Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0729233 (Thoracic)
 6,478 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mechanical assisted ventilation for neonatal respiratory failure is associated with residual lung disease. Because ECMO rests the lungs, it has been suggested that ECMO will prevent chronic lung disease in survivors. To determine whether or not ECMO survivors have evidence of pulmonary sequelae, we studied 19 infants who were treated with ECMO for neonatal respiratory failure. Ten infants still required supplemental oxygen or pulmonary medications or both to treat clinical lung disease during the first six months of life. Thoracic gas volume was normal. Pulmonary mechanics in ECMO survivors were compared with those of 13 preterm infants with BPD at similar age. We conclude that a significant proportion of ECMO survivors have residual abnormalities in pulmonary mechanics at 6 months of age. We speculate that neonatal lung injury due to meconium aspiration and other causes is a more important determinant of abnormal pulmonary sequelae than the method of treatment.
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PMID:Pulmonary sequelae at six months following extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. 155 25

We determined the short-term variability of pulmonary function in infants recovering from bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Sixteen infants with birth weight of 1,231 +/- 929 grams (mean +/- SD) and gestational age of 29 +/- 4 weeks were studied twice at 17 +/- 8 weeks postnatally at intervals of 4 to 8 days during a period of clinical stability. The infants were still on supplemental oxygen but were off diuretics and bronchodilators. We used a modification of the rapid thoracic compression method to measure forced expiratory flow (Vmax FRC) and the time constant (tau) of expiratory flow at functional residual capacity. Thoracic gas volume (TGV), mean and total airway resistance (RawM and RawT), and mean and total specific airway conductance (SGawM and SGawT) were measured in a whole body pressure plethysmograph. An esophageal balloon was used to measure dynamic pulmonary compliance (Cdyn). Variabilities were defined as the standard deviation of percent changes between the first and second tests. They were 30% for VmaxFRC, 23% for tau, 12% for TGV, 20% for RawM, 35% for RawT, 25% for SGawM, 72% for SGawT, and 23% for Cdyn. All these tests are useful in assessing pulmonary function of infants with BPD; however, their variability must be taken into account when interpreting short-term changes.
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PMID:Short-term variability of pulmonary function tests in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. 270 81

We studied the effects of furosemide on pulmonary mechanics in 10 infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia aged 41 +/- 1 (SE) weeks post-conception, gestational age at birth 30 +/- 1 wk, birth weight 1370 +/- 200 gm. Thoracic gas volume, airways resistance, and specific airway conductance were measured in an infant body pressure plethysmograph during quiet breathing. Dynamic pulmonary compliance was measured using an esophageal balloon. Infants with BPD had greater Raw, lower SGaw, and lower Cdyn than did 16 normal control infants. Within one hour after administration of furosemide 1 mg/kg IV to infants with BPD, Raw fell 36 +/- 13%, SGaw increased 84 +/- 22%, and Cdyn increased 54 +/- 13%; TGV did not change. Diuretic treatment of BPD in infants is associated with rapid, short-term improvement in Raw and Cdyn.
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PMID:Furosemide acutely decreases airways resistance in chronic bronchopulmonary dysplasia. 662 24