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Query: UMLS:C0729233 (Thoracic)
 6,478 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Spinal fusion was performed in 23 patients with congenital scoliosis. Various procedures were used including posterior fusion and without instrumentation. No surgical procedure proved to be superior for obtaining correction regardless of the use of supplemental instrumentation. The use of Knodt or Harrington Instrumentation could not be correlated with a lower pseudoarthrosis rate, shorter postoperative immunobilization period, or a decrease in postoperative loss of correction. The morbidity associated with these surgical procedures was high (48%). Thoracic curves were more prone to lengthen or develop kyphoses postoperatively. A high incidence of varied congenital anomalies was found in association with congenital scoliosis. A through work-up including an intravenous pyelogram and myelogram is strongly recommended prior to the operative treatment of congenital scoliosis.
Clin Orthop Relat Res 1979 Sep
PMID:The operative treatment of congenital scoliosis. A report of 23 patients. 50 23

The effect of haemorrhagic shock on the simultaneous appearance of enteric micro-organisms in the central lymph and the portal blood was studied in 30 dogs. Irreversible haemorrhagic shock results in portal bacteraemia but the lymph remains sterile. Thoracic duct drainage is harmful and hastens the onset of irreversibility.
Br J Surg 1977 Sep
PMID:The effect of experimental haemorrhagic shock on the bacterial content of thoracic duct lymph. 58 6

One-hour intestinal ischaemia by clamping the superior mesenteric artery and interrupting the intramural collaterals was produced in 8 dogs. Thoracic duct lymph, mesenteric venous blood and arterial blood were examined before and during intestinal ischaemia and after revascularization of the small bowel. Venous blood was the major route of transport of lactic acid and lactate dehydrogenase from the ischaemic bowel. Endotoxin activity determined by the limulus test was found in the lymph before the induction of intestinal ischaemia in 4 of 6 dogs while it was absent in arterial blood. After one hour lasting revascularization endotoxin was present in the lymph of all dogs and in 3 and 4 dogs in arterial and mesenteric venous blood respectively. It was demonstrated that limulus-positive substances escape from the intestine both via the lymph and blood.
Lymphology 1977 Sep
PMID:Effect of transient intestinal ischaemia on the thoracic duct lymph absorption of endotoxin. 59 88

A prospective study of 595 patients treated by the Thoracic Surgical Unit (TSU) at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan between July 1975 and December 1977 was carried out to determine the pattern of thoracic surgical diseases in Nigeria and to prove or disprove the rarity of certain cardiopulmonary diseases in tropical Africa. This review shows that pyogenic infections of the lung and pleura constitute the largest percentage (38.5) of the thoracic surgical diseases in Nigeria. Although pulmonary tuberculosis accounts for only 23.4 percent of our total inpatient load, it constitutes about 60 percent of our outpatient clinic practice. Cardiovascular diseases form 12.9 percent, notably congenital and acquired valvular heart diseases. An interesting finding was the occasional association of pyomyositis with pyogenic pericarditis and empyema thoracis. This triad is being investigated. Chest trauma was the most common thoracic surgical emergency accounting for 9.2 percent of the total thoracic surgical pathology. The most common causes of dysphagia are strictures from corrosive esophagitis, achalasia, and carcinoma of the esophagus. Present experience confirms the rarity of hiatus hernia, reflux esophagitis, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and, perhaps, carcinoma of the lung among Nigerians.
J Natl Med Assoc 1978 Sep
PMID:Pattern of thoracic surgical diseases in Nigeria: experience at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. 70 99

Wythenshawe Hospital is a large general district hospital with more than 1000 beds, situated approximately 9 miles south of Manchester. The Cardio-Thoracic department, housed in the new section of the hospital which was completed in 1973, is the major centre for cardiothoracic surgery in the greater Manchester area. It also receives any major accident cases which require treatment within the Intensive Therapy Unit. This paper describes a Patient Data Display System and the methods used to introduce the concept of such a system, to doctors, nurses, laboratory and paramedical staff, and the manner in which these staff were trained in the use of computer terminals. Principles underlying the need for and requirements of such a system are also discussed. Six months after hardware commissioning the system was fully operational throughout the whole department.
Comput Programs Biomed 1978 Sep
PMID:Readers' forum: experiences with a system. The implementation of a completely operational computer system in a cardio-thoracic department. 75 8

Helper T cells were obtained by injecting heavily irradiated semiallogeneic mice with lymph node cells from H-2-incompatible parental strain mice primed with sheep erythrocytes (SRC) 2 mo before. Thoracic duct lymphocytes collected from the recipents 18-40 h later (nearly all of which were theta-positive and of donor origin) were totally and specifically unresponsive against host-type determinants in mixed-lymphocyte culture. The filtered cells were transferred to irradiated semiallogeneic mice together with SRC and anti-theta-serum-treated (B) cells from SRC-primed syngeneic, semiallogeneic, or allogeneic mice. When antibody-forming cells were measured in the spleen 5-9 days later, effective IgM and IgG collaborative responses were observed with both syngeneic and semiallogeneic B cells but not with allogeneic B cells. No evidence was found that the failure to obtain collaboration with the allogeneic B cells was due to inhibition of the B cells by the T cells or vice versa.
J Exp Med 1976 Sep 01
PMID:Helper function of T cells depleted of alloantigen-reactive lymphocytes by filtration through irradiated F1 hybrid recipients. I. Failure to collaborate with allogeneic B cells in a secondary response to sheep erythrocytes measured in vivo. 108 35

This paper looks at the beginnings of cardiac surgery in Kenya with relevant clinical data as well as the overall historical background to various cardiovascular operations which preceded formal establishment of the Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgical Unit at the Kenyatta National Hospital. Similar activities in other hospitals in Nairobi and elsewhere in Kenya have been excluded. The Unit separated from general surgical wards in January 1973. By the end of 1983, a total of 208 open heart operations had been done by various teams in the Unit. A number of other heart operations were also undertaken. Those done before that decade are also highlighted back to 1950. The many problems that the Unit faced and still faces are also identified in this paper and the dream of making it a Centre of Excellence revisited.
East Afr Med J 1992 Sep
PMID:The first ten years of heart surgery in Kenya--aspirations, dilemmas and possibilities. 128 36

Thoracic CT scans were performed preoperatively in 19 patients with carcinoma of the esophagus and one patient with esophageal leiomyoma. CT findings were compared with surgical and pathological findings before and after operation. CT was shown to be inaccurate in the preoperative assessment of the involvement of esophageal carcinoma and of little value in judging potential resectability (69%). Its accuracy was low in staging the tumor, usually understaging (37.5% staging II) or overstaging tumor (45.4% staging III), without information about suitable treatment of esophageal cancer. With low accuracy in visualizing lymph nodes of the mediastinum and periesophagus (30%), it is not helpful in distinguishing benign from malignant tumor of the esophagus.
Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 1992 Sep
PMID:[Preoperative CT scan for esophageal tumor]. 130 34

Short-term trials of bronchodilator drugs are widely used to assess patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but there is an uncertainty about the equivalence of the FEV1 response to beta-agonists and anticholinergic drugs, their relative ability to identify patients likely to improve with corticosteroids, the most appropriate way to express the results of these tests, and whether age or allergic status affects the beta-agonist and anticholinergic response differently. We studied 100 consecutive patients with stable COPD (mean FEV1, 0.96 +/- 0.48 L; mean age, 62 +/- 8 yr). Spirometry was measured before and after either 5 mg of nebulized salbutamol or 500 micrograms of nebulized ipratropium bromide and repeated after 2 wk of 30 mg of oral prednisolone daily. Total IgE, specific RAST, and skin prick testing values were recorded. Using modified American Thoracic Society response criteria, 33 patients failed to bronchodilate after the acute trials, 16 responded only to nebulized salbutamol, 17 to nebulized ipratropium, and 34 to both drugs. Twenty-two patients improved after corticosteroids. This was usually detected by a positive acute trial response (salbutamol 90% specific; ipratropium 84% specific). Baseline FEV1 differed between days, and in those who responded on only 1 day, this variation correlating with the response to ipratropium (r = 0.66). Expressing the response criterion as a percentage change in the available bronchodilatation increased the numbers responding with a high baseline FEV1, and vice versa. Neither age nor allergic status was related to the change in FEV1 after either drug in these patients. In COPD patients, testing with high-dose nebulized bronchodilators identifies a substantial number of partially reversible patients whatever age it is employed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Am Rev Respir Dis 1992 Sep
PMID:Acute bronchodilator trials in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 138 72

Thoracic sympathectomy has an established role in the management of primary palmar and axillary hyperhidrosis, Raynaud's phenomenon and occlusive vascular disease. Potential problems with traditional surgical approaches to the sympathetic chain include poor exposure, risk of damage to adjacent structures and postoperative pain. A minimally invasive endoscopic approach helps to overcome these problems. Using this technique, 45 procedures have been performed on 26 patients in two districts in the South West of England over the past five years. Follow-up information was available for 39 procedures. All 27 procedures for hyperhidrosis and both for occlusive vascular disease have produced a long-term improvement. Nine of the 10 procedures for Raynaud's phenomenon have also produced some degree of long-term improvement. Complications included four asymptomatic pneumothoraces, two patients with temporary unilateral Horner's syndrome and two instances of intercosto-brachial numbness. On the positive side, patients expressed satisfaction with the efficacy, rapid recovery and small unobtrusive scars produced by the procedure. Endoscopic transthoracic sympathectomy is effective, safe and well accepted by patients and we believe is now the method of choice for this procedure.
Eur J Vasc Surg 1992 Sep
PMID:Endoscopic transthoracic sympathectomy: experience in the south west of England. 139 53


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