Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0729233 (Thoracic)
 6,478 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study investigated the effects of hypertension on regional aortic biomechanical and structural properties in three rat models of vascular calcification: the hypertensive Lewis polycystic kidney (LPK; n = 13) model of chronic kidney disease, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs; n = 12), and calcification in normotensive Lewis rats induced by vitamin D3 and nicotine (VDN; n = 8). Lewis and Wistar-Kyoto rats were controls. Thoracic and abdominal aortic stiffness parameters were assessed by tensile testing. In models where aortic stiffness differences compared with controls existed in both thoracic and abdominal segments, an additional cohort was quantified by histology for thoracic and abdominal aortic elastin, collagen, and calcification. LPK and VDN animals had higher thoracic breaking strain than control animals (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively) and lower energy absorption within the tensile curve of the abdominal aorta (P < 0.05). SHRs had a lower abdominal breaking stress than Wistar-Kyoto rats. LPK and VDN rats had more elastic lamellae fractures than control rats (P < 0.001), which were associated with calcium deposition (thoracic R = 0.37, P = 0.048; abdominal: R = 0.40, P = 0.046). LPK rats had higher nuclear density than control rats (P < 0.01), which was also evident in the thoracic but not abdominal aorta of VDN rats (P < 0.01). In LPK and VDN rats, but not in control rats, media thickness and cross-sectional area were at least 1.5-fold greater in thoracic than abdominal regions. The calcification models chronic kidney disease and induced calcification in normotension caused differences in regional aortic stiffness not seen in a genetic form of hypertension. Detrimental abdominal aortic remodeling but lower stiffness in the thoracic aorta with disease indicates possible compensatory mechanisms in the proximal aorta.
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PMID:Opposing changes in thoracic and abdominal aortic biomechanical properties in rodent models of vascular calcification and hypertension. 2483 3

Polycystic kidney disease (PCKD) is rarely associated with aortic dissection (AD), which is a life-threatening disease. Although endovascular stent-graft repair tends to show better outcomes than conventional therapies in complicated type B AD (TBAD), successful endovascular intervention of TBAD with malperfusion in a patient with PCKD has not been reported. This case shows a 37-year-old male who had sudden onset of sharply stabbing epigastric pain with severe hypertension, who was diagnosed with TBAD and PCKD by a computed tomography and initially underwent medical treatment. Four days after discharge, he was rehospitalized with left leg pain and paresthesia due to left lower leg malperfusion. Thoracic endovascular stent-graft repair covering the primary tear site of dissection was performed successfully, leading to a decrease in false lumen and improvement of symptoms. We report the case of complicated TBAD in a patient with PCKD treated with endovascular stent-graft repair.
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PMID:Successful Endovascular Stent-Graft Repair for Complicated Type B Aortic Dissection Developed in a Patient with Polycystic Kidney Disease. 2621 46