Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0729233 (Thoracic)
 6,478 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thoracic duct lymphocytes from rats primed with DNP-BGG confer on irradiated, syngeneic recipients the ability to mount a large, IgG anti-DNP response after challenge with the immunizing conjugate. An analysis of this adoptive response lead to the following conclusions. the B memory cells which generate the IgG response carry IgG on their surface and are present in a subpopulation amounting to less than l0% of all B cells in thoracic duct lymph. The view that memory cells carry exclusively IgD is untenable. The majority of B lymphocytes in thoracic duct lymph are recirculating cells which carry surface IgM...
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PMID:Subpopulations of B lymphocytes and the carriage of immunological memory. 108 33

Thoracic duct lymphocytes (TDL) from normal rats will restore a primary antibody response to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) in irradiated recipients and cause a graft-versus-host reaction in F(1) hybrid rats; lymphocytes from rats immunized with either tetanus toxoid or dinitrophenylated bovine gamma globulin (DNP BGG) will generate specific antibody after cell transfer and challenge. The ability of TDL to mediate each of these responses is severely depressed by giving a single intravenous dose of the specific antigen shortly before cannulation of the thoracic duct, although the lymphocyte donors themselves respond normally. The injection of antigen does not decrease the output of lymphocytes in the thoracic duct and the effect is specific for the antigen injected. The findings are most readily accounted for by assuming that small subpopulations of specific lymphocytes are selected from the recirculating pool by antigen which has localized in lymphoid tissue. The observation that passive antibody abolishes selection by SRBC supports this interpretation. The strong selection exerted by a subcutaneous injection of SRBC in Freund's complete adjuvant, which induces delayed hypersensitivity but little early antibody, suggests that a common cell type may be involved in the induction of both delayed hypersensitivity and antibody formation. The anti-DNP antibody response generated by TDL from rats immunized with DNP BGG was abolished by a selecting injection of the homologous conjugate. The response was depressed to a smaller degree by injections of either BGG or dinitrophenylated human serum albumin, suggesting that carrier-specific (T) and hapten-specific (B) lymphocytes could be separately selected from the recirculating pool. The regional selection of recirculating lymphocytes by antigen may explain a number of phenomena in which the prior injection of antigen has been found to inhibit a subsequent immune response.
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PMID:The specific selection of recirculating lymphocytes by antigen in normal and preimmunized rats. 411 30

The life-span and migratory characteristics of rat thoracic duct cells which initiate the adoptive primary and secondary antibody response to diphtheria toxoid (DT) and horse spleen ferritin (HSF) were investigated. The experimental results show that thoracic duct lymphocytes from normal (unimmunized) donors are able to restore the adoptive response of irradiated hosts to HSF. Thoracic duct cells passaged through an intermediate host (intravenous injection and subsequent collection in the thoracic duct lymph) showed a marked reduction in their restorative action as compared with unpassaged cells. In addition, the restorative action of cells from donors treated with thymidine-(3)H for 48 hr before cannulation of the thoracic duct was markedly decreased. This indicates that a population of lymphocytes involved in the adoptive primary response is unable to recirculate from the blood to the lymph and is turning over rapidly (short lived). The nonrecirculating, short-lived lymphocytes are proably "B" cells, since a combination of spleen cells from neonatally thymectomized rats and passaged or thymidine-(3)H-treated cells restores a vigorous response to HSF. On the other hand, passaged or thymidine-(3)H-treated thoracic duct cells from donors immunized to DT or HSF are able to restore a vigorous adoptive secondary antibody response. Experiments with the hapten-protein conjugate, DNP-DT, show that the majority of both helper ("T") and precursor ("B") cells are able to recirculate and are slowly turning over (long lived). The findings suggest that T lymphocytes involved in both the primary and secondary antibody response are recirculating, long-lived cells. However, B lymphocytes involved in the primary response are nonrecirculating, short-lived cells ("B(1)" cells) which undergo a fundamental physiological change to recirculating, long-lived cells ("B(2)" cells) involved in the secondary antibody response.
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PMID:Initiation of antibody responses by different classes of lymphocytes. V. Fundamental changes in the physiological characteristics of virgin thymus-independent ("B") lymphocytes and "B" memory cells. 506 12