Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0740441 (acute diarrhea)
 2,275 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Persistent diarrhea (PD) is 3 or more stools/day which lasts nonstop for 14 days. Some small intestine disorders impede its diagnosis. PD follows 3-20% of acute diarrhea cases. It is more difficult to treat than acute diarrhea and often brings about nutritional and metabolic complications, e.g., growth failure. Skin infection, systemic infection, and micronutrient deficiency often accompany PD so it is often referred to PD syndrome (PDS). PDS patients often have more frequent recurrences of diarrhea although not of PD. Deaths of hospitalized PDS patients range from 10-12% and most occur within the 1st 48 hours. Physicians should immediately follow the guidelines for managing sepsis dehydration, fever, hypoglycemia, and malnutrition when 1st treating a hospitalized PDS patient. They should then start broad spectrum antibiotics. Once stable, nutrition management can begin. This includes maintaining breast feeding or using expressed breast milk, a digestible balanced diet free of allergenic proteins, and additional micronutrients and vitamins. Upon arrival at home, the child should eat a high energy high protein diet. PDS most often occurs in young infants, e.g., peaking at 7 months in Bangladesh. Other risk factors include nonbreast feeding, recent antibiotic therapy, history of bloody diarrhea, vitamin A deficiency, and malnutrition. Giardia lamblia and aggregative, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in the stool have been associated with PDS, but have not yet been identified as causative agents. Scientists surmise that PDS is caused by an insult to the intestine which allows the passage of proteins, especially dietary proteins, through the mucosa thereby inducing a hypersensitive reaction which causes more mucosal damage. Excess bacterial growth plays a role in production of an irritant product which contributes to fluid loss.
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PMID:Persistent diarrhoea syndrome. 1231 13