Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0740441 (acute diarrhea)
 2,275 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

17 patients with advanced low-risk breast carcinoma not previously pretreated by cytostatic agents were treated by Vinorelbine (VIN), 5'-Nor-anhydro-vinblastine, a new semisynthetic compound of the vinca alkaloid series. A dose of 130 mg per week was administered in a hard gelatine formulation for at least eight weeks. Out of 15 evaluable patients, no complete or partial remission was observed. However, there were 9 patients (60%) achieving no change and tumor stabilization, respectively, lasting for a median of 3.0 months. Main toxicities were leukopenia (17.7%, WHO grade 3-4), nausea and vomiting (17.7%, WHO grade 3-4), and acute diarrhea (70.6%, WHO grade 1-4). Thus, further trials with the oral medication used for this study are not recommended.
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PMID:Phase II study of vinorelbine by oral route (in a hard gelatine capsule) for metastatic breast cancer patients. A trial of the phase I/II study group of the Association for Medical Oncology of the German Cancer Society. 164 10

In a double-blind, randomized trial, 85 adult patients with acute diarrhea (more than three watery stools per day) received either 500 mg of ciprofloxacin twice daily or placebo for five days. Seventy-six patients were evaluated, 38 patients in the ciprofloxacin group (16 with Salmonella species, 19 with Campylobacter jejuni, and three with Shigella species) and 38 patients in the placebo group (21 with Salmonella species, 11 with C. jejuni, and six with Shigella species). The duration of fever in patients treated with ciprofloxacin was 1.3 days versus 3.1 days in the placebo group (p less than 0.05). The mean duration of diarrhea in the ciprofloxacin group was 1.5 days versus 2.9 days in the placebo group (p less than 0.001). The corresponding numbers in patients with salmonellosis were 1.9 versus 3.4 days (p less than 0.01). In the ciprofloxacin group, all stool culture results became negative within 48 hours of treatment. Relapse occurred in four patients with salmonellosis within three weeks after the end of treatment. In the placebo group, only four of 38 patients had negative stool culture results during treatment and results were negative in only 13 at one week after the treatment period (p less than 0.001). Modest transient elevation of serum transaminase levels was detected in three patients in the ciprofloxacin group and in two patients in the placebo group. Epigastric pain occurred in one patient, and leukopenia occurred in one patient in the ciprofloxacin group. Gastrointestinal discomfort was recorded in two patients and rash was found in one patient in the placebo group.
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PMID:Clinical efficacy of ciprofloxacin compared with placebo in bacterial diarrhea. 355 57

Casuistics of 200 patients with acute diarrhea (72 horses with salmonellosis, 55 horses with typhlocolitis, 73 horses with unspecific diarrhea) have been analyzed. It was shown, that horses with salmonellosis have been fallen ill with a primary disease for a longer period of time before the beginning of diarrhea than those with typhlocolitis and that in cases of salmonellosis antibiotics very often were used during the preliminary treatment. Frequently a primary illness of the colon was seen with typhlocolitis. Besides the frequent use of butylscopolamin during the pretreatment was noticed. The clinical and laboratory parameters showed many differences between the three groups of patients as well as a dependency on the course of healing. Particularly it was important, that horses with salmonellosis had fever and a leukopenia at the beginning of diarrhea, while in horses with typhlocolitis a leukopenia without fever at the beginning of diarrhea was seen, whereas fever only appeared a few days later in moribund patients. Finally an evaluation of the therapies was carried out.
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PMID:[Acute diarrhea in horses with special regard to salmonellosis and typhlocolitis]. 858 58

Inherited neutropenia is characterized by a decrease in the absolute number of circulating neutrophils and an increased susceptibility to infections. The current study was performed to determine the clinical and laboratory findings of Iranian patients with inherited neutropenias. Records of 26 patients (14 male, 12 female) with inherited neutropenia were reviewed in this study. The patients had been referred to Children's Medical Center, a referral center for immunodeficiency disorders in Iran, during a 22-year period (1981-2003). Primary immunodeficiency disorders of these patients were as follows: cyclic neutropenia (8 patients), Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (7 patients), Kostmann syndrome (6 patients), and Chediak-Higashi syndrome (5 patients). The mean absolute neutrophil count of patients was 398.2 +/- 259.3 cells/mm (range 74-1,152/mm) at the first visit. Twenty-one patients showed severe, four moderate, and one mild neutropenia. Sixteen of these patients had leukopenia, seven anemia, two thrombocytopenia, and one monocytosis. The most common presenting complaints in these patients were oral ulcer, otitis, pneumonia, diarrhea, cutaneous abscess, and oral candidiasis. The patients first manifested symptoms of infection suggesting neutropenia at a median age of 7.5 months (range 1 month to 10 years). During follow-up, respiratory infections developed in 24 cases, oral manifestations in 20 patients. The most common infections, in descending order of frequency, were otitis media, abscesses, pneumonia, oral ulcers, acute diarrhea, cutaneous infections, oral candidiasis, and periodontitis. Less frequent infections were sinusitis, cystitis, conjunctivitis, meningitis, and osteomyelitis. Nonspecific symptoms (hepatomegaly and splenomegaly) were also detected in 10 patients and 1 patient, respectively. Three patients died of recurrent infections. The infectious manifestations both at presentation and during follow-up in inherited neutropenia were similar. Although inherited neutropenias are rare, recurrent infections always deserves further evaluation for detecting such disorders.
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PMID:Congenital neutropenia and primary immunodeficiency disorders: a survey of 26 Iranian patients. 1601 23