Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0740441 (acute diarrhea)
 2,275 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We conducted a prospective study 77 indigenous African adults with acute diarrhea seeking care at the major hospital in Nairobi, Kenya, to determine the major pathogens responsible for this syndrome in adults. Fecal and blood specimens were collected and examined for enteric bacterial pathogens, viruses, and parasites. In 13 (26%) inpatients and 11 (49%) outpatients Shigella was found, and heat-labile and heat-stable forms of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli were found in 9 (18%) inpatients and 1 (4%) outpatient. Human revirus-like agent titers rose significantly in another 3 (6%). Amebic dysentery was not seen although hemagglutination-inhibition tests for invasive Entamoeba histolytica were positive in 4 inpatients. An etiologic agent was found in 65% of patients.
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PMID:New and old agents in diarrhea: a prospective study of an indigenous adult African population. 20 97

Amebiasis, an infection of humans with the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica, has a wide distribution in Mexico. The lumenal, asymptomatic infection, as measured by the presence of cysts in stools has been recorded from 2.4% at Ometepec, Guerrero to over 55% at Mixquic, D.F., but only a small percentage of those having intestinal infection will develop invasive amebiasis, the main clinical forms being dysentery and liver abscess. In Mexico City, from 0.8 up to 14% of cases of acute diarrhoea in children requiring hospitalization were found to be associated with E. histolytica. Serological surveys for antibodies, suggest that approximately 5.98% of people had intestinal mucosal or liver invasion, but amebic dysentery may be five to 50 times more frequent than liver abscess, namely in children. Amebiasis may cause death when it manifests itself as fulminating colitis or liver abscess. Lethality in adults has been estimated to be around 0.2 to 2%, but in children with liver abscess it may be 1.1 to 26%. In addition to being a potentially lethal disease, it has important socioeconomic consequences, because incapacitating infections are rather frequent in wage-earning adult males requiring several weeks of hospitalization and from two to three months for full recovery. In Mexico, amebiasis has been more closely associated with poverty and low levels of sanitation than to climate, and in view of the high rates of morbidity and mortality caused by E. histolytica, more research into better and cheaper methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention is clearly necessary plus a substantial improvement in control strategies.
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PMID:[Invasive amebiasis as a public health problem]. 271 60

We studied 84 consecutive patients presenting with acute diarrhoea (less than 1 week in duration) at an outpatient tropical medicine clinic in Cairo, Egypt. The diagnosis of amoebic colitis was established by the presence of Entamoeba histolytica galactose-inhibitable lectin antigen and the presence of occult blood in stool. Controls were 182 healthy regional people and 64 patients complaining of prolonged diarrhoea lasting more than 1 week. Entamoeba histolytica infection was found more frequently in patients with acute diarrhoea (57.1%) than in healthy controls (21.4%) or patients with prolonged diarrhoea (25%) (P < 0.001). There was a higher prevalence of Entamoeba dispar infection in the two control groups (24.2 and 20.3%, respectively, P=0.004 and 0.061) compared with those with acute diarrhoea (8.3%). Of the 84 patients with acute diarrhoea 32 had amoebic colitis (38%), and of these, 31 (97%) had at least one positive assay for serum amoebic antibodies (P < 0.001 compared with control groups). In summary, as determined by antigen-detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, there is an unexpectedly high prevalence of amoebic colitis among patients presenting with acute diarrhoea to a tropical disease clinic in Cairo, Egypt.
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PMID:Diagnosis of amoebic colitis by antigen capture ELISA in patients presenting with acute diarrhoea in Cairo, Egypt. 1195 53