor of the ovary: A case report. 2562 Oct 56