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Query: UMLS:C0740577 (acute abdominal pain)
 1,982 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Accessory liver lobe (ALL) is a rare congenital anomaly of the liver and is related to the focal excessive development of liver tissue. Accessory liver lobe torsion (ALLT) is a rare condition that can present with acute abdominal pain. Delay in diagnosis can lead to life-threatening complications such as sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Imaging methods, especially computed tomography (CT), are of great importance for prompt diagnosis of acute abdominal pain causes, and CT images should be carefully examined. Herein we present a case of ALLT that was occurred due to Morgagni hernia in a 54-year-old male patient who presented with acute abdominal pain. Contrast-enhanced thoracoabdominal computed tomography (CT) was performed and CT demonstrated the Morgagni hernia and herniation of the accessory liver lobe into the hernia sac. CT showed decreased contrast-enhancement in the accessory liver lobe, compatible with ischemia. We also aimed to emphasize the clinical and CT imaging findings of ALLT.
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PMID:Morgagni hernia and accessory liver lobe torsion in an adult. 3252 4

The causes of diagnostic errors during daily medical practice can be several, mainly attributable to perceptual, interpretive and communication factors. The eventuality of radiological error is much more amplified in the emergency setting where a high number of complex multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) images must be evaluated quickly and critical time decisions need to be taken. In particular, in this context, the diagnosis of vascular intestinal diseases represents a crucial and difficult challenge in case of acute abdominal pain given the importance of being able to identify patient with high suspicious for intestinal ischemia and for a specific patient to judge if his ischemia is reversible or irreversible. Awareness of potential biases which can lead to diagnostic errors together with an extensive knowledge of the imaging features of these pathologies can lead to promptly recognize them with fewer mistakes, improving patients' outcome. This article reviews the MDCT findings of acute intestinal ischemia and acute colonic ischemia and analyzes the main types of diagnostic errors, underlining the importance of being familiarized with them to avoid misdiagnosis.
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PMID:Errors in MDCT diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia. 3291 7

Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia is most common in elderly patients with multiple comorbidities. Nevertheless, there are some reports of acute bowel ischemia in young patients with a history of recreational drug abuse. We describe the case of a 33-year-old patient who presented with acute abdominal pain following amphetamine consumption. Multidetector computed tomography showed nonocclusive segmental ischemia of the distal ileum, and the patient underwent emergency surgery with ileocecal resection. The patient recovered quickly and was discharged without any postoperative complications. An early and precise diagnosis of patients with intestinal ischemia having a history of amphetamine abuse is of utmost importance for prompt and proper treatment. Especially in younger patients, multidetector computed tomography should be tailored to use with less radiation. A single portal venous scan proved sufficient in our case.
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PMID:Amphetamine-induced small bowel ischemia - A case report. 3294 14

Gastrointestinal tract lesions are major causes of acute abdominal pain. A rapid, accurate, and reliable diagnosis is required to manage patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a nonionizing modality that is beneficial for pregnant women, children, and young adults who are sensitive to ionizing radiation. For patients with renal impairment who are not accurately diagnosed with noncontrast computed tomography, noncontrast MRI can serve as an alternative diagnostic modality. MRI protocols used for acute abdominal pain are supposed to be optimized and prioritized to shorten scanning times. Single-shot T2-weighted and fat-suppressed T2-weighted imaging are important pulse sequences that are used to reveal pathology and inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. Diffusion-weighted imaging clearly depicts inflammation and abscesses as hyperintense lesions. Most acute gastrointestinal tract lesions, including inflammation, ischemia, obstruction, and perforation, demonstrate bowel wall thickening. Bowel obstruction and adynamic ileus present bowel dilatation, and perforation and penetration show bowel wall defects. MRI can be used to reveal these pathological findings with some characteristics depending on their underlying pathophysiology. This review article discusses imaging modalities for acute abdominal pain, describes a noncontrast MRI protocol for acute abdominal pain caused by gastrointestinal tract lesions, and reviews MRI findings of acute gastrointestinal tract lesions.
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PMID:Noncontrast MRI of acute abdominal pain caused by gastrointestinal lesions: indications, protocol, and image interpretation. 3303 49


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