Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0729233 (Thoracic)
 6,478 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Severity criteria for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) have always excluded patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. A 1-yr, multicenter, prospective observational study of HIV-infected patients with bacterial CAP was done to validate the criteria used in the American Thoracic Society (ATS) guidelines for CAP, and to determine the prognosis-associated factors in the HIV-infected population with bacterial CAP. Overall, 355 cases were included, with an attributable mortality of 9.3%. Patients who met the ATS criteria had a longer hospital stay (p = 0.01), longer duration of fever (p < 0.001), and higher attributable mortality (13.1% versus 3.5%, p = 0.02) than those who did not. Three factors were independently related to mortality: CD4(+) cell count < 100/microl, radiologic progression of disease, and shock. Pleural effusion, cavities, and/or multilobar infiltrates at admission were independently associated with radiologic progression. A prognostic rule based on the five criteria of shock, CD4(+) cell count < 100/microl, pleural effusion, cavities, and multilobar infiltrates had a high negative predictive value for mortality (97.1%). The attributable mortality for severe pneumonia was 11.3%, as compared with 1.3% for nonsevere disease (p = 0.008). The ATS severity criteria are valid in HIV-infected patients with bacterial CAP. Our study provides the basis for identification of patients who may require hospitalization determined by clinical judgment and the five clinical criteria of shock, a CD4(+) cell count < 100/microl, pleural effusion, cavities, and multilobar involvement. These prognostic factors should be validated in independent cohort studies.
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PMID:Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: validation of severity criteria. The Grupo Andaluz para el Estudio de las Enfermedades Infecciosas. 1111 15

A 1.5-yr-old captive male Gambian giant pouched rat (Cricetomys gambianus) died after suffering from anorexia, weakness, and dyspnea for 3 wk. Thoracic radiographs of thorax and abdomen and computed tomography showed a severe biventricular enlargement of the heart and a moderate hepatomegaly. Necropsy revealed a severe, bilateral hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and dilation of the right ventricle due to multifocal bilateral, valvular endocardiosis of all atrioventricular valves and acute hepatic congestion. Histologically, the atrioventricular valves were multifocally thickened by a marked endocardiosis with stromal accumulation of Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive, mucinous material. Although common in dogs, endocardiosis has not been described in Nesomyidaes. As in other affected species, the pathogenesis of endocardiosis in this species remains unclear.
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PMID:Chronic heart failure due to severe endocardiosis in a Gambian giant pouched rat (Cricetomys gambianus). 2072 67

A 1-year-old neutered male chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera) was presented with emaciation and a 1-month history of progressive weight loss. The animal was bright and responsive on clinical examination, but had poor body condition. Serum biochemical analysis revealed elevated alanine amino transferase and alkaline phosphatase. Ultrasound examination was unremarkable. Thoracic radiography showed changes consistent with bullous emphysema and severe pneumonia. Antibiotic therapy was initiated, but the chinchilla died 6 weeks later. Necropsy examination revealed granulomatous lesions in the lungs and liver. Numerous acid-fast bacilli were present in the cytoplasm of macrophages. Sequencing of genetic material isolated from fixed tissue classified the pathogen as Mycobacterium genavense.
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PMID:Disseminated Mycobacterium genavense infection in a chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera). 2481 53

A 1-year and 7-months-old neutered male toy poodle was presented with persistent respiratory distress, gradual weight loss and melaena. Thoracic radiography showed an unstructured interstitial lung pattern. Histopathological examination of tissues collected at necropsy examination revealed disseminated infection by Pneumocystis carinii. The organisms were detected in the lungs, lymph nodes, liver, heart, kidneys, spleen, gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. In the lungs, the organisms were present in the alveolar space and interstitial tissue, and calcified foci containing P. carinii were observed. The presence of the organism in non-thoracic lymph nodes provided evidence of lymphogenous spread. A definitive diagnosis of disseminated pneumocystosis was achieved through the use of Grocott methenamine silver staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and polymerase chain reaction for P. carinii. Depletion of cells expressing immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG was confirmed by IHC of lymphoid tissue, suggesting possible underlying immunodeficiency.
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PMID:Disseminated Pneumocystosis in a Toy Poodle. 3213 48

A 1-year-old female ferret was presented with an acute history of severe respiratory distress. Abnormal clinical signs noted during the initial physical examination were hypothermia, dehydration, pale mucous membranes, tachypnea, and severe dyspnea. Thoracic radiographs revealed pleural effusion, an enlarged cardiac silhouette, and areas of lung consolidation. Both blood and thoracic fluid were hyperproteinemic and hypergammaglobulinemic. Antibiotic, corticosteroid, and diuretic supportive treatment provided temporary improvement. After the initial positive response to treatment, the ferret's condition progressively deteriorated until the owners decided to euthanize the patient 15 days after initial presentation. Gross necropsy results revealed 5 mL of serosanguinous fluid within the thoracic cavity, cardiomegaly, and consolidated lungs that had a patchy, pale golden tissue pattern. The histologic diagnosis was endogenous lipid pneumonia. Findings suggest that endogenous lipid pneumonia can be associated with severe respiratory disease in ferrets.
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PMID:Endogenous Lipid Pneumonia in a Ferret (Mustela putorius furo). 3228 75