Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0740441 (acute diarrhea)
 2,275 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

On the basis of the safety of the 1-h paclitaxel infusion schedule in prior studies we attempted to evaluate the feasibility of a shorter infusion schedule (< 1-h), given the general lack of published data or of attempts at applying this strategy. Before receiving paclitaxel, all patients were premedicated with promethazine, dexamethasone, and ranitidine; they were then given paclitaxel at a dose of 175 mg/m2 diluted in 150 ml normal saline. Four patients were evaluated, two with breast cancer, one with ovarian carcinoma, and one with non-small-cell lung cancer. All had received at least two prior cycles of paclitaxel and had never exhibited any hypersensitivity reaction. In all four patients, adverse signs and symptoms were observed at 5-15 min after the start of paclitaxel administration. These included generalized erythema (three patients), angioedema (all patients), sinus tachycardia (all patients), dyspnea (all patients), and increased sweating (all patients). One patient experienced acute diarrhea. Significant changes in vital signs were recorded in all patients, but there was no dysrhythmia or syncope. Thereafter, drug infusion was interrupted and supportive measures were initiated with dimethidene maleate, ranitidine, and methylprednisolone. In all patients, symptoms resolved over the next 15-30 min, and paclitaxel was reinstituted at the standard 1-h rate with no further sequelae. Paclitaxel administration in < 1 h did not prove to be safe in the current pilot experience and, therefore, cannot be recommended.
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PMID:Risk of severe acute hypersensitivity reactions after rapid paclitaxel infusion of less than 1-h duration. 978 79

The management of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has progressed over the last 3 decades due to advances in chemotherapeutic drugs and targeted agents improving survival and quality of life. In particular erlotinib, an orally available human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER1/EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor advancing through clinical trials for the treatment of various human malignancies in a large placebo-controlled phase III study, has shown a significantly better OS vs. placebo suggesting its potential benefits in third line and possibly in second line treatments. The association of erlotinib with ionizing radiation has been recently published showing an enhancing antitumor activity and good tolerance. No information are available on side effects when erlotinib is associated with abdominal hypofractionated radiotherapy although diarrhoea is the most known side effect dose-limiting toxicity when the abdomen is treated. Here we report a fatal acute diarrhoea in a metastatic NSCLC patient taking erlotinib during abdominal hypofractionated radiotherapy for metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC).
Lung Cancer 2008 Aug
PMID:Acute and fatal diarrhoea after erlotinib plus abdominal palliative hypofractionated radiotherapy in a metastatic non-small cell lung cancer patient: a case report. 1844 70