Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0730345 (microalbuminuria)
 4,018 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Current topics are presented on four urinary proteins under investigations with special emphasis on importance of preanalytical sampling and assay standardization. These comprise of albumin, protein 1 (P1), beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-m), and Type IV collagen. Microalbuminuria is an essential marker for early diabetic nephropathy. The author is trying to reduce the discrepancy of urinary albumin value with value assignment from CRM470, BCR international reference material, to calibrator in each assay system. At the same time nonspecific binding of the protein on urine containers were found, which can cause the discrepancy. Furthermore structure of albumin both in calibrator and urine is important. Protein 1 is a low molecular weight nonglycoprotein of 14 kDa isolated from pathologic urine. Marked sex-related difference was noted in urine, being higher in male than female. This is due to the contamination from prostate. Its localization was finally demonstrated with immunohistochemical staining and a RT-PCR method. With the same methods the protein is demonstrated to be synthesized in female prostate. beta 2-m is easily degraded in acid urine. Employing various immunochemical methods and analyses of its amino acid sequences, we successfully identified cathepsin D as one of acid proteases responsible for the degradation. Urinary measurement of type IV collagen is now clinically under use for an independent marker for early diabetic nephropathy. Nonspecific elevation was observed in urine with UTI, in which mechanisms is should be clarified.
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PMID:[Current topics on urinary proteins: human albumin, protein 1, beta 2-microglobulin, and type IV collagen]. 1216 72

Low circulating VVH7-like immunoreactivity (VVH7 i.r) level was amazingly observed in human diabetic sera. Here, we examined the impact of diabetes type, clinico-biological features and metabolic control on circulating VVH7 i.r level in this disease. ELISA test was used to measure VVH7 i.r in sera of 120 diabetic patients (type 1 diabetes in 64, type 2 diabetes in 56). Three enzymatic tests were also applied to determine serum cathepsin D (CD), dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activities. A subgroup of 24 type 1 diabetic patients negative for microalbuminuria and hypertension were submitted to an ambulatory blood pressure monitoring to evaluate the relationship between VVH7 i.r level and blood pressure parameters. The mean serum concentration of VVH7 i.r was drastically reduced in diabetic patients (0.91+/-0.93 micromol/l versus 5.63+/-1.11 micromol/l in controls) (p<0.001). A negative correlation between VVH7 i.r level and daytime diastolic blood pressure existed in type 1 diabetic patients. There was no association of low VVH7 i.r with either type of diabetes or HbA1c level. An increase of cathepsin D activity was found in serum of diabetic patients compared to controls (0.47 U/ml versus 0.15 U/ml, respectively) whereas DPPIV activity was significantly decreased in diabetic sera (50.81 U/ml versus 282.10 U/l respectively). Diminution of VVH7 i.r in sera of diabetic patients was confirmed but still remained unexplained. Relationships between higher systolic blood pressure and decrease of VVH7 i.r reinforce the need to investigate this pathway in this disease to elucidate its role in macro- and micro-angiopathy.
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PMID:Significant lower VVH7-like immunoreactivity serum level in diabetic patients: evidence for independence from metabolic control and three key enzymes in hemorphin metabolism, cathepsin D, ACE and DPP-IV. 1906 27