Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0730345 (microalbuminuria)
 4,018 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of this study was to ascertain if hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with the metabolic syndrome. The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors. Hyperhomocysteinemia is an obvious independent risk factor for atheroma, and thrombosis morbidity and mortality. EPIMIL is a prospective epidemiological survey, which began with a crosssectional study of cardiovascular risk factors in a French male population, followed by monitoring for 10 years. Initial data collection, blood pressure measurement, ECG, and blood samples have been performed. For the metabolic syndrome, we used the criteria of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults. Out of 2045 men aged 20-58 years (37.7 +/- 8.7 years), 185 (9%) have metabolic syndrome (at least three criteria), 587 (29%) have a plasma homocysteine level of >/=12 micromol/L, and 202 (10%) have a level of >/=15 micromol/L. Mean homocysteinemia is 10.97 +/- 5.01 micromol/L for the whole population and does not differ significantly with (11.4 +/- 6 micromol/L) or without (10.9 +/- 5 micromol/L) the metabolic syndrome, as does its value distribution. Nor does it correlate with the Body Mass Index (BMI), waist and hip measurements, or blood glucose, HbA1c, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular risk markers (CRPus, microalbuminuria). It weakly correlates with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, creatinine clearance, tobacco use, cholesterolemia, triglycerides, and free fatty acids, but not with HDL and LDL fractions, or lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)). It contributes slightly to the 10-year vascular risk according to the Framingham equations or Score system. In this male population, homocysteinemia and the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia do not differ with or without the metabolic syndrome. Plasma homocysteine level does not correlate with its main criteria. Hyperhomocysteinemia is not associated with the metabolic syndrome; nevertheless, it should be monitored in high-risk cardiovascular patients.
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PMID:Is hyperhomocysteinemia an additional risk factor of the metabolic syndrome? 1837 Jul 37

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for 35% to 50% of deaths among renal transplant recipients. Beside the atherogenic risk factors related to hemodialysis, renal function, and use of immunosuppressive agents, other relevant risk factors for CVD include acute rejection episodes, microalbuminuria (muAlb), diabetes, arterial hypertension, lipid disorders, inflammatory triggers, hyperhomocysteinemia, anemia, erythrocytosis, obesity, and hyperuricemia. We studied the prevalence of risk factors and the impact of various drugs on CVD among 103 renal transplant recipients with measured glomerular filtration rates showing values >45 mL/min. We measured uric acid, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) LDL/HDL ratio, homocysteine (HOMO), insulin resistance, muAlb, C-reactive protein (CRP), and fibrinogen. Subsequently, patients were divided into 8 groups based on the immunosuppressive protocol to evaluate its impact on CVD risk factors. Insulin resistance and hyperhomocysteinemia were present in >2/3 of patients. Considering the impact of protocols, the combination of cyclosporine (CsA) + everolimus (EVL) resulted in the most favorable profile in terms of reduction of hyperuricemia, hyperlipidemia, and hyperhomocysteinemia. Insulin resistance tended to be more frequent among patients treated with protocols including calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) and steroids. The prevalence of hyperhomocyteinemia was similar among patients on CsA and on tacrolimus (Tac). Sirolimus (SRL) was associated with higher levels of HOMO. The combination of CNI and proliferative signal inhibitors (PSI) seemed to be the most promising one to reduce the impact of CVD risk factors. The reduction in CVD morbidity can improve expectancy and quality of life, as well as graft function and survival among renal transplant patients.
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PMID:Immunosuppressive agents and metabolic factors of cardiovascular risk in renal transplant recipients. 1946 May 10

Hyperhomocysteinemia is a well-defined risk factor for endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. A point mutation (677 C-T) of MTHFR gene results in a significant increase at plasma homocysteine levels. In this study we aimed to evaluate the effects of MTHFR gene mutation and consequent hyperhomocysteinemia on the development of diabetic microvascular complications in comparison with the other defined risk factors. Diabetic patients without a history of macrovascular complication or overt nephropathy enrolled into the study. The presence of MTHFR 677 C-T point mutation was evaluated by Real-Time PCR technique by using a LightCycler. MTHFR heterozygous mutation was present in 24 patients over 52. Patients with diabetes were divided into two groups according to the presence of MTHFR gene mutation. Both groups were well matched regarding age and diabetes duration. Metabolic parameters, plasma homocysteine, microalbuminuria, folic acid, and vitamin B12 levels were also studied. Presence of neuropathy and retinopathy were evaluated by specific tests. Duration of diabetes, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, plasma CRP, HbA1c, and lipid levels were not different between the two groups. Plasma homocysteine (12.89 +/- 1.74 and 8.98 +/- 1.91 micromol/l; P < 0.0001) and microalbuminuria levels (73.40 +/- 98.15 and 29.53 +/- 5.08 mg/day; P = 0.021) were significantly higher in the group with MTHFR gene mutation while creatinine clearance levels (101.1 +/- 42.6 and 136.21 +/- 51.50 ml/min; P = 0.008) were significantly lower. Sixteen over 22 (73%) of the patients with diabetic nephropathy had MTHFR gene mutation, while this was only 27% (8 over 30) in normoalbuminuric patients (P = 0.017). There was a significant correlation of plasma homocysteine level with microalbuminuria (r = 0.54; P = 0.031) in the patients with diabetic nephropathy who had C677T polymorphism. We did not find any specific association of MTHFR gene mutation and hyperhomocysteinemia with retinopathy or neuropathy.
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PMID:Methyltetrahydrofolate reductase C677T gene mutation and hyperhomocysteinemia as a novel risk factor for diabetic nephropathy. 1959 5

Cardiovascular diseases are the most prominent circulation disorders around the world. Biomarkers are characteristic biological properties that can be objectively measured as an indicator to evaluate a variety of health or disease characteristics. Cardiac biomarkers are a valuable tool for assessing the pathogenesis and diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we will focus on the major biomarkers used in recent clinical research for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases, which include mean platelet volume, hyperhomocysteinemia, serum magnesium, microalbuminuria, and prolongation of QT interval and dispersion. We also highlight the key findings of clinical case report based studies presented in this issue of JCDR.
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PMID:A brief review of biomarkers for preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases. 2323 66


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